Ecological distribution and function of comammox Nitrospira in the environment

Complete ammonia oxidizers (Comammox) are of great significance for studying nitrification and expanding the understanding of the nitrogen cycle. Moreover, Comammox bacteria are also crucial in natural and engineered environments due to their role in wastewater treatment and maintaining the flux of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. However, only few studies are there regarding the Comammox bacteria and their role in ammonia and nitrite oxidation in the environment. This review mainly focuses on summarizing the genomes of Nitrospira in the NCBI database. Ecological distribution of Nitrospira was also reviewed and the influence of environmental parameters on genus Nitrospira in different environments has been summarized. Furthermore, the role of Nitrospira in carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and sulfur cycle were discussed, especially the comammox Nitrospira. In addition, the overviews of current research and development regarding comammox Nitrospira, were summarized along with the scope of future research.

Automated summary

This article reviews the importance of Comammox bacteria in studying nitrification and expanding the understanding of the nitrogen cycle. It highlights their crucial role in wastewater treatment and greenhouse gas flux in natural and engineered environments. However, there is limited research on the Comammox bacteria and their role in ammonia and nitrite oxidation in the environment. The review focuses on summarizing the genomes of Nitrospira in the NCBI database, discussing the ecological distribution and the influence of environmental parameters on this genus, and exploring their role in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles.