Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
Volume 1866, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194923
Keywords
Transcription; Factor-dependent termination; Rho; Mycobacteria; Gene expression
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Intrinsic and Rho-dependent transcription termination mechanisms are important for regulating gene expression and recycling RNA polymerase in bacteria. This study highlights the dominance of Rho-dependent termination in mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and validates Rho as a key regulatory factor. Rho affects the termination of both protein-coding and stable RNA genes in Mtb and its depletion impacts bacterial growth and transcription read-through.
Intrinsic and Rho-dependent transcription termination mechanisms regulate gene expression and recycle RNA polymerase in bacteria. Both the modes are well studied in Escherichia coli, and a few other organisms. The understanding of Rho function is limited in most other bacteria including mycobacteria. Here, we highlight the dominance of Rho-dependent termination in mycobacteria and validate Rho as a key regulatory factor. The lower abundance of intrinsic terminators, high cellular levels of Rho, and its genome-wide association with a majority of transcriptionally active genes indicate the pronounced role of Rho-mediated termination in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Rho modulates the termination of RNA synthesis for both protein-coding and stable RNA genes in Mtb. Concordantly, the depletion of Rho in mycobacteria impact its growth and enhances the transcription read-through at 3 & PRIME; ends of the transcription units. We demonstrate that MtbRho is catalytically active in the presence of RNA with varied secondary structures. These properties suggest an evolutionary adaptation of Rho as the efficient and preponderant mode of transcription termination in mycobacteria.
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