H-8[PV5Mo7O40] - A Unique Polyoxometalate for Acid and RedOx Catalysis: Synthesis, Characterization, and Modern Applications in Green Chemical Processes

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are a fascinating group of anionic metal-oxide clusters with a broad variety of structural properties and several catalytic applications, especially in the conversion of bio-derived platform chemicals. H-8[PV5Mo7O40] (HPA-5) is a unique POM catalyst that ideally links numerous fascinating research fields for the following reasons: a) HPA-5 can be synthesized by rational design approaches; b) HPA-5 can be well characterized using multiple analytical tools explaining its catalytic properties; and c) HPA-5 is suitable for multiple important catalytic transformations of bio-based feedstock. This Review combines the fields of synthesis, spectroscopic, electrochemical, and crystallographic characterization of HPA-5 with those of sustainable catalysis and green chemistry. Selected catalytic applications include esterification, dehydration, and delignification of biomass as well as selective oxidation and fractionation of bio-based feedstock. The unique HPA-5 is a fascinating POM that has a broad application scope for biomass valorization.

Automated summary

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are anionic metal-oxide clusters with diverse structures and catalytic applications, particularly in the conversion of bio-derived platform chemicals. HPA-5, a unique POM catalyst, has been extensively studied due to its rational synthesis, detailed characterization, and suitability for important catalytic transformations of bio-based feedstock. This Review combines the fields of synthesis, spectroscopic, electrochemical, and crystallographic characterization of HPA-5 with sustainable catalysis and green chemistry, showcasing its broad application scope for biomass valorization.