☆ 4.5 Review

An Update on Apraxia of Speech

CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS (2023)

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Article Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

The Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale: Reliability, Validity, and Utility

Joseph R. Duffy et al.

Summary: The purpose of this study was to validate the Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale (ASRS-3.5) in assessing the presence and severity of apraxia of speech (AOS). The study found good interrater reliability and significant correlations between the ASRS Total score and other independent clinical ratings of AOS severity. The ASRS-3.5 is considered a reliable and valid tool for evaluating the presence and severity of AOS.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Clinicopathological associations of hemispheric dominance in primary progressive apraxia of speech

Carling G. Robinson et al.

Summary: By classifying and analyzing the FDG-PET imaging of 51 patients with primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS), it was found that greater involvement of the lateral premotor cortex (LPC) and supplementary motor area (SMA) in the right hemisphere is associated with the fastest decline in behavioral and motor features.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

The many faces of globular glial tauopathy: A clinical and imaging study

Marina Buciuc et al.

Summary: Globular glial tauopathy (GGT) is commonly associated with frontotemporal dementia syndromes, but little is known about its clinical and imaging characteristics. This study compared GGT with other non-globular glial 4-repeat tauopathies (N4GT) and found that GGT patients were more likely to be female and to have lower motor neuron involvement. Additionally, GGT patients exhibited asymmetric frontotemporal atrophy and preserved midbrain volume.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY (2023)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Buccofacial apraxia in primary progressive aphasia

Keisuke Morihara et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between Buccofacial apraxia (BFA) and agrammatism in nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) and compare the atrophic regions in PPA patients with and without BFA. Language examination and BFA evaluations were conducted on 74 PPA patients, revealing BFA in 20 nfvPPA patients and 3 unclassified PPA patients. The group with BFA showed worse spontaneous speech and writing, and a higher ratio of agrammatic errors, but no difference in the severity of prosodic and phonetic components of AOS compared to the group without BFA. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis revealed that the severity of BFA correlated with atrophy in specific regions of the frontal gyrus. BFA has a distinct anatomical basis from AOS in nfvPPA patients and is characterized by more anterior degeneration.

CORTEX (2023)

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Article Neuroimaging

Spatial patterns of elevated magnetic susceptibility in progressive apraxia of speech

Ryota Satoh et al.

Summary: This study aims to investigate the magnetic susceptibility in patients with Progressive Apraxia of Speech (PAOS) to reveal its correlation with biological processes such as iron deposition and demyelination. The results showed that the magnetic susceptibility of PAOS patients was significantly increased in subcortical regions. This study is of great significance for understanding the magnetic susceptibility changes and the pathophysiology of PAOS.

NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Autopsy Validation of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Predominant Speech/Language Disorder Criteria

Fatma Ozlem Hokelekli et al.

Summary: PSP-SL is associated with heterogeneous pathologies. Evolution of PSP-SL into poss./prob. PSP is more predictive of underlying PSP pathology than s.o. PSP-SL.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Neuropsychological Profiles of Patients with Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia

Angelina J. Polsinelli et al.

Summary: This study compared the neuropsychological profiles of patients with PPAOS and AOS-PAA. It found that PPAOS patients performed better in various cognitive domains, while AOS-PAA patients showed poorer performance in episodic memory and executive functioning. As aphasia severity increased, cognitive performance declined, particularly in verbally mediated domains.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Functional connectivity to the premotor cortex maps onto longitudinal brain neurodegeneration in progressive apraxia of speech

Irene Sintini et al.

Summary: This study investigates the connectivity in primary progressive aphasia and primary progressive apraxia of speech, and finds that the connectivity to specific brain regions is associated with gray matter atrophy and hypometabolism.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Assessment of Behavior in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Agrammatic Aphasia

Fatma Ozlem Hokelekli et al.

Summary: This study compared the behavioral symptomatology between patients with primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS), patients with progressive agrammatic aphasia (PAA), and patients with both apraxia of speech and PAA (AOS-PAA). The results showed that all patients, regardless of diagnosis, exhibited at least one behavioral symptom at baseline, and behavioral disturbances worsened over time. PPAOS group had the least behavioral impact, while negative behaviors were more prominent in PAA and AOS-PAA groups.

DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS (2022)

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Article Neuroimaging

Tractography of supplementary motor area projections in progressive speech apraxia and aphasia

Adrian Valls Carbo et al.

Summary: This study aimed to assess the structural connectivity breakdowns from the supplementary motor area in patients with progressive AOS and/or agrammatic aphasia. The results showed abnormalities in the supplementary motor area commissural fibers in all three groups compared to controls. Patients with PPAOS showed abnormal diffusion in tracts from the supplementary motor area to various brain regions, while patients with AOS-PAA and PAA showed abnormalities in the same tracts, with varying degrees of involvement of the supplementary motor area. The severity of AOS was correlated with tract metrics in the supplementary motor area commissural and motor cortex tracts, while the severity of aphasia was correlated with the frontal aslant and prefrontal tracts.

NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL (2022)

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Article Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

Primary progressive apraxia of speech: from recognition to diagnosis and care

Joseph R. Duffy et al.

Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the literature on primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) and progressive apraxia of speech (AOS) as it co-occurs with progressive aphasia. It reviews the history of emergence, relationship with primary progressive aphasia, perceptual features, imaging measures, and management principles.

APHASIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

To lump or to split? Possible subtypes of apraxia of speech

Marja-Liisa Mailend et al.

Summary: The notion that AOS may consist of different subtypes based on clinical symptomatology, theoretical constructs, and analogy to limb apraxia has been proposed. Future research needs to gather more empirical evidence to support and validate these subtypes, and should consider large sample sizes to better differentiate individual variability.

APHASIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Sleep disturbances in the speech-language variant of progressive supranuclear palsy

Fatma Ozlem Hokelekli et al.

Summary: The study found that sleep abnormalities are common in patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) variants with speech and language problems (PSP-SL), but less frequent compared to other PSP-Richardson Syndrome (PSP-RS) patients.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2021)

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Article Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

A Preliminary Look Into the Clinical Evolution of Motor Speech Characteristics in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech in Quebec French

Liziane Bouvier et al.

Summary: This study tracked changes in motor speech of patients with PPAOS over an 18-month period, finding significant impairment in speech abilities and decreases in articulatory and prosodic measures over time. Passage reading and diadochokinesis were particularly promising for tracking these changes. Quantifying speech run length helped distinguish different types of PPAOS.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

Progressive apraxia of speech in Quebec French speakers: A case series

Liziane Bouvier et al.

Summary: Progressive apraxia of speech (PAOS) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by progressive and initially isolated or dominant apraxia of speech (primary progressive apraxia of speech [PPAOS] and dominant progressive apraxia of speech [DAOS], respectively). This study provides an in-depth analysis of motor speech characteristics of PAOS in Quebec French speakers and adds further evidence for the differentiation of PPAOS and DAOS. Combining simple perceptual and acoustic analyses represent a promising approach to distinguish the two variants and identify treatment targets.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS (2021)

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Article Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

Word Fluency Test Performance in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech

Lucia Scheffel et al.

Summary: This study compared word fluency performance among individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS). The results showed that all PPA subgroups performed poorly on word fluency measures compared to individuals with PPAOS, with moderate correlations found between word fluency and aphasia severity and naming performance in some groups.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Effects of tDCS on Sound Duration in Patients with Apraxia of Speech in Primary Progressive Aphasia

Charalambos Themistocleous et al.

Summary: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with speech therapy was shown to significantly improve sound duration in patients with non-fluent PPA, with sustained effects observed two months post-treatment. These findings suggest that tDCS may enhance the efficacy of speech therapy for patients with nfvPPA/AOS.

BRAIN SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A molecular pathology, neurobiology, biochemical, genetic and neuroimaging study of progressive apraxia of speech

Keith A. Josephs et al.

Summary: Progressive apraxia of speech is a neurodegenerative syndrome affecting spoken communication. The study investigated molecular pathology, biochemistry, genetics, and longitudinal imaging in 32 autopsy-confirmed patients with progressive apraxia of speech. The most common underlying pathologies were corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Survival Analysis in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Agrammatic Aphasia

Jennifer L. Whitwell et al.

Summary: The study compared survival among patients with different combinations of apraxia of speech (AOS) and agrammatic aphasia, showing that individuals with PPAOS have better survival and reduced risk of death than those with AOS + PAA. This finding improves prognostic estimates for these patients and highlights the value of distinguishing PPAOS from AOS + PAA.

NEUROLOGY-CLINICAL PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Ioflupane 123I (DAT scan) SPECT identifies dopamine receptor dysfunction early in the disease course in progressive apraxia of speech

Zeynep Idil Seckin et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY (2020)

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Review Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology

Differential Diagnosis of Apraxia of Speech in Children and Adults: A Scoping Review

Kristen M. Allison et al.

JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH (2020)

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The evolution of parkinsonism in primary progressive apraxia of speech: A 6-year longitudinal study

Zeynep Idil Seckin et al.

PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS (2020)

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Sub-classification of apraxia of speech in patients with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases

Yuki Takakura et al.

BRAIN AND COGNITION (2019)

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Letter Clinical Neurology

High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for primary progressive apraxia of speech: A case series

Danielle S. Shpiner et al.

BRAIN STIMULATION (2019)

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An Evaluation of the Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Speech/Language Variant

Jennifer L. Whitwell et al.

MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE (2019)

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Retraining speech production and fluency in non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia

Maya L. Henry et al.

BRAIN (2018)

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Prosodic and phonetic subtypes of primary progressive apraxia of speech

Rene L. Utianski et al.

BRAIN AND LANGUAGE (2018)

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Tau-PET imaging with [18F]AV-1451 in primary progressive apraxia of speech

Rene L. Utianski et al.

CORTEX (2018)

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Clinical and imaging progression over 10 years in a patient with primary progressive apraxia of speech and autopsy-confirmed corticobasal degeneration

Katerina A. Tetzloff et al.

NEUROCASE (2018)

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Disrupted functional connectivity in primary progressive apraxia of speech

Hugo Botha et al.

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Clinical Progression in Four Cases of Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech

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Radiological Biomarkers for Diagnosis in PSP: Where Are We and Where Do We Need to Be?

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Predicting clinical decline in progressive agrammatic aphasia and apraxia of speech

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Quantitative susceptibility mapping differentiates between parkinsonian disorders

Henrik Sjostrom et al.

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Motor Speech Phenotypes of Frontotemporal Dementia, Primary Progressive Aphasia, and Progressive Apraxia of Speech

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Tracking the development of agrammatic aphasia: A tensor-based morphometry study

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An autoradiographic evaluation of AV-1451 Tau PET in dementia

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Classification and clinicoradiologic features of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and apraxia of speech

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Dominant Frontotemporal Dementia Mutations in 140 Cases of Primary Progressive Aphasia and Speech Apraxia

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Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech: Clinical Features and Acoustic and Neurologic Correlates

Joseph R. Duffy et al.

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APOE ε4 influences β-amyloid deposition in primary progressive aphasia and speech apraxia

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Motor speech disorders associated with primary progressive aphasia

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The evolution of primary progressive apraxia of speech

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Nonverbal oral apraxia in primary progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech

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The apraxia of speech rating scale: A tool for diagnosis and description of apraxia of speech

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Neuroimaging comparison of primary progressive apraxia of speech and progressive supranuclear palsy

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Syndromes dominated by apraxia of speech show distinct characteristics from agrammatic PPA

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Criteria for the diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration

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Apraxia of Speech and Phonological Errors in the Diagnosis of Nonfluent/Agrammatic and Logopenic Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia

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Clinicopathological and imaging correlates of progressive aphasia and apraxia of speech

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