Journal
CANCER LETTERS
Volume 562, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216168
Keywords
Dendritic cells; Dexosomes; CD4+T cells; CD8+T cells; NK cells; Cancer immunotherapy
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Dexosomes released by dendritic cells can stimulate CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses, leading to effective anti-tumoral immune responses. Combining dexosomes vaccination with other treatment approaches can significantly increase tumor-specific T cell responses.
Dendritic cells (DCs) release nanometer-sized membrane vesicles known as dexosomes, containing different molecules, particularly proteins, for presenting antigens, i.e., major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I/II and CD86. Dexosomes can, directly and indirectly, stimulate antigen-reactive CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses. Antigen-loaded dexosomes can lead to the development of potent anti-tumoral immune responses. Notably, developing dexosome-based cell-free vaccines could serve as a new vaccination platform in the era of immu-notherapy for various cancers. Furthermore, combining dexosomes vaccination strategies with other treatment approaches can considerably increase tumor-specific T cell responses. Herein, we aimed to review how dex-osomes interact with immune cells, e.g., CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Besides, we dis-cussed the limitations of this approach and suggested potential strategies to improve its effectiveness for affected patients.
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