Unusual and Superfast Temperature-Triggered Actuators

A superfast actuator based on a bilayer fibrous mat shows folding/unfolding and the formation of 3D structures in a fraction of a second. The actuation is reversible for many cycles without losing its form and size, with unfolding at room temperature and folding above 35 degrees C. The system is promising for making 3D bioscaffolds, electrodes, and micro-/macroactuators.