Vaccination Status and Trends in Adult COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations by Race and Ethnicity: March 2020-August 2022

Background We sought to determine whether race/ethnicity disparities in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes persist in the era of vaccination. Methods Population-based age-adjusted monthly rate ratios (RRs) of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-associated hospitalizations were calculated among adult patients from the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network, March 2020 - August 2022 by race/ethnicity. Among randomly sampled patients July 2021 - August 2022, RRs for hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality were calculated for Hispanic, Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN), and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) persons vs White persons. Results Based on data from 353 807 patients, hospitalization rates were higher among Hispanic, Black, and AI/AN vs White persons March 2020 - August 2022, yet the magnitude declined over time (for Hispanic persons, RR = 6.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.5-7.1 in June 2020 vs RR < 2.0 after July 2021; for AI/AN persons, RR = 8.4; 95% CI, 8.2-8.7 in May 2020 vs RR < 2.0 after March 2022; and for Black persons RR = 5.3; 95% CI, 4.6-4.9 in July 2020 vs RR < 2.0 after February 2022; all P <= .001). Among 8706 sampled patients July 2021 - August 2022, hospitalization and ICU admission RRs were higher for Hispanic, Black, and AI/AN patients (range for both, 1.4-2.4) and lower for API (range for both, 0.6-0.9) vs White patients. All other race and ethnicity groups had higher in-hospital mortality rates vs White persons (RR range, 1.4-2.9). Conclusions Race/ethnicity disparities in COVID-19-associated hospitalizations declined but persist in the era of vaccination. Developing strategies to ensure equitable access to vaccination and treatment remains important. Race/ethnicity disparities in coronavirus disease 2019-associated hospitalizations declined but persist in the era of vaccination.

Automated summary

Race/ethnicity disparities in severe COVID-19 outcomes have declined but still persist in the era of vaccination. Hispanic, Black, and American Indian/Alaskan Native persons had higher hospitalization rates than White persons, but the magnitude decreased over time. Among sampled patients, Hispanic, Black, and American Indian/Alaskan Native patients had higher hospitalization and ICU admission rates, while Asian/Pacific Islander patients had lower rates compared to White patients. Other race and ethnicity groups had higher in-hospital mortality rates compared to White persons.