Journal
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
Volume 27, Issue 6, Pages 1025-1038Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.02.018
Keywords
Tau; Beta amyloid peptide; Cholinergic system; Bone morphogenetic proteins; Central nervous system
Categories
Funding
- Canada Research Chair in Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems [213663]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [298359]
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The number of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) will increase as the world population ages, creating a huge socio-economic burden. The three pathophysiological hallmarks of AD are the cholinergic system dysfunction, the beta-amyloid peptide deposition and the Tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Current treatments have only transient effects and each tends to concentrate on a single pathophysiological aspect of AD. This review first provides an overall view of AD in terms of its pathophysiological symptoms and signaling dysfunction. We then examine the therapeutic potential of growth factors (GFs) by showing how they can overcome the dysfunctional cell signaling that occurs in AD. Finally, we discuss new alternatives to GFs that help overcome the problem of brain uptake, such as small peptides, with evidence from some of our unpublished data on human neuronal cell line. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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