Update in Outpatient General Internal Medicine: Practice-Changing Evidence Published in 2022

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Diet or medication in primary care patients with IBS: the DOMINO study - a randomised trial supported by the Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE Trials Programme) and the Rome Foundation Research Institute

Florencia Carbone et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of a FODMAP-lowering diet application versus a spasmolytic agent in improving symptoms of IBS in primary care. The results showed that the FODMAP-lowering diet application was superior to the spasmolytic agent in improving IBS symptoms, suggesting it should be considered as the first-line treatment for IBS in primary care.

GUT (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Karina W. Davidson et al.

Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the US, and aspirin is used for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. According to the latest recommendations from the US Preventive Services Task Force, low-dose aspirin use has a small net benefit for adults aged 40 to 59 years with a 10% or greater 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. However, there is no net benefit from initiating low-dose aspirin use for adults aged 60 years or older.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Pharmacological Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation

Lin Chang et al.

Summary: This study aims to provide recommendations to support practitioners in the pharmacological management of IBS-C. The results indicate a strong recommendation for linaclotide and conditional recommendations for other medications.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Pharmacological Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Diarrhea

Anthony Lembo et al.

Summary: This article presents medication management guidelines for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The guidelines provide 8 recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of IBS-D patients, and evaluate the evidence and certainty of different medications.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Spotlight: IBS Treatment

Lin Chang et al.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

What's preventing us from curbing the obesity crisis?

[Anonymous]

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association of the Weekend Warrior and Other Leisure-time Physical Activity Patterns With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality A Nationwide Cohort Study

Mauricio dos Santos et al.

Summary: This large prospective cohort study suggests that individuals who engage in active patterns of physical activity, whether as weekend warriors or regularly active participants, have lower mortality rates compared to inactive individuals. When considering the total amount of physical activity, there were no significant differences in all-cause and cause-specific mortality between weekend warriors and regularly active participants.

JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Comparative Effectiveness and Safety Between Apixaban, Dabigatran, Edoxaban, and Rivaroxaban Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Multinational Population-Based Cohort Study

Wallis C. Y. Lau et al.

Summary: This study compared the use of all DOACs in a large multinational population and found that apixaban was associated with a lower risk of gastrointestinal bleeding compared to other DOACs. There were no significant differences in the rates of ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and all-cause mortality. These findings were consistent in older patients and those with chronic kidney disease, who are often underrepresented in clinical trials.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Use of 15-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among U.S. Children: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022

Miwako Kobayashi et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity

Ania M. Jastreboff et al.

Summary: In this 72-week trial in participants with obesity, once-weekly doses of 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg of tirzepatide provided substantial and sustained reductions in body weight, and improvements in cardiometabolic measures were also observed.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity

John P. H. Wilding et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that for individuals with obesity, once-weekly use of 2.4 mg semaglutide in combination with lifestyle intervention can lead to sustained and clinically relevant weight loss, with significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors and physical functioning reported by participants.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology