Models of Polaron Transport in Inorganic and Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Titanium Oxides

Polarons are a type of localized excess charge in materials and often form in transition metal oxides. The large effective mass and confined nature of polarons make them of fundamental interest for photochemical and electrochemical reactions. The most studied polaronic system is rutile TiO2 where electron addition results in small polaron formation through the reduction of Ti(IV) d0 to Ti(III) d1 centers. Using this model system, we perform a systematic analysis of the potential energy surface based on semiclassical Marcus theory parametrized from the first-principles potential energy landscape. We show that Fdoped TiO2 only binds polaron weakly with effective dielectric screening after the second nearest neighbor. To tailor the polaron transport, we compare TiO2 to two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): MIL-125 and ACM-1. The choice of MOF ligands and connectivity of the TiO6 octahedra largely vary the shape of the diabatic potential energy surface and the polaron mobility. Our models are applicable to other polaronic materials.

Automated summary

Polarons are localized excess charge in materials, especially transition metal oxides, which are of fundamental interest for photochemical and electrochemical reactions. This study focuses on the model system rutile TiO2 and investigates the effect of impurity doping on polaron formation. Additionally, two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MIL-125 and ACM-1, are compared to TiO2, demonstrating the influence of ligands and connectivity on polaron mobility.