Correlation of background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI with breast cancer

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic value of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women referred to radiological department as a high risk for breast cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study included 327 consecutive patients (mean age: 60 years, age range: 30-90 years) who underwent breast MRI and tissue biopsy between 2007 and 2016. All MRI images (T1, T2, and subtraction images) were evalu-ated visually. The relationship of BPE with patient age, fibroglandular tissue (FGT), Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) categories, presence of breast cancer, and expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), progesterone receptor (PR), oestrogen receptor (ER), and Ki67 were analysed. Furthermore, all variables were correlated with pre-and postmenopausal status.RESULTS: BPE of bilateral breast showed a weak correlation with FGT (right BPE: r=-0.14, p=0.004; left BPE: r=0.16, p=0.0 03), a weak negative correlation with patient age (right BPE: r=-0.14, p=0.0 07; left BPE: r=-0.15, p=0.006), and significant correlation with HER2 (right BPE, p=0.02), left BPE with HER2 was not significant. Among the correlations between BPE and BIRADS, only between right BPE and right BIRADS was significant (p=0.031). No clear evidence of an association between breast MRI BPE and breast cancer in premenopausal and post-menopausal status was observed, and no difference was found between the right and left breasts.CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study showed no significant correlations between BPE and breast cancer. In addition, there was no significant difference between the right and left breast. Hence, BPE of MRI may not be a reliable biomarker of breast cancer development.& COPY; 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal College of Radiologists.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the prognostic value of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for high-risk breast cancer patients. The results showed weak or no significant correlations between BPE and patient age, fibroglandular tissue (FGT), Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) categories, presence of breast cancer, and expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and Ki67. Therefore, BPE in MRI may not be a reliable biomarker for breast cancer development.