Precision diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Early diagnosis of HCC remains the key to improve the prognosis. In recent years, with the promotion of the concept of precision medicine and more in-depth analysis of the biological mechanism underlying HCC, new diagnostic methods, including emerging serum markers, liquid biopsies, molecular diagnosis, and advances in imaging (novel contrast agents and radiomics), have emerged one after another. Herein, we reviewed and analyzed scientific advances in the early diagnosis of HCC and discussed their application and shortcomings. This review aimed to provide a reference for scientific research and clinical practice of HCC.

Automated summary

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC), and early diagnosis is crucial for better prognosis. Recent advancements in precision medicine and understanding the biological mechanisms of HCC have led to the development of new diagnostic methods, such as emerging serum markers, liquid biopsies, molecular diagnosis, and improvements in imaging techniques. This review aims to summarize and analyze these scientific advances in early HCC diagnosis and discuss their application and limitations, providing a reference for further research and clinical practice.