Functional crosstalk between chromatin and hypoxia signalling

Eukaryotic genomes are organised in a structure called chromatin, comprising of DNA and histone proteins. Chromatin is thus a fundamental regulator of gene expression, as it offers storage and protection but also controls accessibility to DNA. Sensing and responding to reductions in oxygen availability (hypoxia) have recognised importance in both physiological and pathological processes in multicellular organisms. One of the main mechanisms controlling these responses is control of gene expression. Recent findings in the field of hypoxia have highlighted how oxygen and chromatin are intricately linked. This review will focus on mechanisms controlling chromatin in hypoxia, including chromatin regulators such as histone modifications and chromatin remodellers. It will also highlight how these are integrated with hypoxia inducible factors and the knowledge gaps that persist.

Automated summary

Chromatin, consisting of DNA and histone proteins, plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression. Recent studies have revealed the intricate connection between chromatin and oxygen, particularly in the context of hypoxia. This review focuses on the mechanisms that control chromatin in hypoxia, including histone modifications, chromatin remodellers, and their integration with hypoxia inducible factors.