Confirmation of Color-dependent Centroid Shift Measured After 1.8 Years with HST

We measured the precise masses of the host and planet in the OGLE-2003-BLG-235 system, when the lens and source were resolving, with 2018 Keck high resolution images. This measurement is in agreement with the observation taken in 2005 with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). In the 2005 data, the lens and sources were not resolved and the measurement was made using color-dependent centroid shift only. The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will measure masses using data typically taken within 3-4 yr of the peak of the event, which is a much shorter baseline when compared to most of the mass measurements to date. Hence, the color-dependent centroid shift will be one of the primary methods of mass measurements for the Roman telescope. Yet, mass measurements of only two events (OGLE-2003-BLG-235 and OGLE-2005-BLG-071) have been done using the color-dependent centroid shift method so far. The accuracy of the measurements using this method are neither completely known nor well studied. The agreement of the Keck and HST results, as shown in this paper, is very important because this agreement confirms the accuracy of the mass measurements determined at a small lens-source separation using the color-dependent centroid shift method. It also shows that with >100 high resolution images, the Roman telescope will be able to use color-dependent centroid shift at a 3-4 yr time baseline and produce mass measurements. We find that OGLE-2003-BLG-235 is a planetary system that consists of a 2.34 +/- 0.43M (Jup) planet orbiting a 0.56 +/- 0.06M (circle dot) K-dwarf host star at a distance of 5.26 +/- 0.71 kpc from the Sun.

Automated summary

The precise masses of the host and planet in the OGLE-2003-BLG-235 system were measured using 2018 Keck high-resolution images, which were consistent with the 2005 observation with the Hubble Space Telescope. The agreement between the Keck and HST results confirms the accuracy of mass measurements using the color-dependent centroid shift method at a small lens-source separation. The study also shows that the Roman Space Telescope can produce mass measurements using color-dependent centroid shift with >100 high-resolution images and a 3-4 year time baseline.