Related references
Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Finja Schweitzer et al.
Summary: The study found no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid, and intrathecally produced anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were not detected in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients. This suggests that a persistent central nervous system infection is unlikely to be the cause of neurological or neuropsychiatric post-COVID-19 syndrome.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sven Jarius et al.
Summary: Comprehensive data on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile in patients with COVID-19 and neurological involvement are lacking. This study found that neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients are mainly caused by blood-CSF barrier (BCB) dysfunction rather than intrathecal inflammation. Persistent BCB dysfunction and elevated cytokine levels may contribute to acute symptoms and "long COVID". Direct CNS infection with SARS-CoV-2 is rare in confirmed COVID-19 cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Joan B. Soriano et al.
Summary: People with COVID-19 might experience long-term symptoms known as long COVID or long-haul COVID. The lack of a standardized definition hinders the understanding and treatment of this condition. In a WHO-led Delphi process, a consensus definition was developed, stating that post-COVID-19 condition occurs in individuals with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with symptoms lasting for at least 2 months and impacting everyday functioning. This common framework provides a foundation for future studies and therapy.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
William J. Murphy et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joane Matta et al.
Summary: The study found that self-reported and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections were associated with persistent physical symptoms, with the latter specifically linked to anosmia. It is suggested that persistent symptoms should not be automatically attributed to SARS-CoV-2, and a complete medical evaluation may be needed to properly identify the causes.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lucia Crivelli et al.
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the cognitive effects of COVID-19 in adults without prior cognitive impairment. The results showed that post-COVID-19 patients experienced impairments in executive functions, attention, and memory. A meta-analysis comparing recovered COVID-19 patients and healthy controls demonstrated lower general cognition in the post-infection period up to 7 months.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Vardan Nersesjan et al.
Summary: In this prospective case-control study, cognitive impairment was found among survivors of COVID-19 at 6 months, but the overall burden of neuropsychiatric and neurologic signs and symptoms among hospitalized survivors of COVID-19 was comparable to that observed in matched survivors hospitalized for non-COVID-19 causes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew C. Woodruff et al.
Summary: This study demonstrates the origins, breadth, and resolution of autoreactivity in severe COVID-19, with implications for early intervention and the treatment of patients with post-COVID sequelae.
Article
Immunology
Christiana Franke et al.
Summary: The study on critically ill COVID-19 patients presenting with unexplained neurological symptoms found that all patients showed anti-neuronal autoantibodies in serum or CSF, which may be related to clinical symptoms, particularly hyperexcitability. Several underlying autoantigens and their potential molecular mimicry with SARS-CoV-2 still need further identification.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Eric Song et al.
Summary: The study showed through three approaches that SARS-CoV-2 is capable of infecting brain neurons, leading to metabolic changes and pathological features without triggering type I interferon responses. These results provide evidence for the neuroinvasive capacity of SARS-CoV-2 and the unexpected consequence of direct infection of neurons by the virus.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chaolin Huang et al.
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term health consequences of discharged COVID-19 patients and associated risk factors, particularly disease severity. Patients with more severe illness during hospitalization showed more severe impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for long-term recovery.
Article
Neurosciences
Jenny Meinhardt et al.
Summary: The study demonstrates the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx and brain, suggesting the virus may enter the CNS through the olfactory mucosa. The virus utilizes the neural-mucosal interface in the olfactory mucosa to penetrate the nervous system, affecting various neuroanatomical areas, including the primary respiratory and cardiovascular control center.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daniel Bertin et al.
Summary: Long COVID or Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) refers to the persistence of various symptoms in patients recovering from COVID-19. The pathophysiological mechanism of PCS is still unknown, but there is a possibility of the virus persisting in the nervous system triggering a post-infectious inflammatory or autoimmune reaction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric Y. Wang et al.
Summary: COVID-19 patients show increased autoantibody reactivities against immunomodulatory proteins, which may affect immune function and lead to different clinical outcomes.
Review
Immunology
Harald Pruess
Summary: The realization of the impact of autoantibodies on brain function has led to a paradigm shift in neurological diseases, providing new insights into central nervous system autoimmunity and driving clinical and experimental research. While specific autoantibodies have been identified, the search for more continues with promising results.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gerd Wallukat et al.
Summary: Within a sample of long-term COVID-19 recovered patients, various GPCR-fAABs autoantibodies were detected, with some antibodies causing positive chronotropic effects on cardiac cells while affecting the nervous and cardiovascular systems significantly.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL AUTOIMMUNITY
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Zsuzsanna Varga et al.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Heike Schumacher et al.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2019)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
A. Luett et al.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Doss et al.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2014)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Harald Pruess et al.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2012)
