Maladaptive TGF-b Signals to the Alveolar Epithelium Drive Fibrosis after COVID-19 Infection

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Potential mechanisms for lung fibrosis associated with COVID-19 infection

T. Parimon et al.

Summary: Post-viral lung fibrosis due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is a serious complication without effective preventative or therapeutic measures. Infiltration of macrophages and monocytes is a key feature in promoting lung fibrosis. Understanding the regulatory signals and underlying pathogenic mechanisms is crucial for preventing tissue remodeling.

QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2023)

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Letter Critical Care Medicine

Novel Insight into Pulmonary Fibrosis and Long COVID

Jan C. Kamp et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Residual Lung Abnormalities after COVID-19 Hospitalization Interim Analysis of the UKILD Post-COVID-19 Study

Iain Stewart et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the data from the UK Interstitial Lung Disease Consortium (UKILD) post-COVID-19 study to estimate the prevalence of residual lung abnormalities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The results showed that approximately 11% of recovered COVID-19 patients had residual lung abnormalities, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Pathology

Fatal COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Is Associated with Incomplete Alveolar Type 1 Epithelial Cell Differentiation from the Transitional State without Fibrosis

Christopher Ting et al.

Summary: Research has found that there are abundant transitional cells without fibrosis in the lungs of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which may lead to persistent barrier permeability and respiratory failure. The study also found that transitional cells in mouse models express specific senescence markers in fibrosis state.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Nanoparticle targeting of de novo profibrotic macrophages mitigates lung fibrosis

Abhalaxmi Singh et al.

Summary: This study explores the potential of mannose-targeted nanoparticles for treating lung fibrosis by delivering TGF beta-siRNA into profibrotic macrophages, inhibiting the development of fibrosis.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profibrotic macrophage responses and lung fibrosis

Daniel Wendisch et al.

Summary: Analysis of pulmonary immune responses and lung pathology in patients with COVID-19 ARDS revealed an accumulation of profibrotic macrophages and similarities with macrophage populations in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 induced a profibrotic phenotype in human monocytes, suggesting a mechanistic link between the virus and fibroproliferative ARDS.

CELL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Untimely TGFβ responses in COVID-19 limit antiviral functions of NK cells

Mario Witkowski et al.

Summary: Research shows that the status of NK cells in COVID-19 patients is negatively correlated with viral load, and NK cells can control SARS-CoV-2 replication by recognizing infected target cells. In severe COVID-19 patients, NK cells exhibit defects in virus control, cytokine production, and cell-mediated cytotoxicity despite high expression of cytotoxic effector molecules.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 in severe COVID-19 induces a TGF-β-dominated chronic immune response that does not target itself

Marta Ferreira-Gomes et al.

Summary: The study found that in severe COVID-19 patients, plasmablasts shift from IFN to TGF-beta instruction to produce IgA antibodies that are not specific to dominant SARS-CoV-2 antigens.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Letter Critical Care Medicine

Ineffectual Type 2-to-Type 1 Alveolar Epithelial Cell Differentiation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Persistence of the KRT8hi Transitional State

Peng Jiang et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Immunology

Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages drive lung fibrosis and persist in the lung over the life span

Alexander V. Misharin et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2017)

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Maladaptive TGF-b Signals to the Alveolar Epithelium Drive Fibrosis after COVID-19 Infection

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