The effect of composition on chlorine solubility and behavior in silicate melts

We have performed experiments at 1.5 GPa and 1400 degrees C on 25 different bulk compositions to determine the effects of major element compositions on the Cl contents of silicate melts at known fugacities of Cl-2 and O-2. The experimental method involved mixing a sliding Cl buffer, a mixture of AgCl, AgI, and Ag with the silicate bulk composition and performing the experiment in a graphite capsule together with a source of CO2 (AgCO3). The graphite capsules were sealed inside welded Pt tubes to maintain a CO2-CO atmosphere with oxygen fugacity fixed at the C-CO-CO2 (CCO) buffer. During the experiment, the Cl buffer segregates leaving a Cl-bearing melt, which quenches to a glass. We used the results to define chloride capacity CCl for each melt at the pressure and temperature of the experiment: [GRAPHICS] . Chloride capacity was found to correlate positively with optical basicity and NBO/T and negatively with ionic porosity and the Larsen index. We combined our new data with the results of Thomas and Wood (2021) to derive an equation describing the composition, pressure and temperature dependence of the chloride capacity: [GRAPHICS] . In this equation, X-Ca, X-Si, and so on refer to the oxide mole fractions on a single-cation basis, P is in GPa and T in K. The equation reproduces 58 data points with an r(2) of 0.96 and a standard error of 0.089. The addition of literature data on hydrous experiments indicates that the effects of <4.3 wt% H2O are small enough to be ignored. We also performed experiments aimed at determining the conditions of NaCl saturation in melts. When combined with literature data we obtained: [GRAPHICS] . where (Cl-) is the Cl content of the melt in wt% alpha(NaCl) is the activity of NaCl (liquid) and the other symbols are the same as before. The results indicate that basalt dissolves similar to 8 times more Cl than rhyolite at a given NaCl activity i.e., Cl is similar to 8 times more soluble in basalt than in rhyolite.

Automated summary

Experiments were conducted at 1.5 GPa and 1400 degrees C to investigate the effects of major element compositions on the Cl contents of silicate melts. The results showed that chloride capacity correlated positively with optical basicity and NBO/T and negatively with ionic porosity and the Larsen index. An equation describing the composition, pressure and temperature dependence of the chloride capacity was derived and found to accurately reproduce the data points.