Fatal, non-fatal burden of cancer in the elderly in China, 2005-2016: a nationwide registry-based study

BackgroundAs populations age, cancer burden becomes increasingly conspicuous. This study quantified the cancer burden of the elderly (>= 60 years) in China, based on the China Cancer Registry Annual Report to provide epidemiological evidence for cancer prevention and control.MethodsData on cancer cases and deaths among the elderly aged >= 60 years were collected from the China Cancer Registry Annual Report, 2008-2019. Potential years of life lost (PYLL) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) were calculated to analyze fatalities and the non-fatal burden. The time trend was analyzed using the Joinpoint model.ResultsFrom 2005 to 2016, the PYLL rate of cancer in the elderly was stable between 45.34 parts per thousand and 47.62 parts per thousand, but the DALY rate for cancer decreased at an average annual rate of 1.18% (95% CI: 0.84-1.52%). The non-fatal cancer burden in the rural elderly was higher than that of the urban elderly. Lung, gastric, liver, esophageal, and colorectal cancers were the main cancers causing the cancer burden in the elderly, and accounted for 74.3% of DALYs. The DALY rate of lung cancer in females in the 60-64 age group increased (annual percentage change [APC] = 1.14%, 95% CI: 0.10-1.82%). Female breast cancer was one of the top five cancers in the 60-64 age group, with DALY rates that also increased (APC = 2.17%, 95% CI: 1.35-3.01%). With increasing age, the burden of liver cancer decreased, while that of colorectal cancer rose.ConclusionsFrom 2005 to 2016, the cancer burden in the elderly in China decreased, mainly reflected in the non-fatal burden. Female breast and liver cancer were a more serious burden in the younger elderly, while colorectal cancer burden was mainly observed in the older elderly.

Automated summary

This study aimed to assess the cancer burden of the elderly in China, and the results showed that the burden decreased from 2005 to 2016. The non-fatal burden was higher in rural elderly compared to urban elderly. Lung, gastric, liver, esophageal, and colorectal cancers were the main causes of cancer burden in the elderly. Breast and liver cancer were more burdensome in younger elderly, while colorectal cancer burden was mainly observed in older elderly.