Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 29, Issue 49, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300813
Keywords
antiproliferative agents; enzyme inhibitors; ferrocene; ispinesib; organometallic compounds
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Derivatives of ispinesib and its (S) analogue, containing ferrocenyl moieties or bulky organic substituents, were prepared to combine multiple biologically-active components in a single molecule. Several of these compounds demonstrated higher antiproliferative activity than ispinesib, with nanomolar IC50 values against cell lines. The improved activity may be attributed to synergic effects of various factors such as KSP inhibitory activity due to the ispinesib core and ability to generate ROS and induce mitotic arrest.
With the aim to combine more than one biologically-active component in a single molecule, derivatives of ispinesib and its (S) analogue were prepared that featured ferrocenyl moieties or bulky organic substituents. Inspired by the strong kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitory activity of ispinesib, the compounds were investigated for their antiproliferative activity. Among these compounds, several derivatives demonstrated significantly higher antiproliferative activity than ispinesib with nanomolar IC50 values against cell lines. Further evaluation indicated that the antiproliferative activity is not directly correlated with their KSP inhibitory activity while docking suggested that several of the derivatives may bind in a manner similar to ispinesib. In order to investigate the mode of action further, cell cycle analysis and reactive oxygen species formation were investigated. The improved antiproliferative activity of the most active compounds may be assigned to synergic effects of various factors such as KSP inhibitory activity due to the ispinesib core and ability to generate ROS and induce mitotic arrest.
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