A GNN-based model for capturing spatio-temporal changes in locomotion behaviors of aging C. elegans

Investigating the locomotion of aging C. elegans is an important way for understanding the basic mechanisms behind age-related changes in organisms. However, the locomotion of aging C. elegans is often quantified using insufficient physical variables, which makes it challenging to capture essential dynamics. To study changes in the locomotion pattern of aging C. elegans, we developed a novel data-driven model based on graph neural networks, in which the C. elegans body is modeled as a long chain with interactions within and between adjacent segments, and their interactions are described by high-dimensional variables. Using this model, we discovered that each segment of the C. elegans body generally tends to maintain its locomotion, i.e., tries to keep the bending angle unchanged, and expects to change the locomotion of the adjacent segments. The ability to maintain its loco-motion strengthens with age. Besides, a subtle distinguish in the changes in the locomotion pattern of C. elegans at various aging stages were observed. Our model is anticipated to provide a data-driven method for quantifying the changes in the locomotion pattern of aging C. elegans and for mining the underlying causes of these changes.

Automated summary

Investigating the locomotion of aging C. elegans is crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind age-related changes. However, current quantification methods lack necessary physical variables, making it challenging to capture essential dynamics. To address this, we developed a data-driven model using graph neural networks to study changes in locomotion patterns of aging C. elegans. Our model revealed that each segment of the C. elegans body tends to maintain its locomotion while influencing adjacent segments, with this ability strengthening with age. Additionally, subtle variations in locomotion patterns were observed across different aging stages. This model provides a valuable data-driven approach for quantifying and exploring the causes of locomotion changes in aging C. elegans.