Revealing the Interfacial Chemistry of Fluoride Alkyl Magnesium Salts in Magnesium Metal Batteries

Exploring promising electrolyte-system with high reversible Mg plating/stripping and excellent stability is essential for rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs). Fluoride alkyl magnesium salts (Mg(ORF)(2)) not only possess high solubility in ether solvents but also compatible with Mg metal anode, thus holding a vast application prospect. Herein, a series of diverse Mg(ORF)(2) were synthesized, among them, perfluoro-tert-butanol magnesium (Mg(PFTB)(2))/AlCl3/MgCl2 based electrolyte demonstrates highest oxidation stability, and promotes the in situ formation of robust solid electrolyte interface. Consequently, the fabricated symmetric cell sustains a long-term cycling over 2000 h, and the asymmetric cell exhibits a stable Coulombic efficiency of 99.5 % over 3000 cycles. Furthermore, the Mg||Mo6S8 full cell maintains a stable cycling over 500 cycles. This work presents guidance for understanding structure-property relationships and electrolyte applications of fluoride alkyl magnesium salts.

Automated summary

Exploring diverse Mg(ORF)(2) electrolytes, the Mg(PFTB)(2)/AlCl3/MgCl2 based electrolyte demonstrates the highest oxidation stability, enabling the formation of a robust solid electrolyte interface and long-term cycling of over 2000 hours for symmetric cells and stable Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% over 3000 cycles for asymmetric cells. Moreover, the Mg||Mo6S8 full cell maintains a stable cycling over 500 cycles. This work provides guidance for understanding the structure-property relationships and electrolyte applications of fluoride alkyl magnesium salts.