☆ 4.8 Review

Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

ACS NANO (2023)

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Electronic Textiles for Wearable Point-of-Care Systems

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Ultrastretchable and Self-Healing Conductors with Double Dynamic Network for Omni-Healable Capacitive Strain Sensors

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Summary: This article presents an extremely stretchable and self-healing conductor material that combines hard and soft tactics to achieve high stretchability and self-repair capability. By sandwiching the conductor with a newly developed dielectric, an ultrahigh stretchable and omni-healable capacitive strain sensor is demonstrated for the first time, showing great potentials in the field of wearable electronics and soft robotics.

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Programmable living assembly of materials by bacterial adhesion

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Summary: The study successfully demonstrated the programmed self-assembly of bacterial populations using engineered adhesion, resulting in the development of versatile, programmable, self-healing living materials. The materials have fast recovery capabilities and can be used to create wearable sensors for detecting bio signals.

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Soft-lock drawing of super-aligned carbon nanotube bundles for nanometre electrical contacts

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Summary: In this study, a non-destructive soft-lock drawing method was developed to assemble high-density horizontal arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The assembled CNT bundles were then used as nanometer electrical contacts in high-density monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) transistors, demonstrating their potential for future electronic devices and advanced integration technologies.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Industrial scale production of fibre batteries by a solution-extrusion method

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Summary: Fibre batteries are a promising technology that can be woven into flexible textiles to create compact, wearable and lightweight power solutions. However, current manufacturing methods are inefficient and cannot meet the demands of real applications. We have developed a new solution-extrusion method that can produce continuous fibre batteries at high production rates. Our method has achieved a three-orders-of-magnitude increase in fibre length compared to previous reports.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Temperature sensing using junctions between mobile ions and mobile electrons

Yecheng Wang et al.

Summary: This article presents a stretchable and self-powered temperature sensing method that utilizes the charge imbalance between ions and electrons to detect temperature changes. It demonstrates high sensitivity and fast response time.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Reconfigurable perovskite nickelate electronics for artificial intelligence

Hai-Tian Zhang et al.

Summary: This work demonstrates the on-demand creation of artificial neurons, synapses, and memory capacitors in post-fabricated perovskite NdNiO3 devices through single-shot electric pulses, utilizing the sensitivity of perovskite nickelates to the local distribution of hydrogen ions. Experimental data from memory capacitors, along with simulation results of a reservoir computing framework, show excellent performance for tasks such as digit recognition and classification of electrocardiogram heartbeat activity. Reconfigurable artificial neurons and synapses outperform static networks for incremental learning scenarios, showcasing the potential of adaptive networks in brain-inspired computing.

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IGZO-based neuromorphic transistors with temperature-dependent synaptic plasticity and spiking logics

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Summary: Temperature is a significant factor that affects the properties of synaptic devices, and its study is important for neuromorphic computing and bionic perception. This research proposes indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) based electrical-double-layer neuromorphic transistors for the emulation of temperature-dependent synaptic functions. The experimental results demonstrate the temperature-induced spiking AND to OR logic switching in an IGZO-based neuromorphic transistor with two in-plane gate electrodes.

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Human brain mapping with multithousand-channel PtNRGrids resolves spatiotemporal dynamics

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Fully Printed Stretchable and Multifunctional E-Textiles for Aesthetic Wearable Electronic Systems

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Summary: This study reports a new multifunctional e-textile fabricated via screen printing, which exhibits good flexibility, wear resistance, and water resistance. The printed e-textiles have potential applications in strain sensors and thermal management, providing new opportunities for the development of wearable electronics and smart clothing.

SMALL (2022)

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All-Nanofiber-Based Janus Epidermal Electrode with Directional Sweat Permeability for Artifact-Free Biopotential Monitoring

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SMALL (2022)

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Drawn-on-Skin Sensors from Fully Biocompatible Inks toward High-Quality Electrophysiology

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Summary: This article presents a novel, fully biocompatible electronics fabricated on the skin for multiple cell types and tissues, which can capture electrophysiological signals with high fidelity and has improved mechanical and electrical properties. The drawn-on-skin ink shows excellent biocompatibility and holds potential for personalized, long-term, and accurate electrophysiological health monitoring.

SMALL (2022)

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Organic electrochemical neurons and synapses with ion mediated spiking

Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh et al.

Summary: This study presents the development of organic electrochemical neurons (OECNs) with ion-modulated spiking, based on all-printed complementary organic electrochemical transistors. The OECNs demonstrate facile bio-integration with Venus Flytrap, showing potential for integration with biological signaling systems. The integration of artificial neuromorphic devices with biological systems is of fundamental importance for future brain-machine interfaces, prosthetics, and intelligent soft robotics.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A star-nose-like tactile-olfactory bionic sensing array for robust object recognition in non-visual environments

Mengwei Liu et al.

Summary: This article introduces an AI-assisted high-performance object recognition method, the tactile-olfactory intelligent sensing system, which is based on the rapid development of sensing and computational capabilities. The system can real-time acquire the local topography, stiffness, and odor of various objects without visual input, and achieved an accuracy of 96.9% in classifying 11 typical objects in a simulated rescue scenario.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Smart textile lighting/display system with multifunctional fibre devices for large scale smart home and IoT applications

Hyung Woo Choi et al.

Summary: This study presents a foldable, rollable smart textile lighting/display system that integrates multifunctional fiber devices into textile form factors. The system is flexible, bendable, and capable of touch sensing, photodetection, environmental/biosignal monitoring, and energy storage. This innovative design provides the foundation for highly functional smart lighting/display textiles with revolutionary applications in smart homes and IoT.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Solution-processable, soft, self-adhesive, and conductive polymer composites for soft electronics

Peng Tan et al.

Summary: In this study, the authors report a self-adhesive conductive polymer with low modulus, high stretchability, high interfacial adhesion, and high conductivity. The polymer is fabricated by doping a composite with a supramolecular solvent. It shows promising applications in various soft devices, enabling the reading and display of physiological electric signals during daily activities.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Highly Precise, Continuous, Long-Term Monitoring of Skin Electrical Resistance by Nanomesh Electrodes

Akihito Miyamoto et al.

Summary: A method is reported for continuous monitoring of skin electrical resistance and transepidermal water loss, which can evaluate the barrier function of the skin and reflect the dynamic changes of skin physiology.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Optics

Blood glucose sensors and recent advances: A review

Zhiqing Peng et al.

Summary: Blood glucose concentration is an important index for diagnosing diabetes, and traditional glucose meters have limitations. Wearable devices have become a research focus for continuous monitoring. This review discusses the mechanisms of different glucose sensors and summarizes wearable products on the market.

JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Functionalized Fiber-Based Strain Sensors: Pathway to Next-Generation Wearable Electronics

Zekun Liu et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the latest advances in fiber-based wearable strain sensors, including the methods for preparing conductive fibers, the fabrication and sensing mechanisms of state-of-the-art sensors, and their applications in various fields. It also critically analyzes the challenges and future prospects of fiber-based strain sensors.

NANO-MICRO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

An ultra-low hysteresis, self-healing and stretchable conductor based on dynamic disulfide covalent adaptable networks

Weibo Kong et al.

Summary: A stretchable, self-healing, and ultra-low hysteresis conductor based on dynamic crosslinked polyurethane polymer with disulfide covalent adaptable networks (CANs) was developed. It exhibits excellent mechanical performance, self-healing efficiency, and offers a promising solution to mechanical damage and hysteresis issues in stretchable electronic systems.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A bioinspired three-dimensional integrated e-skin for multiple mechanical stimuli recognition

Xiangwen Zeng et al.

Summary: The study introduces a bioinspired e-skin that can independently measure strain, shear, and pressure with direction information. The sensors possess high sensitivity and fast response, allowing real-time recording and mapping of multiple mechanical stimuli. The potential applications include wearables, robotics, and bionic prostheses.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Bandage based energy generators activated by sweat in wireless skin electronics for continuous physiological monitoring

Yiming Liu et al.

Summary: The study introduces a thin, flexible sweat-activated battery with high power density and impressive energy capacity, capable of long-term application on human skin without irritation.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Stretchable and transparent multimodal electronic-skin sensors in detecting strain, temperature, and humidity

Liangren Chen et al.

Summary: This study develops a stretchable and transparent multimodal electronic skin sensor with multiple sensing capabilities in strain, temperature, and humidity. The sensor exhibits high stretchability and outstanding transparency, as well as a wide strain sensing range, rapid response, high-precision thermosensation, and excellent humidity sensing performance. Moreover, the sensor possesses excellent recyclability.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-powered stretchable strain sensors for motion monitoring and wireless control

Shengbin Li et al.

Summary: The self-powered and highly elastic strain sensor is able to monitor human motion while relying on energy harvested from body movement. It has a max short-circuit current of 2 mA and peak power of 20 mu W, making it suitable for driving conventional low-power electronics. The sensor has applications in wearable electronics, fitness monitoring, and wireless control of robotic hands.

NANO ENERGY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advances in materials and devices for mimicking sensory adaptation

Zihan He et al.

Summary: Adaptive devices, that can autonomically adjust electrical behaviors according to external stimuli, possess unique features in exhibiting dynamic fitness to varying environments, making them attractive candidates for next-generation artificial perception systems. Recent advances in materials and devices for mimicking sensory adaptation have been made by focusing on developing new materials, functional interfaces and novel device geometry for sensory perception applications.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable Sweat-Activated Battery in Skin-Integrated Electronics for Continuous Wireless Sweat Monitoring

Yiming Liu et al.

Summary: Wearable electronics have gained extensive attention for their potential applications in health monitoring. However, conventional battery technology faces limitations. To address this issue, researchers have developed a sweat-activated biocompatible battery with high capacity and power density, enabling long-term powering of wearable devices.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Electronic skin as wireless human-machine interfaces for robotic VR

Yiming Liu et al.

Summary: The importance of developing intelligent robotics to prevent the spread of infectious diseases has been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study presents a closed-loop human-machine interface (HMI) system based on skin-integrated electronics, which allows wireless motion capturing and haptic feedback. The integration of visual and haptic virtual reality (VR) through skin-integrated electronics shows great potential in noncontact collection of bio samples and nursing infectious disease patients.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Wearable aptamer-field-effect transistor sensing system for noninvasive cortisol monitoring

Bo Wang et al.

Summary: A flexible field-effect transistor biosensor array was developed to track and monitor the stress biomarker cortisol present in sweat at low concentrations. The array utilized a cortisol aptamer coupled to nanometer-thin-film In2O3 FETs to transduce molecular recognition into electrical signals, enabling real-time cortisol sweat sensing.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

3D-printed flexible organic light-emitting diode displays

Ruitao Su et al.

Summary: Researchers demonstrate a multimodal printing methodology to fully 3D-print flexible organic light-emitting diode displays. The method improves layer uniformity and increases contact area of polymer-metal junctions, resulting in all pixels successfully turning on.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Materials for Dry Electrodes for the Electroencephalography: Advances, Challenges, Perspectives

Liangtao Yang et al.

Summary: Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely used in brain cognition, clinical diagnosis, and artificial intelligence, but the traditional Ag/AgCl electrode requires complex pre-preparation. Therefore, the development of dry electrodes is urgently needed to simplify the testing process and improve subject comfort.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Scalable and modular wireless-network infrastructure for large-scale behavioural neuroscience

Raza Qazi et al.

Summary: This study presents a scalable and modular hardware and software infrastructure for remotely operating programmable miniaturized wireless networks to study the long-term behavior of large groups of rodents.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Research Article An Artificial Reflex Arc That Perceives Afferent Visual and Tactile Information and Controls Efferent Muscular Actions

Lin Sun et al.

Summary: This study presents a neuroinspired artificial reflex arc system that utilizes neural perception and action to respond to external stimuli. By simulating a complete reflex arc, this system encodes and processes neural information, and controls the movements of artificial muscles, demonstrating potential for the development of soft neurorobotic systems and prostheses.

RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Robotics

Dynamic tactility by position-encoded spike spectrum

Taeyeong Kim et al.

Summary: The study proposes an artificial dynamic sensory system based on position-encoded spike spectrum, which achieves high-resolution spatiotemporal tactile perception and real-time recognition of complex dynamic motions.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Mechanical

Artificial stretchable armor for skin-interfaced wearable devices and soft robotics

Jungil Choi et al.

Summary: This article introduces a class of artificial armor inspired by natural armor of animals such as the armadillo and pangolin, with an optimization process involving testing mechanical stability of different design candidates. The resulting platforms provide highly effective protection layers for wearable electronic devices and soft robotic systems, maintaining mechanical compliance.

EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Bioinspired in-sensor visual adaptation for accurate perception

Fuyou Liao et al.

Summary: This study presents bioinspired vision sensors based on molybdenum disulfide phototransistors that mimic the adaptive behavior of human eyes. By introducing charge trap states, the photosensitivity of the devices can be dynamically modulated under different lighting conditions, providing highly localized and dynamic modulation of photosensitivity at the pixel level and creating an effective perception range of up to 199 dB.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-powered and wearable biosensors for healthcare

Xiaolong Zeng et al.

Summary: This article highlights the importance of integrating energy collection and storage modules with wearable biosensors to achieve self-powered health information acquisition; summarizes the sensing mechanisms of electrochemical biosensors and the research progress of self-powered biosensing systems; discusses energy management strategies, key challenges, and prospects.

MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Breath Monitoring

Sophia Shen et al.

Summary: Breathing is crucial for human survival and exhaled breath can reflect physical health and be measured for physiological monitoring. Wearable breath monitoring devices based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been developed for chemical sensing, physical sensing, and as a power source for renewable energy.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanical sensors based on two-dimensional materials: Sensing mechanisms, structural designs and wearable applications

Tingting Yang et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the latest developments in mechanical sensors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials from the perspective of function-oriented applications. The review introduces typical mechanical sensing mechanisms and attempts to establish a correspondence between typical structure designs and the performance/multi-functions of the devices. Promising areas for potential applications are discussed, and perspectives on current challenges and future opportunities are presented.

ISCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Self-assembled peptides-modified flexible field-effect transistors for tyrosinase detection

Huihui Ren et al.

Summary: Flexible biosensors capable of real-time, non-invasive monitoring of cancer biomarkers are of great interest. In this study, high-performance tyrosinase-sensing field-effect transistor-based biosensors were successfully developed, with ultra-low detection limit and good mechanical flexibility.

ISCIENCE (2022)

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Review Polymer Science

Extrusion 3D printing of conjugated polymers

Alex Chortos

Summary: Conjugated polymers are utilized in various applications such as biointerfaces, actuators, and energy storage, benefiting from their ability to transport ions and electronic currents in 3D structures. Extrusion-based 3D printing is a versatile approach compatible with multimaterial fabrication processes, allowing for the fabrication of conjugated polymers with different properties by adjusting ink designs. This review summarizes the progress in 3D printed conjugated polymers using three extrusion printing processes and discusses strategies for modifying ink rheology and conductivity for direct ink writing.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Three-Dimensional Printable, Highly Conductive Ionic Elastomers for High-Sensitivity Iontronics

Qingning Li et al.

Summary: The development of hydrogels and ionic gels in fields such as soft electronics and wearable sensors is hindered by issues like liquid evaporation and leakage. Ionic conductors without volatile liquids are better options, and this study introduces a liquid polymer electrolyte (LPE) and a solvent-free ionic elastomer (IE). The IE, created through photopolymerization, shows improved conductivity and stretchability with the presence of a high content of lithium salt. The light-curing 3D printing allows for pattern design capability of the IE.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanocellulose Paper Semiconductor with a 3D Network Structure and Its Nano-Micro-Macro Trans-Scale Design

Hirotaka Koga et al.

Summary: Semiconducting nanomaterials with 3D network structures possess various attractive properties, but their structural design and electrical conductivity tunability are limited. To address this issue, a pyrolyzed cellulose nanofiber paper (CNP) semiconductor with a 3D network structure is proposed, which achieves nano-micro-macro trans-scale structural design and wide and systematic tunability of electrical conductivity.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Graded Interlocks for Iontronic Pressure Sensors with High Sensitivity and High Linearity over a Broad Range

Ningning Bai et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed an iontronic flexible pressure sensor that achieves high sensitivity, linear response, and a wide pressure range. The sensor has a fast response time, allowing it to detect high-frequency vibration signals, and has been used to recognize objects with different weights.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Electronic Catheter Based on Nanofibers for the In Vivo Elimination of Circulating Tumor Cells

Dou Wang et al.

Summary: This study reports a flexible electronic catheter that can capture and kill circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with high efficiency. The catheter is assembled from nanofibers with liquid metal-polymer conductor (MPC) electrodes and modified with an epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibody to improve specificity. In a rabbit model, the catheter showed 100% killing efficiency for captured CTCs without noticeable damage to normal cells and organs. This electronic catheter offers an alternative strategy for enhancing clinical cancer therapy.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Soft Capacitive Pressure Sensors: Trends, Challenges, and Perspectives

Kyoung-Ho Ha et al.

Summary: Capacitive pressure sensors are critical in soft robotics and bioelectronics. However, practical application of soft CPS still faces challenges of sensitivity decay and coupled response between in-plane stretch and out-of-plane pressure.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Giant Magnetoelastic Effect Enabled Stretchable Sensor for Self-Powered Biomonitoring

Xun Zhao et al.

Summary: This study presents a self-powered waterproof biomechanical sensor with stretchability, utilizing the giant magnetoelastic effect in a soft polymer system. By manipulating the magnetic dipole alignment, the sensor achieves a wide sensing range and demonstrates excellent performance in cardiovascular monitoring and heart disease diagnosis.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Scalable Thousand Channel Penetrating Microneedle Arrays on Flex for Multimodal and Large Area Coverage BrainMachine Interfaces

Sang Heon Lee et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the development of a scalable silicon microneedle array that allows for high-resolution recording of neural activity. The array is flexible and optically transparent, enabling simultaneous optical and electrophysiological interrogation. It has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of brain function and contribute to the development of brain-machine interfaces.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface Wettability for Skin-Interfaced Sensors and Devices

Xiufeng Wang et al.

Summary: This review highlights the importance of rational design of surface wettability in skin-interfaced sensors and devices to maintain device integrity and enhance sensing performance. Various bioinspired strategies have been used to engineer desired surface wettability for different hydrated conditions. Controlling the liquid behavior on device surfaces through surface wettability design allows for effective collection and analysis of health biomarkers, as well as improved performance of energy harvesters.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Robust Memristive Fiber for Woven Textile Memristor

Yue Liu et al.

Summary: This study reports a high-performing and reliable textile memristor made of robust Pt/CsPbBr3 fibers through an electric-field-assisted assembly method. The textile memristor exhibits excellent performance and reproducibility, and can be seamlessly integrated with textile electronics, providing an effective interactive interface for intelligent healthcare.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Encapsulation of Flexible Bioelectronic Implants: Materials, Technologies, and Characterization Methods

Massimo Mariello et al.

Summary: This article reviews recent advances in encapsulation technologies for bioelectronic implantable systems, with a focus on thin-film encapsulation as a flexible alternative. The article also discusses quantitative characterization methods of TFE and its integration into functional bioelectronic interfaces.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Deep-Learning-Assisted On-Mask Sensor Network for Adaptive Respiratory Monitoring

Yunsheng Fang et al.

Summary: Wearable respiratory monitoring is a fast, non-invasive, and convenient approach to detect early human health abnormalities. By developing a computational fluid dynamics assisted on-mask sensor network and utilizing deep learning, accurate respiration pattern recognition and real-time data-driven diagnosis can be achieved, opening up new avenues for personalized respiration management.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Upcycling Silicon Photovoltaic Waste into Thermoelectrics

Jing Cao et al.

Summary: With the increasing number of end-of-life solar panels, the recycling of precious metals like silver and copper has become common practice. However, the majority of the silicon used in solar cells ends up in landfills due to the difficulty and cost of purifying waste silicon. This research presents a breakthrough in upcycling silicon from photovoltaic waste into thermoelectric materials, offering potential for a circular economy for photovoltaics and electronic waste.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Photoelectric Spiking Neuron for Visual Depth Perception

Chunsheng Chen et al.

Summary: This study presents a highly bio-realistic photoelectric spiking neuron for visual depth perception. By utilizing memristive spiking encoders and a network of neuromorphic transistors, it imitates the distance-dependent response and eye fatigue of biological visual systems.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bimetallic Nanocatalysts Immobilized in Nanoporous Hydrogels for Long-Term Robust Continuous Glucose Monitoring of Smart Contact Lens

Su-Kyoung Kim et al.

Summary: Smart contact lenses for continuous glucose monitoring have the potential to greatly impact clinical practice. The use of bimetallic nanocatalysts immobilized in nanoporous hydrogels enables long-term robust monitoring in diabetic rabbits, resulting in high sensitivity and fast response time.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Strain-Driven Auto-Detachable Patterning of Flexible Electrodes

Zhisheng Lv et al.

Summary: This paper presents a shrinkage-assisted patterning method for fabricating multilayer, multimaterial, and conformal electrodes. The method utilizes evaporation-induced strain mismatch to print high-resolution, patterned, and multilayer electrodes. The electrodes can auto-detach from the filtration membrane due to the mismatch between the electrode and membrane strains. The method shows potential for high-energy density micro-supercapacitors and stable digital circuits on deformed surfaces.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Open-Environment Tactile Sensing System: Toward Simple and Efficient Material Identification

Xuelian Wei et al.

Summary: This study proposes an intelligent tactile sensing system that combines TENG and deep-learning technology to achieve stable and accurate material identification. The system shows significant advantages in cognitive learning, biomimetic prosthetics, and virtual space construction.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Multitasking Flexible Sensor via Reservoir Computing

Seiji Wakabayashi et al.

Summary: Flooding caused by heavy rain is a major cause of damage to cities worldwide. Collecting and sharing local weather information can help save lives. However, it is challenging to collect real-time data due to the need for expensive sensors. To address this issue, a flexible rain sensor using laser-induced graphene-based superhydrophobic conductive film is developed, allowing for continuous monitoring of waterdrop volume and wind velocity. The results demonstrate the feasibility of multitasking electronics with low power consumption, simplifying sensor integration.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable Redox-Active Semiconducting Polymers for High-Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Yahao Dai et al.

Summary: Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have high amplification and sensitivity to biological signals, making them a promising platform for next-generation bioelectronics. However, achieving seamless tissue-electronics interfaces with softness and stretchability has been a challenge due to the lack of stretchable redox-active semiconducting polymers. This study reports a stretchable semiconductor for OECT devices, which exhibits exceptional stretchability and high OECT performance. The polymer's design features, including a nonlinear backbone architecture, moderate side-chain density, and high molecular weight, enable the combination of stretchability and OECT performance. The highly stretchable polymer semiconductor allows for fabricating intrinsically stretchable OECTs with high transconductance and biaxial stretchability, and demonstrates on-skin electrocardiogram recording with built-in amplification and unprecedented skin conformability.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Ceramic-Electrolyte Glucose Fuel Cell for Implantable Electronics

Philipp Simons et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a ceramic-based micro-glucose fuel cell that achieves unprecedented miniaturization and provides a reliable power source for the next generation of highly miniaturized implantable medical devices.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Heterogeneously Integrated Spiking Neuron Array for Multimode-Fused Perception and Object Classification

Jiaxue Zhu et al.

Summary: This paper reports a compact multimode-fused spiking neuron that achieves human-like multisensory perception with excellent data compression and conversion capabilities. It supports multimodal tactile perception and has been validated for practical applications in tactile pattern recognition and object classification.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable, Breathable, and Stable Lead-Free Perovskite/Polymer Nanofiber Composite for Hybrid Triboelectric and Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

Feng Jiang et al.

Summary: This study presents a lead-free perovskite-based nanofiber composite (LPPS-NFC) as a stretchable, breathable, and stable material for energy harvesting. The LPPS-NFC demonstrates excellent electrical output and mechanical properties, making it a promising material for wearable devices that convert mechanical energy into electrical power.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Asymmetric Hygroscopic Structure for Moisture-Driven Hygro-Ionic Electricity Generation and Storage

Yaoxin Zhang et al.

Summary: This paper reports an asymmetric hygroscopic structure (AHS) that achieves energy harvesting and storage from moisture absorption. The AHS exploits wet-dry asymmetry generated by water absorption to produce an in-plane electric field. The capacitive properties of AHS are attributed to the development of an electrical double layer (EDL) over the carbon surface through a hygro-ionic process. The AHS can be recharged either by self-regeneration or external electrical means, showing potential for electronics powering in assembled devices.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Biophysics

Machine learning-assisted E-jet printing for manufacturing of organic flexible electronics

Mehran Abbasi Shirsavar et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of key parameters on the conductivity of E-jet printed circuits and develops a machine learning model using collected experimental data to predict the characteristics of the printed circuits. Results show that the K-NN model and random forest are the best methods for classifying electrode conductivity.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Biophysics

A gold nanowire-integrated soft wearable system for dynamic continuous non-invasive cardiac monitoring

Shu Gong et al.

Summary: This study reports a lightweight and user-friendly non-invasive wearable cardiac sensing system based on deformation-insensitive conductive gold nanowire foam and pressure-sensitive resistive gold nanowire electronic skin. The system enables real-time recording of electrocardiogram and artery pulses under dynamic real-world settings, and can also estimate blood pressure using machine learning algorithms.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Tunable Plasticity in Printed Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistors by Contact Engineering

Kun Liang et al.

Summary: This article achieves optoelectronic synaptic transistors with tunable plasticity by utilizing printed indium tin oxide (ITO) channel and Ag/ITO dual-layer contact electrodes. Both the short- and long-term plasticity in the printed ITO synaptic TFTs are emulated under the synergistic electrical and optical modulation. These achievements are of great significance for applying printed synaptic transistors in optoelectronic neuromorphic hardware.

IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS (2022)

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Review Physiology

PRINCIPLES OF ODOR CODING IN VERTEBRATES AND ARTIFICIAL CHEMOSENSORY SYSTEMS

Ivan Manzini et al.

Summary: Biological and artificial olfactory systems share similarities in input, receptor neuron/sensor functions, and processing steps, but differ significantly in the handling of receptor neuron outputs, especially with a lack of research on signal processing stages in the higher olfactory centers in electronic noses.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Transient, Implantable, Ultrathin Biofuel Cells Enabled by Laser-Induced Graphene and Gold Nanoparticles Composite

Xingcan Huang et al.

Summary: This study reports high-performance transient glucose enzymatic biofuel cells based on laser-induced graphene and gold nanoparticles composite electrodes. The cells exhibit excellent biocompatibility and transient performance, allowing long-term implantation for energy harvesting.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Label-Free Spectroscopic SARS-CoV-2 Detection on VersatileNanoimprinted Substrates

Debadrita Paria et al.

Summary: The study reports a large-scale and label-free testing platform that combines surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and machine learning for rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2. The technique can not only distinguish between different types of viruses, but also detect virus signatures in human saliva without additional sample preparation.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Implantable Aptamer-Graphene Microtransistors for Real-TimeMonitoring of Neurochemical Release in Vivo

Guangfu Wu et al.

Summary: This study presents a soft implantable aptamer-graphene microtransistor probe for real-time monitoring of neurochemical release, demonstrating improved spatial resolution and selectivity with high sensitivity. The developed system shows capability in effectively monitoring dopamine release dynamics and has potential applications in basic neuroscience studies and research on neurological disease processes.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In Situ Deposition of Skin-Adhesive Liquid Metal Particles with Robust Wear Resistance for Epidermal Electronics

Li Ding et al.

Summary: Comfort and mechanical stability are crucial for everyday use of epidermal electronics. In this study, we achieved robust wear resistance by in situ depositing skin-adhesive liquid metal particles (ALMP) to fabricate epidermal electronics. The ALMP coating offers imperceptible and comfortable wearing experience due to its stretchability, conformality, permeability, and thinness.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Wind dispersal of battery-free wireless devices

Vikram Iyer et al.

Summary: Plants have mechanisms to disperse seeds using wind, and researchers have developed battery-free wireless sensing devices inspired by dandelion seeds. These devices, powered by lightweight solar cells, can move in outdoor environments and collect data.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A tissue-like neurotransmitter sensor for the brain and gut

Jinxing Li et al.

Summary: Neurotransmitters play crucial roles in regulating neural circuit dynamics in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. However, there is a lack of bioelectronic tools for real-time monitoring of neurotransmitter dynamics in vivo, especially in the enteric nervous system. In this study, the researchers developed a tissue-mimicking, stretchable neurochemical biological interface called NeuroString, which allows chronic in vivo real-time monitoring of monoamine levels in the brain and serotonin dynamics in the gut. This interface has the potential for studying the impact of neurotransmitters on gut microbes and brain-gut communication.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An on-chip photonic deep neural network for image classification

Farshid Ashtiani et al.

Summary: This study presents an integrated photonic deep neural network that performs image classification with sub-nanosecond classification time. Optical waves are directly processed to achieve linear computation in each neuron and opto-electronically realized non-linear activation functions, resulting in comparable computation speed and scalability with digital platforms.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Perovskite-organic tandem solar cells with indium oxide interconnect

K. O. Brinkmann et al.

Summary: Multijunction solar cells can surpass the efficiency limits of single-junction devices. Metal halide perovskite solar cells, in combination with silicon and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) or as all-perovskite tandems, have shown promising results. Narrow-gap non-fullerene acceptors have also significantly improved the efficiencies of organic solar cells. In this study, perovskite-organic tandem cells with high efficiency and voltage are demonstrated, utilizing optimized charge extraction layers and an ultrathin metal-like indium oxide layer for interconnection. This milestone work outperforms the best perovskite single junctions and is comparable to perovskite-CIGS and all-perovskite multijunctions.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Single fibre enables acoustic fabrics via nanometre-scale vibrations

Wei Yan et al.

Summary: Inspired by the auditory system, this study introduces a fabric that functions as a sensitive microphone while retaining the traditional qualities of fabrics. The fabric utilizes high-Young's modulus textile yarns and thermally drawn composite piezoelectric fibers to convert tenuous pressure waves at audible frequencies into electrical signals. The results show that nanometer-level vibrational modes in the fabric are responsible for the electrical output of the fibers. Applications of this study include measuring the direction of acoustic impulses, establishing bidirectional communication between fabrics, and auscultating cardiac sound signals.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Transitioning organizations to post-quantum cryptography

David Joseph et al.

Summary: The development of quantum computers highlights the importance of research on Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) algorithms, as traditional public key encryption may be compromised. PQC algorithms involve various aspects such as transition timelines, strategies for protecting systems against quantum attacks, and combining pre-quantum cryptography with PQC to minimize transition risks.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Phase-change memtransistive synapses for mixed-plasticity neural computations

Syed Ghazi Sarwat et al.

Summary: Phase-change memtransistive synapses with tunable plasticities are introduced, combining the non-volatility of phase configurations and volatility of field-effect modulation. These synapses can model dynamic environments and accelerate the solving of combinatorial optimization problems in Hopfield neural networks.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Artificial neuromorphic cognitive skins based on distributed biaxially stretchable elastomeric synaptic transistors

Hyunseok Shim et al.

Summary: This paper introduces artificial neuromorphic cognitive skins based on elastomeric materials, which can achieve functions such as image memorization and programming through excitatory postsynaptic currents and paired-pulse facilitation index. It has important applications in robotics, wearables, skin prosthetics, and bioelectronics.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A touch-based multimodal and cryptographic bio-human-machine interface

Shuyu Lin et al.

Summary: The awareness of individuals' biological status is crucial for the creation of interactive and adaptive environments. A multimodal cryptographic bio-human-machine interface (CB-HMI) is developed to translate user's touch-based entries into encrypted biochemical, biophysical, and biometric indices, allowing for user authentication and decryption. By upgrading common objects with CB-HMI, interactive solutions for driving safety and medication use can be achieved.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly stretchable van der Waals thin films for adaptable and breathable electronic membranes

Zhuocheng Yan et al.

Summary: The conformal integration of electronic systems with irregular, soft objects is crucial for emerging technologies. This study presents the design of van der Waals thin films made of staggered two-dimensional nanosheets, which have bond-free interfaces. These films have sliding and rotation degrees of freedom among the nanosheets, ensuring mechanical stretchability and malleability, as well as a network of nanochannels for permeability and breathability. The films can adapt to the surface topography and seamlessly merge with living organisms, enabling electronic functions such as leaf-gate and skin-gate transistors.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Topological supramolecular network enabled high-conductivity, stretchable organic bioelectronics

Yuanwen Jiang et al.

Summary: By using a molecular engineering strategy based on a topological supramolecular network, we have developed intrinsically stretchable bioelectronic devices with high conductivity and direct photopatternability at the cellular scale. This provides an ideal interface for seamless integration with the human body and enables precise control of organ-specific activities.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Piezoionic mechanoreceptors: Force-induced current generation in hydrogels

Yuta Dobashi et al.

Summary: The human somatosensory network relies on ionic currents to sense, transmit, and process tactile information. Researchers have discovered hydrogels that can transduce pressure into ionic currents, forming a piezoionic skin. These currents can directly modulate neurons and excite muscles, presenting a potential path towards bionic sensory interfaces.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A transient, closed-loop network of wireless, body-integrated devices for autonomous electrotherapy

Yeon Sik Choi et al.

Summary: This study presents a transient closed-loop system that combines a time-synchronized, wireless network of skin-integrated devices with an advanced bioresorbable pacemaker to control cardiac rhythms, track cardiopulmonary status, provide multihaptic feedback, and enable transient operation with minimal patient burden.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cuticular pad-inspired selective frequency damper for nearly dynamic noise-free bioelectronics

Byeonghak Park et al.

Summary: This study introduces a novel hydrogel material for removing artifacts in bioelectronic signals from patients. The hydrogel exhibits frequency-dependent phase transition, damping low-frequency noise and transmitting desired high-frequency signals.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

An electrochemical wearable sensor for levodopa quantification in sweat based on a metal-Organic framework/graphene oxide composite with integrated enzymes

Jingyu Xiao et al.

Summary: In this study, a simple, wearable, noninvasive, and portable metal-organic framework (MOF)-based electrochemical sensor was developed for monitoring the concentration of levodopa in sweat, which can serve as a proxy for the levels of L-dopa in the body. The sensor showed a wide linear response range, low detection limit, good selectivity, high sensitivity, and stability.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Implementing in-situ self-organizing maps with memristor crossbar arrays for data mining and optimization

Rui Wang et al.

Summary: This article introduces a hardware implementation of self-organizing maps (SOM) based on memristors, which provides faster computing speed and energy efficiency compared to CMOS digital counterparts. The memristor-based SOM demonstrates improved performance in data clustering, image processing, and optimization problem-solving.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Rapid meniscus-guided printing of stable semi-solid-state liquid metal microgranular-particle for soft electronics

Gun-Hee Lee et al.

Summary: Meniscus-guided printing technique enables the rapid generation of high-resolution semi-solid liquid metal microgranules on soft substrates, demonstrating the simplicity and reliability for the development of advanced soft electronics.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A new dimension for magnetosensitive e-skins: active matrix integrated micro-origami sensor arrays

Christian Becker et al.

Summary: By combining the art of origami with semiconductor technology, researchers have developed an advanced three-dimensional magnetic sensor. This sensor can accurately perceive the position and orientation of objects in high-density integrated circuits, and enable multidirectional tactile perception through embedded magnetic hairs in electronic skins.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Digitally-embroidered liquid metal electronic textiles for wearable wireless systems

Rongzhou Lin et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the digital embroidery of robust liquid metal-based fibers to create electronic textiles with wireless functionalities for non-intrusive monitoring of human health during daily activities.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Intelligent wireless theranostic contact lens for electrical sensing and regulation of intraocular pressure

Cheng Yang et al.

Summary: The study presents an integrated wireless theranostic contact lens that can wirelessly track intraocular pressure and offer on-demand anti-glaucoma drug delivery. The contact lens has a compact design, with a highly sensitive intraocular pressure sensing module and an efficient drug delivery module, making it a promising system for glaucoma treatments.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly stable flexible pressure sensors with a quasi-homogeneous composition and interlinked interfaces

Yuan Zhang et al.

Summary: This study reports a flexible pressure sensor with tough interfaces, which improves the sensitivity and stability of the device by achieving quasi-homogeneous composition and interlinked microconed interfaces. The sensor exhibits exceptional signal stability and can be used in complicated mechanical conditions.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Shape and stiffness memory ionogels with programmable pressure-resistance response

Shuyun Zhuo et al.

Summary: This article presents a heterophase ionogel with shape and stiffness memory for adaptive pressure sensing. By adjusting microstructure alignment and shape memory micro-inclusions, the pressure sensors exhibit tunable pressure ranges, varied detection limits, and good resolution at high pressure. The use of shape and stiffness memory materials in pressure sensors allows for programmable performance in more complex application scenarios.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Photo-induced non-volatile VO2 phase transition for neuromorphic ultraviolet sensors

Ge Li et al.

Summary: This study reports a non-volatile multi-level control of vanadium dioxide (VO2) films through oxygen stoichiometry engineering, which can be used for bioinspired neuromorphic vision components. A proof-of-principle neuromorphic ultraviolet sensor with integrated sensing, memory, and processing functions at room temperature is demonstrated, showing its potential application in artificial vision systems.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Soft Wireless Bioelectronics Designed for Real-Time, Continuous Health Monitoring of Farmworkers

Yun-Soung Kim et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a wireless, wearable bioelectronic system for continuous monitoring of farmworkers' skin temperature, electrocardiograms, heart rates, and activities. The device, fabricated using advanced nanomanufacturing based on laser machining, has a highly breathable substrate to manage excessive sweating and multimodal stresses. Experimental results demonstrate the device's reliable capability for multiparameter health monitoring of farmworkers.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Thermoradiative Power Conversion from HgCdTe Photodiodes and Their Current-Voltage Characteristics

Michael P. Nielsen et al.

Summary: Thermoradiative diodes generate power through the emission of light instead of absorption, and have potential applications in night-sky power generation and waste heat recovery. This study measures the electro-optical characteristics of HgCdTe photodiodes and highlights the need for high radiative efficiencies in mid-infrared semiconductors for thermoradiative power generation.

ACS PHOTONICS (2022)

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Review Physics, Applied

Silk materials at the convergence of science, sustainability, healthcare, and technology

Giulia Guidetti et al.

Summary: Bombyx mori silk fibroin is a widely used material with unique properties that make it suitable for various applications in fields such as biomedical devices, optics, and electronics. This review discusses the significance and advantages of silk-based devices and provides a roadmap for future developments.

APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sustainable Natural Bio-Origin Materials for Future Flexible Devices

Lingyi Lan et al.

Summary: Flexible electronic devices play important roles as intelligent interfaces in various applications, and using bio-origin materials offers new opportunities for constructing devices with higher safety and environmental adaptivity. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic summary of the latest advances in natural bio-origin material-based flexible devices, including their properties, processing technologies, and applications in energy harvesting, energy storage, and sensing. The review also discusses future challenges and prospects for developing high-performance bio-origin material-based flexible devices.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artificial Olfactory Neuron for an In-Sensor Neuromorphic Nose

Joon-Kyu Han et al.

Summary: A neuromorphic module of an electronic nose is demonstrated using a chemoresistive gas sensor and a single transistor neuron. It simultaneously detects gases and encodes spike signals, mimicking the biological olfactory system. An analysis of the mixed signals using a spiking neural network allows the identification of odor sources. This approach eliminates the need for conversion circuits and reduces power consumption compared to traditional electronic noses.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

From liquid metal to stretchable electronics: Overcoming the surface tension

Zixu Yang et al.

Summary: Stretchable electronics is a type of electronic product that can conform with tissues, and liquid metals are excellent materials for this field due to their stretchability and conductivity. However, the high surface tension of liquid metals at room temperature poses a major obstacle for their development. This review focuses on overcoming this challenge and discusses various methods of using liquid metals to fabricate stretchable electronic devices based on these principles. The potential applications and existing challenges and opportunities of liquid metals in this field are also discussed.

SCIENCE CHINA-MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Flexible self-charging power sources

Ruiyuan Liu et al.

Summary: This review discusses the various applications of flexible self-charging technologies as power sources, including flexible solar cells, mechanical energy harvesters, thermoelectrics, biofuel cells, and hybrid devices with flexible energy-storage components. The review also highlights the integration of power sources in soft electronics and presents the emerging challenges, strategies, and opportunities for research and development of flexible self-charging power sources.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Soft wearable devices for deep-tissue sensing

Muyang Lin et al.

Summary: Current wearable devices are mainly designed to record superficial signals from the skin, but the detection of deep-tissue signals remains a challenge. This Review discusses the engineering of soft wearable devices and focuses on electrical, electromagnetic, thermal, and mechanical sensing approaches, emphasizing penetration depth and temporal and spatial resolutions.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Piezoelectric ultrasound energy-harvesting device for deep brain stimulation and analgesia applications

Tao Zhang et al.

Summary: This study introduces a novel implantable piezoelectric ultrasound energy-harvesting device that achieves high output power density and successful activation in the rat brain. The device shows potential for deep brain stimulation and analgesia applications.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly-integrated, miniaturized, stretchable electronic systems based on stacked multilayer network materials

Honglie Song et al.

Summary: In this study, a new design strategy utilizing stacked multilayer network materials is proposed to achieve high elastic stretchability and function density for stretchable inorganic electronics. The elastic stretchability of serpentine interconnects is significantly enhanced compared to the use of soft elastomers in previous studies.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Fully implantable wireless batteryless vascular electronics with printed soft sensors for multiplex sensing of hemodynamics

Robert Herbert et al.

Summary: This article reports a wireless vascular electronic system that can monitor hemodynamics in real time without the need for batteries or circuits. The system, consisting of a multimaterial inductive stent and printed soft sensors, achieves enhanced wireless performance and durability. Experimental results demonstrate the system's good performance in arterial models and animal studies.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

On-skin paintable biogel for long-term high-fidelity electroencephalogram recording

Chunya Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, a paintable conductive biogel was developed as an efficient interface for long-term high-quality EEG recording. The biogel showed temperature-controlled reversible fluid-gel transition, allowing conformal contact and dynamic compliance with hairy scalp. It demonstrated excellent performance in capturing and classifying evoked potentials.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Wireless graphene-based thermal patch for obtaining temperature distribution and performing thermography

Minpyo Kang et al.

Summary: This article introduces a wearable thermal patch with dual functions of continuous skin temperature sensing and thermotherapy for effective self-care treatment.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Geometrically engineered rigid island array for stretchable electronics capable of withstanding various deformation modes

Jun Chang Yang et al.

Summary: This study developed a geometric engineering method to effectively suppress crack propagation at the interface between soft and rigid materials by designing Ferris wheel-shaped islands. The optimized islands exhibited higher strain and fatigue life compared to conventional circle- and square-shaped structures. Stretchable electronics composed of various rigid components were demonstrated using intrinsically stretchable printed electrodes. The findings suggest that this approach enables the production of stretchable electronics with enhanced durability.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Ultrasoft Porous 3D Conductive Dry Electrodes for Electrophysiological Sensing and Myoelectric Control

Shanshan Yao et al.

Summary: This article reports the fabrication and applications of ultrasoft breathable dry electrodes that can address several challenges for their long-term wearable applications. The proposed electrodes rely on porous and conductive silver nanowire-based nanocomposites, eliminating the necessity of conductive gel while establishing a low electrode-skin impedance. These electrodes allow for efficient monitoring of heart, muscle, and brain activities, and they have the potential for prosthesis control, neurorehabilitation, and virtual reality.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Scalable Manufacturing of Liquid Metal Circuits

Kadri Bugra Ozutemiz et al.

Summary: Liquid-metal-based soft and stretchable electronics offer unique advantages for applications involving physical interaction with biological tissues and delicate objects. However, their mainstream adoption has been hindered by the lack of scalable manufacturing techniques. This paper introduces a scalable and reproducible manufacturing technique for wafer-level fabrication of liquid-metal-based electronics. The technique combines selective metal-alloy wetting and controlled dip-coating to deposit the liquid metal onto circuit layouts defined by lithographically patterned copper traces. The results demonstrate the ability to fabricate liquid-metal circuits reproducibly and rapidly.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Low-cost gastrointestinal manometry via silicone-liquid-metal pressure transducers resembling a quipu

Kewang Nan et al.

Summary: An inexpensive catheter-like device made of a piezoresistive elastic silicone-liquid-metal composite has been developed for measuring the tone and contractile patterns of the gastrointestinal tract. The device performs comparably to commercial devices and can be used in low-resource settings.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

An integrated wearable microneedle array for the continuous monitoring of multiple biomarkers in interstitial fluid

Farshad Tehrani et al.

Summary: The study presents a fully integrated wearable array of microneedles for wireless and continuous real-time sensing of metabolites in interstitial fluid. The device shows robust analytical performance and good correlation with gold-standard measurements.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Robotics

All-printed soft human-machine interface for robotic physicochemical sensing

You Yu et al.

Summary: Ultrasensitive multimodal physicochemical sensing for autonomous robotic decision-making is demonstrated using an all-printed, mass-producible soft electronic skin-based human-machine interface. The system incorporates custom-developed nanomaterial inks to manufacture flexible physicochemical sensor arrays for electrophysiology recording, tactile perception, and robotic sensing of hazardous materials. The artificial intelligence-powered system enables remote robotic control and in situ threat compound detection in extreme environments, with user-interactive feedback. The technology has potential applications in various fields, including agriculture, security, and public health.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A wireless haptic interface for programmable patterns of touch across large areas of the skin

Yei Hwan Jung et al.

Summary: This technology allows for the transmission of vibro-tactile patterns on the skin to convey navigation instructions, translate music into tactile patterns, and provide sensory feedback for robotic prosthetics. The system is lightweight and flexible, offering full-body coverage for tactile sensations.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Smart textiles for personalized healthcare

Alberto Libanori et al.

Summary: Incorporating sensing and therapeutic capabilities into everyday textiles is crucial for personalized healthcare. The development of smart textiles, driven by miniaturized platform technologies, has led to the creation of compact, autonomous, and interconnected functional textiles. This review examines the different platform technologies, fabrication strategies, clinical scenarios, as well as the commercial and regulatory landscape of smart textiles for personalized healthcare.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

An Anti-Biofouling Flexible Fiber Biofuel Cell Working in the Brain

Yue Guo et al.

Summary: A flexible and anti-biofouling fiber biofuel cell (BFC) has been developed that can work chronically in the brain. The fiber BFC, based on a carbon nanotube fiber electrode, possesses small size and flexibility. A hydrophilic zwitterionic anti-biofouling polydopamine-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine layer is designed on the surface of the fiber BFC to resist protein adsorption in a complex biological environment. Experimental results show that the fiber BFC can achieve a stable device/tissue interface without causing immune response, indicating its promising prospect as an energy-harvesting device in vivo.

SMALL METHODS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Emerging Methods of Monitoring Volatile Organic Compounds for Detection of Plant Pests and Disease

Samantha MacDougall et al.

Summary: Surveillance and management of the spread of plant pests and diseases are crucial for protecting crops and ecosystems. Traditional detection methods are expensive and require expertise, so there is a need for inexpensive and user-friendly options. Gas-sensing technologies that detect volatile organic compounds released by plants offer a potential solution, but there are challenges such as environmental factors and lack of research on field conditions.

BIOSENSORS-BASEL (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Corrugated Cobalt Titanate/Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Heterojunctions for a Selective Isopentanol Gas Sensor

Jing Lu et al.

Summary: In this work, corrugated cobalt titanate/partially reduced graphene oxide (CoTiO3/prGO) heterogeneous sensing materials are prepared by a sol-gel method combined with a controlled chemical reduction process. The corrugated CoTiO3/prGO exhibits high sensitivity to the isopentanol molecule due to its corrugated morphology, abundant C-O-Ti chemical bonds, and heterogeneous interfaces.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Three-dimensional highway-like graphite flakes/carbon fiber hybrid electrode for electrochemical biosensor

Y. Yu et al.

Summary: Carbon-based electrodes are potential candidates for developing cheap and disposable biosensors, but their sensitivity is usually lower than gold electrodes. This study proposes a non-nanomaterials approach by creating a graphite/carbon fiber hybrid electrode to enhance the sensor performance of carbon-based electrodes.

MATERIALS TODAY ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Easy Nitrite Analysis of Processed Meat with Colorimetric Polymer Sensors and a Smartphone App

Marta Guembe-Garcia et al.

Summary: We have developed a method for determining nitrite concentration in processed meats that can be used by unskilled personnel. It uses a colorimetric polymer sensor and a mobile app to analyze digital photographs and calculate the nitrite concentration.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Mechanical Gradients Enable Highly Stretchable Electronics Based on Nanofiber Substrates

Meng Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, a mechanical gradient strategy was developed to fabricate high-performance stretchable electronic devices. By using polyvinyl alcohol glue to fix integrated circuits on stretchable circuits, the strain gradient during the stretching process was achieved, ensuring the stability and reliability of the devices. The flexible electronic devices fabricated by this method are highly stretchable and comfortable, making them suitable for various applications.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanoengineered Ink for Designing 3D Printable Flexible Bioelectronics

Kaivalya A. Deo et al.

Summary: A shear-thinning hydrogel has been developed as a biomaterial ink for 3D printing flexible bioelectronics. This hydrogel exhibits high conductivity, compressive modulus, and biocompatibility, and can be printed into complex shapes. The results suggest that this nanoengineered hydrogel holds great potential for various biomedical applications.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Microheater Integrated Nanotube Array Gas Sensor for Parts-Per-Trillion Level Gas Detection and Single Sensor-Based Gas Discrimination

Wenying Tang et al.

Summary: In this study, a dual-mode microheater integrated nanotube array gas sensor (MINA sensor) is developed for real-time monitoring and discrimination of health threatening gases. The MINA sensor exhibits low-power consumption, high selectivity, and the capability to discriminate multiple gases, making it suitable for chemical/environmental safety and healthcare applications.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Perovskite solar cells based on screen-printed thin films

Changshun Chen et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a new screen-printing method for fabricating perovskite solar cells, achieving high energy conversion efficiencies. This method is not affected by humidity, and the fabrication process is simple and suitable for large-scale production.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An All-Nanofiber-Based Substrate-Less, Extremely Conformal, and Breathable Organic Field Effect Transistor for Biomedical Applications

Gihyeok Gwon et al.

Summary: Nanofiber-based electronic devices have attracted attention for their flexibility, sweat permeability, and conformal integration on complicated surfaces. This study reports a successful method for fabricating all-nanofiber-based organic transistors that are biocompatible, ultrathin, lightweight, and mechanically durable, with potential applications in biomedical electronics.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Tough-interface-enabled stretchable electronics using non-stretchable polymer semiconductors and conductors

Jiheong Kang et al.

Summary: By covalently bonding a dissipative interfacial polymer layer between a semiconducting thin film and a substrate, the initiation and propagation of cracks can be notably delayed, leading to improved crack-onset strain and reduced mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Microchambers Containing Contact Lens for the Noninvasive Detection of Tear Exosomes

Shaopei Li et al.

Summary: Exosomes, a crucial factor in cancer metastasis, are being explored as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. However, conventional detection methods are expensive and tedious. Researchers have developed a contact lens embedded with antibodies to detect exosomes in tears. This lens shows good transparency, mechanical properties, and sensitivity to exosomes, allowing for detection in various solutions.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Printable and Stretchable Conductive Elastomers for Monitoring Dynamic Strain with High Fidelity

Jinfeng Yuan et al.

Summary: Printable and stretchable conductive elastomers have promising applications, but suffer from signal distortion during monitoring dynamic strains. Researchers proposed an Ag-Ecoflex-PDMS elastomer with better dynamic performances. A deep-learning-based dynamic calibration method corrects the sensing signals and eliminates hysteresis error. The elastomer exhibits high electrical conductivities and can be used as both stretchable sensors and stretchable conductors. Demonstrations show superior accuracy and robustness in monitoring human dynamic activities and human-machine collaboration.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrically Conductive 2D Material Coatings for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Comparative Review of Graphenes and MXenes

Vicente Orts Mercadillo et al.

Summary: There is a growing interest in transitioning electronic components and circuitry to more flexible and stretchable platforms. The development of conductive inks with novel nanomaterials, such as graphene and MXenes, has led to the creation of new flexible electronic devices with exciting applications in the wearable, healthcare and Internet of Things sectors. Despite their different chemical origins, graphene and MXenes share similar electrical properties and 2D morphology, guaranteeing intriguing performance in end applications.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

High-Stretchability, Ultralow-Hysteresis ConductingPolymer Hydrogel Strain Sensors for Soft Machines

Zequn Shen et al.

Summary: This research presents a conducting polymer hydrogel strain sensor with high strain and low hysteresis, achieved through a unique microphase semiseparated network design and facile fabrication methods. The strain sensor demonstrates superior performances in terms of stretchability, linearity, cyclic stability, and robustness against mechanical twisting and pressing. The integration and application of the strain sensor with electronic skins show its potentials in various fields such as physiological signal measurement, gesture recognition, and industrial robot control.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Personalized Electronic Tattoo for Healthcare Realized by On-the-Spot Assembly of an Intrinsically Conductive and Durable Liquid-Metal Composite

Gun-Hee Lee et al.

Summary: Conventional electronic skins are limited in their ability to be customized, but a new type of e-tattoo can be directly applied to the skin and designed according to user preferences. By using carbon nanotubes attached to liquid metal particles, e-tattoos achieve electrical conductivity and mechanical durability. The properties of the liquid metal suspension allow for the precise assembly of particles on the skin. E-tattoos are low-cost, easy to prepare, compatible with the skin, and have multiple functions, making them highly suitable for biomedical engineering applications.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multiphoton Lithography of Organic Semiconductor Devices for 3D Printing of Flexible Electronic Circuits, Biosensors, and Bioelectronics

Omid Dadras-Toussi et al.

Summary: By incorporating organic semiconductor materials and utilizing multiphoton lithography technology, three-dimensional OS composite microstructures with high electrical conductivity and biocompatibility were successfully fabricated, providing an efficient platform for sensitive glucose detection in biosensors.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tactile Near-Sensor Analogue Computing for Ultrafast Responsive Artificial Skin

Ming Wang et al.

Summary: This article introduces a near-sensor analogue computing system based on a flexible memristor array for artificial skin applications. The system can simultaneously sense and compute multiple analogue pressure signals without the need for interface electronics, and offers ultrafast and energy-efficient performance.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Organic Neuroelectronics: From Neural Interfaces to Neuroprosthetics

Gyeong-Tak Go et al.

Summary: Requirements and recent advances in organic neuroelectronics research are outlined. Organic materials are promising candidates for neural interfaces due to their mechanical softness, electrochemical properties, and biocompatibility. Organic nervetronics, which imitates the functional properties of the biological nerve system, is being developed to overcome the limitations of conventional neuroprosthetics.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Visualizing Dynamic Mechanical Actions with High Sensitivity and High Resolution by Near-Distance Mechanoluminescence Imaging

Yixi Zhuang et al.

Summary: Proportionally converting mechanical energy into photons through mechanoluminescent technology opens up new possibilities for high-resolution stress visualization and fast response. This study develops a novel stress distribution sensor with significantly enhanced detection sensitivity by combining a proposed near-distance mechanoluminescent imaging scheme and an improved mechano-to-photon convertor.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Snakeskin-Inspired, Soft-Hinge Kirigami Metamaterial for Self-Adaptive Conformal Electronic Armor

Shan Jiang et al.

Summary: The author proposes a novel electronic armor design inspired by snakeskin. This armor possesses both mechanical flexibility and electronic functions, and can protect soft-body electronics from external physical damage in complex environments. By using Kirigami mechanical metamaterials and soft hinge technology, the design achieves stretchability, conformability, and protectability. Furthermore, the armor can be applied to large-scale circuit arrays for various applications.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

An implantable flexible fiber generator without encapsulation made from differentially oxidized carbon nanotube fibers

Sisi He et al.

Summary: Stable and sustainable energy supply is crucial for wearable and implanted electronics. A flexible, lightweight, and biocompatible fiber power generator has been developed to repeatedly produce electricity in various fluids. Its generality, easy fabrication, and light weight make it promising for various applications.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Soft strain-insensitive bioelectronics featuring brittle materials

Yichao Zhao et al.

Summary: Advancements in electronics to interact with tissue require overcoming material constraints. We propose a layered architectural composite design that eliminates strain effects on device performance by coupling strain-induced cracked films with a strain-isolated conductive pathway, resulting in stretchable, highly conductive, and strain-insensitive bioelectrodes. These bioelectrodes can be used for in vivo biomarker sensing and neuromodulation.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Universal assembly of liquid metal particles in polymers enables elastic printed circuit board

Wonbeom Lee et al.

Summary: An elastic printed circuit board (E-PCB) is a conductive framework used for the assembly of stretchable electronics. This study presents a method using a liquid metal particle network (LMPNet) as an elastic conductor, which satisfies all the requirements for E-PCBs. The LMPNet enables the fabrication of high-density E-PCBs, allowing the integration of numerous electronic components to create highly stretchable skin electronics.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Enormous-stiffness-changing polymer networks by glass transition mediated microphase separation

Lie Chen et al.

Summary: The development of flexible electronics and soft robotics requires materials with wide-range switchable stiffness. In this study, a polymer network that can switch between a soft ionogel and a rigid plastic with a large stiffness change is reported. The stiffness-changing ratio of the polymer network can be tuned by adjusting the interactions between the polymer and ionic liquids.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A self-powered ingestible wireless biosensing system for real-time in situ monitoring of gastrointestinal tract metabolites

Ernesto De la Paz et al.

Nature Communications (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reconfigurable neuromorphic memristor network for ultralow-power smart textile electronics

Tianyu Wang et al.

Summary: The study reports a reconfigurable and ultra-low power textile memristor network, which has the ability to integrate discharge function and reduce the complexity of neuron circuits. A smart textile system for warm fabric application is successfully constructed.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Current Progress on Power Management Systems for Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Tingshu Hu et al.

Summary: This article presents a review on the development of power management systems (PMSs) for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), highlighting the advantages and challenges of TENG technology and the evolution of PMS design.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture

Emerging monolithic 3D integration: Opportunities and challenges from the computer system perspective

Yuanqing Cheng et al.

Summary: This article surveys recent research works on monolithic three dimensional integrated circuits (M3D-ICs) technology and presents the opportunities and challenges it brings. Possible applications of M3D based computer architectures are discussed. The article serves as a reference for researchers and industrial partners interested in this fast evolving field.

INTEGRATION-THE VLSI JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A finite element model of the mechanical interactions between peripheral nerves and intrafascicular implants

Outman Akouissi et al.

Summary: In this study, the mechanical stresses induced on the peripheral nerve by the implant's micromotion were modeled using finite element analysis. The results indicate that the material, geometry, and surface coating of the implant are crucial for its stability and durability. Specifically, implants with smooth edges, materials that are no more than three orders of magnitude stiffer than the nerve, and innovative geometries that redistribute micromotion-associated loads can improve the long-term performance of peripheral nerve implants.

JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible and Implantable Polyimide Aptamer-Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors

Chuanzhen Zhao et al.

Summary: Monitoring neurochemical signaling is crucial for understanding brain function. This study developed flexible and implantable neuroprobes with aptamer-FET biosensors, which showed improved sensitivity and reduced tissue damage. These probes successfully detected serotonin at femtomolar concentrations. This research provides an important tool for studying brain function.

ACS SENSORS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fast-Response Flexible Temperature Sensors with Atomically Thin Molybdenum Disulfide

Alwin Daus et al.

Summary: In this study, flexible monolayer MoS2 temperature sensors and arrays were fabricated, which can detect temperature changes within a few microseconds. The sensors have fast response times and high temperature coefficient of resistance, making them suitable for biomedical sensor arrays and Internet of Things applications.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Bioinspired Artificial Gustatory Neuron for a Neuromorphic Based Electronic Tongue

Joon-Kyu Han et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates a novel biomimicked neuromorphic sensor for an electronic tongue, which can simultaneously detect ion concentrations and encode spike signals to mimic biological neurons in a neural network. pH-sensitive and sodium-sensitive artificial gustatory neurons are implemented using different sensing materials, and a sensitivity control inspired by biological sensory neurons is demonstrated.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Volatolomics in healthcare and its advanced detection technology

Wenwen Hu et al.

Summary: This review article critically considers and summarizes the volatolomics in healthcare, clarifying the relationship between the volatolome and specific diseases and introducing analytical instruments and advanced detection technologies.

NANO RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Two-dimensional materials prospects for non-volatile spintronic memories

Hyunsoo Yang et al.

Summary: This article provides an overview of the current developments and challenges in regards to MRAM and outlines the opportunities that can arise by incorporating two-dimensional material technologies. The fundamental properties of atomically smooth interfaces, reduced material intermixing, crystal symmetries, and proximity effects are highlighted as key drivers for possible disruptive improvements in MRAM at advanced technology nodes.

NATURE (2022)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

HOW TO SHRINK AI'S BALLOONING CARBON FOOTPRINT

Elizabeth Gibney

Summary: Using emissions data from different locations can assist researchers in minimizing the environmental impact of machine-learning experiments.

NATURE (2022)

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Editorial Material Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Diagnostics to take your breath away

Carrie Arnold

Summary: After years of research and development, devices for detecting respiratory infectious agents are finally maturing, and the progress has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Scalable optical manufacture of dynamic structural colour in stretchable materials

Benjamin Harvey Miller et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a method for producing large-area structurally colored sheets using Lippmann photography. These materials have a wide range of color patterns and respond to mechanical stimuli, making them suitable for optical sensing, human-computer interaction, and robotics.

NATURE MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Stretchable colour-sensitive quantum dot nanocomposites for shape-tunable multiplexed phototransistor arrays

Jun-Kyul Song et al.

Summary: This study reports the rational material design and device fabrication strategies for an intrinsically stretchable, multispectral, and multiplexed phototransistor array. The unique spatial distribution of size-tuned quantum dots within an elastomeric matrix and a semiconducting polymer enables the shape-tunable and colour-sensitive capabilities of the array. Compensation of optical aberrations and noises is achieved using a deep neural network algorithm, allowing precise detection of specific colour patterns under different curved states. In conclusion, this research realizes shape-tunable and colour-sensitive phototransistor arrays using intrinsically stretchable quantum-dot-based semiconducting nanocomposites.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Continuous cuffless monitoring of arterial blood pressure via graphene bioimpedance tattoos

Dmitry Kireev et al.

Summary: Continuous monitoring of arterial blood pressure in non-clinical settings is crucial for understanding various health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. This study introduces a wearable blood pressure monitoring platform that utilizes atomically thin graphene electronic tattoos as interfaces. The platform enables highly accurate and non-invasive continuous monitoring, with a longer monitoring period than previous studies.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Closing the loop for patients with Parkinson disease: where are we?

Hazhir Teymourian et al.

Summary: The management of levodopa treatment in advanced stages of Parkinson's disease is challenging due to its short half-life and variations in dose-response relationship. Recent research has focused on novel delivery strategies and wearable sensors, but the need for real-time levodopa monitoring has been overlooked.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Wearable chemical sensors for biomarker discovery in the omics era

Juliane R. Sempionatto et al.

Summary: Wearable chemical sensors are effective tools for discovering new biomarkers, providing real-time analysis in non-invasive body fluids. They can enable personalized health monitoring at home and reduce healthcare costs.

NATURE REVIEWS CHEMISTRY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A flexible and highly sensitive organic electrochemical transistor-based biosensor for continuous and wireless nitric oxide detection

Yuping Deng et al.

Summary: A flexible and highly sensitive biosensor based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) has been developed for continuous and wireless detection of nitric oxide (NO) in biological systems. The sensor shows a low response limit, wide linear range, high sensitivity, and excellent selectivity, and can continuously detect NO in the nanomolar range for hours without significant signal drift.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A 1.3-micrometre-thick elastic conductor for seamless on-skin and implantable sensors

Zhi Jiang et al.

Summary: Polydimethylsiloxane-gold conductors with controlled microcrack morphology in the gold film, approximately 1.3 μm thick, have been developed. These conductors can stretch up to 300% and maintain high conductivity. They can be used to create breathable and water-resistant on-skin electrodes, pressure sensors, and implantable nerve electrodes.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

An organic artificial spiking neuron for in situ neuromorphic sensing and biointerfacing

Tanmoy Sarkar et al.

Summary: This study presents an organic artificial neuron based on a compact nonlinear electrochemical element. The artificial neuron is capable of operating in a liquid and can respond to the concentration of biological species in its surroundings. The system offers in situ operation and spiking behavior in biologically relevant environments.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Bioadhesive ultrasound for long-term continuous imaging of diverse organs

Chonghe Wang et al.

Summary: The BAUS device is a bioadhesive tool that provides continuous imaging of diverse internal organs for up to 48 hours. It has the potential for diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

MEDICAL IMAGING Seeing inside a body in motion

Philip Tan et al.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Microbial biofilms for electricity generation from water evaporation and power to wearables

Xiaomeng Liu et al.

Summary: Using microbial biofilms as renewable materials for fabricating clean energy harvesting devices can generate continuous electricity from evaporating water, enhancing sustainability.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Upcycling Compact Discs for Flexible and Stretchable Bioelectronic Applications

Matthew S. Brown et al.

Summary: This study presents a method to upcycle compact discs into flexible and stretchable bio-electronics, providing a sustainable solution to the global issue of electronic waste.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Metaplastic and energy-efficient biocompatible graphene artificial synaptic transistors for enhanced accuracy neuromorphic computing

Dmitry Kireev et al.

Summary: In this work, biocompatible bilayer graphene-based artificial synaptic transistors (BLAST) capable of mimicking synaptic behavior are reported. The devices exhibit high energy efficiency and long-term potentiation, and show unique metaplasticity which outperforms ideal linear synapses in classic image classification tasks. These devices are powerful candidates for bio-interfaced online learning, bridging the gap between artificial and biological neural networks.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly efficient and selective extraction of gold by reduced graphene oxide

Fei Li et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the excellent performance of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in extracting gold from e-waste, even at minute concentrations. By controlling the protonation of the oxidized regions of rGO, gold can be extracted exclusively, without contamination by other elements.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Printing Liquid Metal Elastomer Composites for High-Performance Stretchable Thermoelectric Generators

Youngshang Han et al.

Summary: This study introduces highly efficient, stretchable thermoelectric generators made of inorganic semiconductors and printed multifunctional soft matter. The thermoelectric generators are able to conform to curved surfaces and maintain efficiency under large deformations, while also exhibiting durability. The generators generate high open-circuit voltage and power density, and can withstand stretching cycles at high strain. The use of liquid metal elastomer composites and elastomer composites with hollow microspheres contribute to the performance and durability of the generators.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Highly Scalable, Wearable Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Limei Liu et al.

Summary: Over the past two decades, wearable sensor technology has experienced significant growth. One recent breakthrough is the development of wearable chemical sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which can universally and noninvasively detect molecular fingerprints. However, these sensors are not scalable due to their complex fabrication process and limited multifunctional sensing capabilities. A highly scalable, wearable SERS sensor based on a low-cost, ultrathin, flexible, stretchable, adhesive, and biointegratable gold nanomesh is demonstrated in this study. It can be worn on any surface and used for label-free, large-scale, in situ sensing of diverse analytes. To showcase its practical utility, the sensor is tested for the detection of sweat biomarkers, drugs of abuse, and microplastics. This wearable SERS sensor represents a significant step towards the generalizability and practicality of wearable sensing technology.

ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Temporal Pattern Coding in Ionic Memristor-Based Spiking Neurons for Adaptive Tactile Perception

Zhuolin Xie et al.

Summary: A novel ionic memristor device is reported that can produce voltage spike trains with diverse temporal patterns similar to biological neurons under electric current stimulation. This research offers a new approach for advanced neuromorphic hardware in smart neural prosthetics and bionic robotics applications.

ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multimodal Sensors with Decoupled Sensing Mechanisms

Ruoxi Yang et al.

Summary: This article introduces the emerging highly sensitive and multimodal sensors for various applications in epidermal electronics, robotics, health monitoring devices, and human-machine interfaces. It emphasizes the importance of material selection and sensor structure design in decoupling sensing mechanisms, and discusses methods to decouple different input signals for truly multimodal sensors, as well as strategies for interference suppression and signal correction.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

3D Printed Skin-Interfaced UV-Visible Hybrid Photodetectors

Xia Ouyang et al.

Summary: This research reports a 3D printed flexible UV-visible photodetector array that is intimately interfaced with human skin and measures real-time optical irradiance. It can aid in the medical profiling of photosensitive diseases.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Skin Electronics from Biocompatible In Situ Welding Enabled By Intrinsically Sticky Conductors

Lixue Tang et al.

Summary: This study reports on the development of intrinsically sticky conductors that can achieve direct welding of electronics on human skin, providing potential applications for electronics in the medical field.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

End-to-end design of wearable sensors

H. Ceren Ates et al.

Summary: Wearable sensors that access biophysical and biochemical information can monitor physiological state and aid in diagnosis. These devices can be worn in various forms and have shown potential in early detection and monitoring of diseases. Future wearable sensors are expected to enable multimodal and real-time continuous measurement.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Responsive materials architected in space and time

Xiaoxing Xia et al.

Summary: Architected materials are a class of materials with unique properties and functionalities. They have structures intermediate in scale between atomic arrangement and bulk dimensions, and can respond to various stimuli and evolve over time. This review provides an overview of the architected materials constructed in both space and time, and discusses their responses to different stimuli.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Artificial tactile perception smart finger for material identification based on triboelectric sensing

Xuecheng Qu et al.

Summary: This research developed a smart finger that is able to accurately identify material type and roughness through the integration of triboelectric sensing and machine learning.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Battery-free, tuning circuit-inspired wireless sensor systems for detection of multiple biomarkers in bodily fluids

Tzu-Li Liu et al.

Summary: This study presents a battery-free wireless biochemical sensor that converts a change in electric potential into a modulation in capacitance, enabling the detection of various biomarkers. Demonstrations of smart accessories and miniaturized probes show the broad utility of this circuit model, providing a realistic pathway to building biointegrated electronics for wireless biochemical sensing.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Thermally switchable, crystallizable oil and silicone composite adhesives for skin-interfaced wearable devices

Katherine R. Jinkins et al.

Summary: Continuous health monitoring is crucial for clinical care, but traditional methods can cause irritation and injury. Researchers propose a materials strategy that utilizes wireless triggering to reduce adhesive strength and prevent harm. The approach involves silicone composites loaded with crystallizable oils, which, when heated, result in decreased adhesion.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Laser-scribed conductive, photoactive transition metal oxide on soft elastomers for Janus on-skin electronics and soft actuators

Ganggang Zhao et al.

Summary: Laser scribing of metallic conductive transition metal oxides on soft elastomers has been achieved, with high electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and compatibility with magnetic resonance imaging. This method shows potential for constructing bioelectronics and soft actuators.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A lab-on-a-chip for the concurrent electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in saliva and plasma

Devora Najjar et al.

Summary: A 3D-printed lab-on-a-chip has been developed for rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and antibodies, providing a convenient method for determining immune status in individuals.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A wearable electrochemical biosensor for the monitoring of metabolites and nutrients

Minqiang Wang et al.

Summary: A wearable electrochemical biosensor has been developed to continuously detect trace levels of multiple metabolites and nutrients in sweat during physical exercise and at rest, providing real-time monitoring and assessment of health risks and nutritional status.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Review Robotics

Neuro-inspired electronic skin for robots

Fengyuan Liu et al.

Summary: Touch is a complex sensing modality that enables us to feel and perceive the world through the large number of receptors in our skin. The touch-sensing capability of current robots is far behind humans, therefore there is a need for neural-like hardware for electronic skin (e-skin). This paper discusses the hardware implementations of various computational building blocks for e-skin and how they can potentially achieve human skin-like or peripheral nervous system-like functionalities.

SCIENCE ROBOTICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Reconfigurable heterogeneous integration using stackable chips with embedded artificial intelligence

Chanyeol Choi et al.

Summary: Artificial intelligence applications have driven the search for efficient hardware architecture that can process large amounts of data. This study introduces stackable hetero-integrated chips using optoelectronic device arrays and memristor crossbar arrays for high parallel data processing and classification.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A chemically mediated artificial neuron

Ting Wang et al.

Summary: A chemically mediated artificial neuron is developed to detect and release dopamine neurotransmitter, utilizing a memristor and a heat-responsive hydrogel for signal processing. The artificial neuron forms a chemical communication loop with pheochromocytoma cells, triggering controllable movements of a mouse leg and robotic hand.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

How to report and benchmark emerging field-effect transistors

Zhihui Cheng et al.

Summary: This study proposes guidelines for reporting and benchmarking the parameters and performance of field-effect transistors, addressing challenges in device performance assessment and offering a more consistent and meaningful approach for the field to progress.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Editorial Material Chemistry, Physical

Self-powered sensing technologies for human Metaverse interfacing

Yihao Zhou et al.

Summary: The article introduces Dr. Jun Chen and his team's research achievements and members in the Department of Bioengineering at the University of California, Los Angeles. Dr. Chen's research interests mainly focus on nanotechnology and bio-electronics, including applications in smart textiles, wearables, and body area networks. He and his team have published numerous papers in well-known international journals and have received multiple academic honors.

JOULE (2022)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Graphene electronic tattoos 2.0 with enhanced performance, breathability and robustness

Dmitry Kireev et al.

Summary: Graphene electronic tattoos (GETs) have emerged as unique tools for personalized healthcare. The latest version, GETs 2.0, exhibits superior electrical properties, sweat permeability, and robustness. By stacking graphene monolayers, the electronic properties of GETs are significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the addition of graphene nanoscrolls (GNS) or multilayer graphene structures reduces sheet resistance and skin impedance while improving consistency. GETs 2.0 also features microholes for sweat evaporation and advanced biplanar contact with the skin. Finally, multilayer GETs 2.0 can function as efficient skin-wearable electronic heaters.

NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Thin-film transistor arrays for biological sensing systems

Dongping Wang et al.

Summary: This article mainly reviews the application of thin-film transistor array technology in biological sensing systems. The development of TFT-based AM DMF chips and the summary and discussion of TFT array-based biological sensing systems are the focus.

FLEXIBLE AND PRINTED ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article

Comparative assessment of blood glucose monitoring techniques: a review

Nivad Ahmadian et al.

Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology (2022)

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Article

Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors by People Without Diabetes: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?

David C. Klonoff et al.

Journal of diabetes science and technology (2022)

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Article

Industry 4.0 Driven Result-oriented PSS: An Assessment in the Energy Management

Claudio Sassanelli et al.

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pathway to Developing Permeable Electronics

Qiyao Huang et al.

Summary: This article discusses the future development of wearable electronics in terms of permeability and analyzes the materials and structural strategies for high-performance permeable electronics.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hierarchically Assembled Counter Electrode for Fiber Solar Cell Showing Record Power Conversion Efficiency

Xinyue Kang et al.

Summary: Fiber solar cells are a promising solution for wearable power supply due to their high flexibility, lightweight, and compatibility with textiles. However, the limited ion diffusion and charge transfer in the fiber counter electrode have hindered their practical applications. In this study, a hierarchically assembled carbon nanotube (HCNT) fiber counter electrode is fabricated to mimic efficient mass transport in plants. This design allows for rapid ion diffusion and abundant active area for charge transport, resulting in a record power conversion efficiency of 11.94% for the fiber dye-sensitized solar cell. Furthermore, these fiber solar cells can be woven into a flexible and breathable large photovoltaic textile, capable of powering wearable electronics.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

2D Van der Waals Heterostructures for Chemical Sensing

Hui-Lei Hou et al.

Summary: In the past 15 years, 2D materials have revolutionized materials science and become powerful components for high-performance chemical sensors. By forming van der Waals heterostructures (VDWHs), the individual drawbacks of 2D materials can be overcome, leading to superior sensitivities, selectivity, and stability. This review discusses the latest developments in chemical sensors based on VDWHs of 2D materials, including sensing mechanisms and future directions with potential impact in environmental sciences and biomedical applications.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Freestanding and Scalable Force-Softness Bimodal Sensor Arrays for Haptic Body-Feature Identification

Zequn Cui et al.

Summary: Freestanding and scalable tactile platforms of force-softness bimodal sensor arrays have been developed to enable the identification of human body features using machine-learning methods. These tactile gloves integrate 112 bimodal sensors into a thin, conformal, and stretchable design, allowing digitization of tactile information while performing hand skills on the human body. The accuracy of the tactile glove in identifying body features and organ models demonstrates their potential use in future healthcare and robotics.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Zinc-Ion Battery-Type Self-Powered Pressure Sensor with Long Service Life

Qixiang Zhang et al.

Summary: The zinc-ion battery pressure (ZIB-P) sensor technology enables accurate and continuous detection of pressure signals, with good flexibility and stability, making it suitable for miniaturized wearable electronic devices.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

3D Printing Nanostructured Solid Polymer Electrolytes with High Modulus and Conductivity

Kenny Lee et al.

Summary: In this study, a high-performance solid polymer electrolyte was successfully manufactured using Digital Light Processing 3D printing technology and polymerization-induced microphase separation method. The electrolyte exhibits high shear modulus and ionic conductivity, and can be custom manufactured using 3D printers.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Machine-Learning-Enhanced Simultaneous and Multimodal Sensor Based on Moist-Electric Powered Graphene Oxide

Ce Yang et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a graphene oxide single-component multimodal sensor that can simultaneously monitor multiple environmental stimuli through a moist-electric self-power supply. With the support of machine learning, this sensor can monitor and decouple changes in temperature, humidity, pressure, and light intensity simultaneously.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Biophysics

Resettable sweat-powered wearable electrochromic biosensor

Martin C. Hartel et al.

Summary: This study presents a wearable self-powered sensor for sweat lactate monitoring, which integrates a reversible electrochromic display, lactate-oxidizable anode, and oxygen-reducible cathode. The device achieves reversible and robust color changes, showing practical applications for continual lactate monitoring.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Thermal-Stable Separators: Design Principles and Strategies Towards Safe Lithium-Ion Battery Operations

Wanxin Lin et al.

Summary: This Review surveys the latest developments of high-temperature-resistant separators for highly safe LIBs, providing an introduction to the basic properties of separators and discussing the working mechanisms of advanced separators. Rational design strategies for high-temperature-resistant separators are summarized, and future research directions and obstacles are highlighted.

CHEMSUSCHEM (2022)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Electronic nose and wireless sensor network for environmental monitoring application in pulp and paper industry: a review

Poonam Prasad et al.

Summary: Odorous gases emitted by pulp and paper industries can be harmful to workers' health, making it necessary to monitor and detect them using electronic noses for early warning.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Highly Stretchable, Soft, Low-Hysteresis, and Self-Healable Ionic Conductive Elastomers Enabled by Long, Functional Cross-Linkers

Yufei Wang et al.

Summary: A novel strategy has been developed for preparing high-performance conductive elastomers with long functional polymer cross-linkers. The resulting elastomers exhibit desirable properties of high stretchability, low Young's modulus, low hysteresis, and self-healing performance. Additionally, the elastomer sensors based on this strategy have demonstrated potential applications in real-time motion detection and recognition of human activities.

MACROMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

PEDOT:PSS-modified cotton conductive thread for mass manufacturing of textile-based electrical wearable sensors by computerized embroidery

Fahad Alshabouna et al.

Summary: The textile industry has advanced processes for manufacturing garments with precise visual patterns. However, it lacks the capability to fabricate clothes with seamlessly integrated wearable sensors due to the lack of conductive threads compatible with standard manufacturing methods. In this study, we developed a low-cost conductive thread that is compatible with computerized embroidery. We successfully produced wearable electrical sensors, including a facemask for monitoring breathing and a t-shirt for monitoring heart activity, using this conductive thread. This development has the potential to enable mass manufacturing of low-cost wearable sensors integrated into everyday clothes.

MATERIALS TODAY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Real-time bioelectronic sensing of environmental contaminants

Joshua T. Atkinson et al.

Summary: In this study, biosensors that produce electrical readouts with fast detection times were developed by combining synthetic biology and materials engineering. Escherichia coli were programmed to produce an electrical current in response to specific chemicals, allowing for rapid detection of thiosulfate and an endocrine disruptor. This new platform provides design rules for sensing various chemicals and offers a potential solution for safeguarding ecological and human health.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A dynamically reprogrammable surface with self-evolving shape morphing

Yun Bai et al.

Summary: Dynamic shape-morphing soft materials systems are of increasing importance in living organisms and emerging technologies. Existing systems cannot recreate the dynamic morphing capabilities needed for continuous processes found in nature. This study presents a mechanical metasurface with complex, dynamic morphing capabilities and precise self-evolving inverse design ability.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanical integrated circuit materials

Charles El Helou et al.

Summary: This research uncovers the relationship between Boolean mathematics and kinematically reconfigurable electrical circuits, and designs a soft conductive material that can perform combinational logic operations. The mechanical integrated circuit material can perform higher-level arithmetic, number comparison, and binary data decoding, and can be realized at different scales and in various physical conditions.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A solution-processed n-type conducting polymer with ultrahigh conductivity

Haoran Tang et al.

Summary: This research introduces a facilely synthesized highly conductive n-type polymer with breakthrough conductivity and solution processability. By improving doping efficiency, the polymer achieves a doping level of almost 0.9 charges per repeating unit. Further investigations demonstrate the coherent charge-transport properties and existence of metallic state. The benchmark performances in electrochemical transistors and thermoelectric generators are also demonstrated.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chip-less wireless electronic skins by remote epitaxial freestanding compound semiconductors

Yeongin Kim et al.

Summary: Recent advances in flexible and stretchable electronics have led to the development of electronic skin (e-skin)based health monitoring platforms. Conventional wireless e-skins use rigid integrated circuit chips, while chip-less wireless e-skins use surface acoustic wave sensors made of piezoelectric materials, which offer highly sensitive, low-power, and long-term sensing capabilities for monitoring strain, ultraviolet light, and ion concentrations in sweat. These findings provide new routes for creating inexpensive and versatile wireless health monitoring devices.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Recycling plastic using a hybrid process

Ning Yan

SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Gas-phase biosensors: A review

Kohji Mitsubayashi et al.

Summary: This review discusses the recent advances in biosensors and bioimaging techniques for gas-phase biochemical molecules. It covers the use of various biorecognition elements and the combination with optical, electrochemical, and acoustic wave transducers. One notable advantage of biosensors is their resistance to humidity, allowing for the measurement of volatile biochemicals in humid environments. The review also explores the use of imaging technologies to capture the spatiotemporal distribution of volatile biochemicals and their applications in high-precision monitoring.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface Wrinkling for Flexible and Stretchable Sensors

Giwon Lee et al.

Summary: Recent advances in nanolithography, miniaturization, and material science, along with developments in wearable electronics, have pushed sensor technology to fabricate highly sensitive, flexible, stretchable, and multimodal detection systems. Surface wrinkling, as an effective alternative, improves the sensing performance and mechanical deformability of flexible and stretchable sensors by releasing stress, preventing failure, and enlarging surface areas. This study discusses the recent developments in wrinkling structures for sensor applications, including the mechanics, geometry control, and fabricating methods. It reviews the current state and impact on various sensor types, such as strain, pressure, temperature, chemical, photodetectors, and multimodal sensors. The study also extrapolates the existing wrinkling approaches, designs, and sensing strategies into future applications.

SMALL (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Graphene e-tattoos for unobstructive ambulatory electrodermal activity sensing on the palm enabled by heterogeneous serpentine ribbons

Hongwoo Jang et al.

Summary: This article presents a novel heterogeneous serpentine ribbons design that enables a stretchable and robust interface between graphene e-tattoos and printed circuit boards, allowing for ambulatory electrodermal activity monitoring on the palm. The addition of a soft interlayer improves the strain concentration issue, and a new event selection policy validates the accuracy of the EDA sensor.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Touchless interactive teaching of soft robots through flexible bimodal sensory interfaces

Wenbo Liu et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a multimodal flexible sensory interface for teaching soft robots to perform skilled locomotion using bare human hands. The results show that the proposed method can effectively teach soft robots complex motions and enable them to complete specific tasks.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Physics, Applied

A programmable magnetoelastic sensor array for self-powered human-machine interface

Jing Xu et al.

Summary: This article introduces a stretchable, inexpensive, and waterproof magnetoelastic sensor array as a secondary skin for self-powered human-machine interaction. The sensor utilizes the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert mechanical pressure into magnetic field variation and generate electricity. With programmable functionalities, it can produce bespoke electric signals from human finger touch, enabling various applications such as wireless control of household appliances and music speakers.

APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ultrathin Fiber-Mesh Polymer Thermistors

Chihiro Okutani et al.

Summary: Ultrathin fiber-mesh polymer positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors are developed via electrospinning, exhibiting repeatable temperature characteristics and transparent and lightweight properties, which can be used for overheat prevention in on-skin and implantable devices.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Powered Edible Defrosting Sensor

Ivan K. Ilic et al.

Summary: In this work, a device that can detect defrosting events in the food supply chain is proposed. The device uses a temperature activated galvanic cell and an ionochromic cell to provide information about defrosting events. It can be used as a sensor or a detector, ensuring proper handling of frozen food.

ACS SENSORS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Hydrogel interfaces for merging humans and machines

Hyunwoo Yuk et al.

Summary: This review discusses the significance of hydrogels as a material to bridge the disparities between traditional machines and biological tissues, and provides a detailed overview of the functional modes, design principles, and current and future applications of hydrogel interfaces.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Mucosa-interfacing electronics

Kewang Nan et al.

Summary: This article aims to inspire hardware solutions for developing devices for personalized biosensing from the mucosa, by comparing the properties and functions of skin-interfacing and mucosa-interfacing electronics systems.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

CMU Array: A 3D nanoprinted, fully customizable high-density microelectrode array platform

Mohammad Sadeq Saleh et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed customizable and physically robust 3D multi-electrode devices using a 3D nanoparticle printing approach, allowing efficient recording and analysis of electrophysiological activity in the brain.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An artificial remote tactile device with 3D depth-of-field sensation

Shanshan Zhu et al.

Summary: Flexible tactile neuromorphic devices are important for human-machine collaboration, and this study presents a self-powered stretchable 3D remote tactile device that can sense the depth-of-field motion of external objects through a conductive-dielectric structure. The device establishes a logic relationship between the motion and sensory signals, and its performance is verified through an artificial-biological hybrid system. The feasibility of using this device as an obstacle-avoidance patch for the blind is demonstrated, paving the way for multimodal neuromorphic devices with brain-like intelligence capabilities.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Correction Engineering, Biomedical

A low-power stretchable neuromorphic nerve with proprioceptive feedback (Aug, 10.1038/s41551022-00918-x, 2022)

Yeongjun Lee et al.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A conformable sensory face mask for decoding biological and environmental signals

Jin-Hoon Kim et al.

Summary: This study presents a conformable sensory interface that can be attached to the inside of any user-supplied face mask, allowing for monitoring of signals related to infectious diseases, environmental conditions, and the wear status of the face mask. The system is capable of simultaneously monitoring multiple signals and wirelessly transmitting multimodal signals to a server through a custom-made mobile app.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A stretchable epidermal sweat sensing platform with an integrated printed battery and electrochromic display

Lu Yin et al.

Summary: This study presents a stretchable epidermal sweat sensing platform that integrates a stretchable battery and a low-power digital electrochromic display. The platform can operate independently and directly display the concentration of electrolytes or metabolites in sweat without the need for external connections. It demonstrates stability and resistance to mechanical deformation.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Wireless, Regeneratable Cocaine Sensing Scheme Enabled by Allosteric Regulation of pH Sensitive Aptamers

Shulin Chen et al.

Summary: A key challenge in continuous biosensing is the poor reusability of biorecognition interfaces. This study introduces a regeneratable biosensing scheme using a re-engineered pH sensitive anti-cocaine aptamer. The aptamer can regain affinity with target analytes through proton-promoted duplex-to-triplex transition in DNA configuration. The use of a Pd/PdHx electrode enables pH regulation of the local chemical environment. A flower-shaped, stretchable, and inductively coupled electronic system was also demonstrated for wireless biointegrated devices with sensing and energy harvesting capabilities. These advances have the potential to develop electronic sensing platforms with on-chip regeneration capability for continuous and real-time monitoring of chemical and biological markers.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Machine Learning-Based Rapid Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Graphene Electronic Nose

Nyssa S. S. Capman et al.

Summary: Rapid detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using graphene-based variable capacitor arrays has been demonstrated in this study. This versatile material allows for selective and rapid detection of multiple VOCs at different concentrations. Machine learning methods achieved high accuracy in classifying the VOCs.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

Ultrasensitive capacitive tactile sensor with heterostructured active layers for tiny signal perception

Hongsen Niu et al.

Summary: In this study, a strategy to introduce microstructures in both the dielectric and electrode layers of capacitive tactile sensors was developed. The synergistic effect of the hierarchical sea urchin TiO2 particle-in-micropore (HSP-MP) structure and the hierarchical microcone (HM) structure significantly improved the sensor's performance, achieving ultrasensitivity, ultrafast response/relaxation time, and ultralow limit of detection. The proposed sensor demonstrated practical applications in tiny signal perception, muscle motion perception, and pressure mapping.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Recent Advances in Transistor-Based Bionic Perceptual Devices for Artificial Sensory Systems

Hongli Yu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the latest progress in transistor-based bionic perceptual devices for artificial sense and discusses the opportunities and challenges in related fields.

FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Wearable bioelectronic masks for wireless detection of respiratory infectious diseases by gaseous media

Bingfang Wang et al.

Summary: A wearable bioelectronic mask device integrated with ion-gated transistors is developed for sensitive detection of trace-level liquid samples and ultra-low concentration gaseous media. The mask is capable of real-time and on-site detection of surrounding air, serving as an early warning system to prevent outbreaks of respiratory infectious diseases.

MATTER (2022)

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Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Systematic analysis of 50 years of Stanford University technology transfer and commercialization

Weixin Liang et al.

Summary: This article systematically investigates the technology licensing by Stanford University. The study found that the most profitable inventions are predominantly licensed by inventors' own startups, and there has been an increase in the proportion of female inventors over the past 25 years. The research also identified linguistic features in how the inventors and OTL describe the inventions that significantly correlate with the invention's future revenue.

PATTERNS (2022)

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Proceedings Paper Computer Science, Information Systems

Meander Coil plus plus : A Body-scale Wireless Power Transmission Using Safe-to-body and Energy-efficient Transmitter Coil

Ryo Takahashi et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a new coil charger called Meander Coil++, which enables safe and efficient wireless power delivery on a body-scale. By improving the design of traditional coil chargers, Meander Coil++ can address the inconvenience of frequent charging for wearable devices and enable sustainable long-term use.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2022 CHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS (CHI' 22) (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Intrinsically stretchable neuromorphic devices for on-body processing of health data with artificial intelligence

Shilei Dai et al.

Summary: This study reports an intrinsically stretchable electrochemical transistor-based neuromorphic device that provides a large number of states, excellent switching endurance, and good state retention. It also demonstrates the feasibility of performing vector-matrix multiplication even under high strain and achieving high accuracy in AI-based classification of health signals, minimally affected by the stretched state of the neuromorphic hardware.

MATTER (2022)

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Article Automation & Control Systems

Multimodal Sensors and ML-Based Data Fusion for Advanced Robots

Shengshun Duan et al.

Summary: This article reviews recent advances in multimodal sensing and processing systems for advanced robotics, presenting various types of multimodal sensors and data fusion algorithms. The challenges and future development of multimodal sensors and data fusion algorithms are discussed, and the potential applications of these advancements in different fields are highlighted.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Integration of body-mounted ultrasoft organic solar cell on cyborg insects with intact mobility

Yujiro Kakei et al.

Summary: Researchers have successfully integrated an ultrasoft organic solar cell module onto cyborg insects to preserve their motion abilities. The system utilizes ultrathin film electronics and an adhesive-nonadhesive interleaving structure to achieve basic insect motion, allowing traversal and self-righting. The body-mounted ultrathin organic solar cell module provides a power output of 17.2 mW, demonstrating the feasibility of recharging and wirelessly controlling the cyborg insects.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A fully inkjet-printed disposable gas sensor matrix with molecularly imprinted gas-selective materials

Lingpu Ge et al.

Summary: A fully inkjet-printed gas sensor matrix was fabricated on photographic paper using a combination of insulating ink, commercial silver ink, and molecular-imprinted polymer (MIP) inks. The MIP layer provided improved sensitivity and selectivity compared to non-imprinted polymer layers for detection of gases corresponding to the MIP template molecules.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Functional mimicry of Ruffini receptors with fibre Bragg gratings and deep neural networks enables a bio-inspired large-area tactile-sensitive skin

Luca Massari et al.

Summary: This paper presents the development of a large-area sensitive soft skin for robots, which allows for total-body coverage. By embedding photonic fibre Bragg grating transducers to mimic human tactile functionality and using a convolutional neural network deep learning algorithm, contact force magnitude and localization can be inferred. Experimental results show median errors of 35 mN and 3.2 mm for force and localization predictions, respectively.

NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Vapor and heat dual-drive sustainable power for portable electronics in ambient environments

Jiaxin Bai et al.

Summary: In this study, a high-performance power generator driven by vapor and heat is developed for portable electronics. This generator utilizes a ternary aggregate of a polyelectrolyte, conducting polymer, and a redox couple to achieve high efficiency. It can be used as a flexible personal energy-supply system and even light a bulb in a greenhouse. This work paves the way for sustainable energy generation by effectively collecting multiple types of natural energy.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis as a Potential Novel Screening Tool for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

Michelle Leemans et al.

Summary: This systematic review outlines the current research on breast cancer-associated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The results suggest that VOC analysis holds promise as a potential novel screening tool, but discrepancies in results due to methodological differences need to be addressed.

BIOMARKER INSIGHTS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Stress-Memorized HZO for High-Performance Ferroelectric Field-Effect Memtransistor

Shih-Hao Tsai et al.

Summary: This study proposes an approach to improve the characteristics of HfZrO2 (HZO)-based FeFET by controlling the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase and polarization. The method involves manipulating the surface morphology and stress of the HZO layer to enhance the dielectric breakdown strength, transistor ION/IOFF ratio, and memory window.

ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Nature-inspired materials and designs for flexible lithium-ion batteries

Heng Li et al.

Summary: This review summarizes novel flexible lithium-ion batteries inspired by natural and biological materials, discussing their design concepts and future development directions.

CARBON ENERGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Breath odor-based individual authentication by an artificial olfactory sensor system and machine learning

Chaiyanut Jirayupat et al.

Summary: This study conducted individual authentication based on breath odor sensing using an artificial olfactory sensor system, achieving a mean accuracy of >97% through a 16-channel chemiresistive sensor array and machine learning. The impact of the number of sensors on accuracy and reproducibility was also demonstrated.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Strategies for body-conformable electronics

Siyi Liu et al.

Summary: Advancements in flexible and stretchable electronics have enabled unprecedented coupling between electronics and bio-tissues. This review highlights the challenges in achieving body-conformable electronics and summarizes methods for improving device compliance and adhesion. Innovative bio-electronics integration procedures are also emphasized for enhancing device conformability.

MATTER (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Bio-inspired ultra-thin microfluidics for soft sweat-activated batteries and skin electronics

Mengge Wu et al.

Summary: This paper presents an ultra-thin, soft and biocompatible sweat-activated battery for driving wearable electronics and real-time monitoring of physiological signals.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Skin bioelectronics towards long-term, continuous health monitoring

Yan Wang et al.

Summary: Skin bioelectronics, with its unique characteristics, have been widely applied in healthcare and precision medicine, especially in long-term, continuous health monitoring. It can effectively analyze a wide range of health conditions, providing an effective pathway for early disease diagnosis and treatment.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Separator threads in yarn-shaped supercapacitors to avoid short-circuiting upon length

Nanfei He et al.

Summary: Yarn-shaped supercapacitors (YSCs) with good mechanical flexibility can be integrated into e-textiles. However, current YSCs still suffer from length short-circuiting due to the failure of gel electrolyte structure. In this study, separator threads are introduced to address this issue and a YSC configuration that can withstand mechanical deformation is proposed.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

A soft thumb-sized vision-based sensor with accurate all-round force perception

Huanbo Sun et al.

Summary: This article introduces a vision-based three-dimensional haptic sensor called Insight, which is robust, soft, and low-cost, and provides accurate force sensations. The sensor combines photometric stereo and structured light techniques and uses a deep neural network to map images to the spatial distribution of three-dimensional contact force.

NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Rare earth elements from waste

Bing Deng et al.

Summary: Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical materials in electronics and clean technologies. Researchers have developed an ultrafast electrothermal process to improve the extractability of REEs by activating waste materials. This process is energy-efficient and applicable to various types of waste.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Garment embedded sweat-activated batteries in wearable electronics for continuous sweat monitoring

Xingcan Huang et al.

Summary: This article introduces an ultra-thin, flexible, garment-based microelectronics system powered by sweat-activated batteries. It can continuously power biosensors and microelectronic systems for real-time sweat monitoring. The system has good electricity output, high biocompatibility, and potential for solving power issues in flexible wearable electronics.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Advances in flexible organic field-effect transistors and their applications for flexible electronics

Kai Liu et al.

Summary: Flexible electronics have great potential to improve human lives, but the lack of high-performance materials and mature manufacturing technologies is hindering their development. This review provides a detailed summary of the material choice and device design for flexible organic field-effect transistor (FOFET) devices and circuits, as well as the current applications and future potential.

NPJ FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Automation & Control Systems

Electronic Textile Sensors for Decoding Vital Body Signals: State-of-the-Art Review on Characterizations and Recommendations

Ikra Iftekhar Shuvo et al.

Summary: The digitization of textiles has opened up new possibilities for integrating conformable sensors, allowing for unobtrusive, noninvasive, and continuous decoding of vital body signals. This article provides a comprehensive review of the materials and fabrication methodologies used for textronic sensors at different stages of the textile manufacturing process, and discusses the performance characterization techniques currently employed.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2022)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Flexible and Stretchable Memristive Arrays for in-Memory Computing

Xusheng Liu et al.

Summary: With the advancement of IoT and AI technologies, there is a growing demand for flexible and stretchable electronic systems. Memristive devices with flexibility, stretchability, and in-memory processing ability show promise for data computing in such systems. This review focuses on recent progress in flexible and stretchable memristive arrays for in-memory computing, highlighting the materials used and strategies employed. The challenges and future prospects of this field are also discussed. Overall, this research aims to accelerate the development of flexible and stretchable memristive arrays for various intelligent systems.

FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Noninvasive and Point-of-Care Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Breathalyzer for Mass Screening of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) under 5 min

Shi Xuan Leong et al.

Summary: A hand-held surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based breathalyzer has been designed to identify COVID-19 infected individuals in under 5 minutes with over 95% sensitivity and specificity. The technology harnesses key variations in vibrational fingerprints between breath metabolites and molecular receptors to establish a high throughput classification model. This strategy aims to promote the development of next-generation, noninvasive human breath diagnostic toolkits.

ACS NANO (2022)

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Article Biophysics

Machine learning-assisted E-jet printing for manufacturing of organic flexible electronics

Mehran Abbasi Shirsavar et al.

Summary: The study focused on the electrical conductivity of E-jet printed circuits as a function of key printing parameters, using a machine learning algorithm to establish models capable of predicting the characteristics of the printed circuits in real-time. Random forest and K-NN model (k = 10) were identified as the best methods for classifying the conductivity of electrodes.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Emerging Pyroelectric Nanogenerators to Convert Thermal Energy into Electrical Energy

Hanjun Ryu et al.

Summary: Pyroelectric energy harvesting systems have gained attention for their potential applications as power generators, utilizing pyroelectric nanogenerators for low-power sensors. The development progress includes an overview of the pyroelectric effect, with detailed reviews of polymer and ceramic materials-based PyNGs. Challenges and prospects regarding PyNGs are also described.

SMALL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artificial Skin Perception

Ming Wang et al.

Summary: Electronic skin (e-skin) replicates human skin to achieve artificial sensation through flexible and stretchable electronic components. While progress has been made in data collection and transmission, the perception functionality is still in its early stage. Integrating perception into flexible sensing systems, artificial skin perception is crucial for endowing systems with higher intelligence.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Flexible Graphene-Channel Memory Devices: A Review

S. M. Sattari-Esfahlan et al.

Summary: With the increasing importance of memory technologies in our ever-digitalizing society, graphene is emerging as a promising material for building high-performance memories. There is a need to address some remaining issues for the advancement of flexible graphene memories in the future.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Conformal 3D printing of non-planar antennas on wrinkled and folded kapton films using point cloud data

Ezgi Kucukdeger et al.

Summary: This study presents a reverse engineering-driven method for conformal microextrusion 3D printing on complex structures and thin films, demonstrating the importance of considering substrate geometry and tool trajectory for optimal printing quality. The novel conformal microextrusion 3D printing process was showcased through the fabrication of antennas on various non-planar substrates, showing resonant frequencies ranging from 1.5 to 2.7 GHz.

FLEXIBLE AND PRINTED ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Electrical bioadhesive interface for bioelectronics

Jue Deng et al.

Summary: A bioelectronic adhesive interface based on a graphene nanocomposite hydrogel has been developed to provide rapid, robust, and detachable integration with diverse wet dynamic tissues. The interface exhibits high electrical conductivity, enabling bidirectional bioelectronic communications. Demonstrated in ex vivo porcine and in vivo rat models, this strategy shows promise in improving tissue-device integration and enhancing the performance of biointegrated electronic devices.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Self-powered cardiovascular electronic devices and systems

Qiang Zheng et al.

Summary: This article discusses the use of self-powered technology to harvest energy from the body and its ambient environment to power cardiovascular electronic devices, in order to extend battery life and enhance device functionality. It also introduces the main goals of current self-powered electronic devices applied in the cardiovascular field.

NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Integration of novel monitoring devices with machine learning technology for scalable cardiovascular management

Chayakrit Krittanawong et al.

Summary: Ambulatory monitoring is becoming increasingly important in cardiovascular care, but is limited by the unpredictability of cardiovascular events. Introduction of novel physiological biosignals may increase the frequency of abnormality detection, allowing for expert-level automated diagnosis, but raises concerns regarding accuracy and actionability. Utilizing analytical methods like machine learning may improve the accuracy and actionability of diagnoses, ultimately facilitating near-real-time diagnosis and therapy. Regulatory and ethical issues are recognized, but further technical and ethical challenges remain.

NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Patterning of Metal Nanowire Networks: Methods and Applications

Qijin Huang et al.

Summary: Metal nanowires, especially silver nanowires, have been recognized as promising candidate materials for flexible and stretchable electronics due to their high electrical conductivity and ability to maintain electrical conductivity under deformation. Precise patterning of metal nanowire networks is crucial for high-performance electronic devices and remains a critical challenge in the field.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stencil Printing of Liquid Metal upon Electrospun Nanofibers Enables High-Performance Flexible Electronics

Meng Wang et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a simple, fast, and green flexible electronics preparation technology, which uses stencil printing method to pattern liquid metal on thermoplastic polyurethane membrane prepared by electrospinning, and can prepare flexible circuit devices with good performance.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Skin-Inspired Artificial Mechanoreceptor for Tactile Enhancement and Integration

Fanfan Li et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates an artificial mechanoreceptor by integrating a resistive pressure sensor and a volatile memristor, mimicking tactile sensation in natural skin and converting external mechanical stimuli into electrical spikes. Enhancement of tactile sensation is achieved by processing pulse frequency characteristics, and the artificial mechanoreceptor provides a simple and efficient strategy for constructing future bio-inspired electronic systems.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Wearable Ultrahigh Current Power Source Based on Giant Magnetoelastic Effect in Soft Elastomer System

Guorui Chen et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the giant magnetoelastic effect in soft elastomer systems without the need for external magnetic fields, with a higher magnetomechanical coupling factor compared to traditional metal-based ferromagnetic materials. By combining this effect with electromagnetic induction, a wearable MEG was developed for biomechanical energy conversion, showcasing high output current, low internal impedance, and waterproof properties. The wearable MEG was also utilized as a power source for personalized thermoregulation, showing an increase in temperature in the fiber-shaped resistor.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artificial Sense Technology: Emulating and Extending Biological Senses

Jianwu Wang et al.

Summary: This article discusses the importance of biological senses for organisms' survival, proposes the concept of artificial sense technology, and highlights its differences and advantages compared to biological senses. Artificial sense technology is expected to play a key role in various fields.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Programmable Sensitivity Screening of Strain Sensors by Local Electrical and Mechanical Properties Coupling

Xi-Chao Tan et al.

Summary: By laser programming heterogeneous sensors, customized sensor performance can be achieved with optimized parameters for gauge factor variation within two orders of magnitude while maintaining good stretchability. This technology demonstrates potential in human-machine interaction through real-time monitoring and recognition of various gestures. Multiscale programming of material properties can further achieve excellent and tailored device performances.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanotechnology for a Sustainable Future: Addressing Global Challenges with the International Network4Sustainable Nanotechnology

Lisa Pokrajac et al.

Summary: In summary, nanotechnology can contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals through technological innovation and interdisciplinary approaches, accelerating progress both in individual countries and globally. Various nations are actively working towards these goals by targeting solutions, technology translation, and promoting a circular economy.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Emerging Wearable Sensors for Plant Health Monitoring

Giwon Lee et al.

Summary: Plant diseases caused by pathogens, pests, and climate change are significant threats to natural ecosystems and human life. Developing wearable plant sensors for real-time monitoring and tracking diseases is a promising approach, although the technology is still in its early stages and requires further optimization to address challenges in precision agriculture.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly Sensitive Capacitive Pressure Sensors over a Wide Pressure Range Enabled by the Hybrid Responses of a Highly Porous Nanocomposite

Kyoung-Ho Ha et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a new hybrid-response pressure sensor with increased sensitivity, achieved by combining electrically conductive porous nanocomposites with an ultrathin dielectric layer. Through simplified analytical models, they have successfully gained a fundamental understanding of the sensor and predicted optimal CNT doping.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Realization of an Artificial Visual Nervous System using an Integrated Optoelectronic Device Array

Tae-Ju Lee et al.

Summary: Human behavior is complex and based on responses to consecutive external stimuli entering various sensory receptors. Sensory adaptation, an elementary form of the sensory nervous system, filters out irrelevant information for efficient information transfer from consecutive stimuli. As bioinspired neuromorphic electronic systems develop, the functionality of organs is emulated at a higher level than the cell.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Transparent, Highly Stretchable, Solvent-Resistant, Recyclable Multifunctional Ionogel with Underwater Self-Healing and Adhesion for Reliable Strain Sensors

Liguo Xu et al.

Summary: This study introduces multifunctional ionogels with desirable properties prepared via one-step photoinitiated polymerization, showing excellent mechanical strength, resilience, and underwater adhesion. The ionogels, rich in noncovalent interactions, exhibit high tolerance against water and various organic solvents, making them promising for wearable sensors in detecting large body motions and subtle muscle movements.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Narrower Nanoribbon Biosensors Fabricated by Chemical Lift-off Lithography Show Higher Sensitivity

Chuanzhen Zhao et al.

Summary: Wafer-scale nanoribbon field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors fabricated by straightforward top-down processes are demonstrated as sensing platforms with high sensitivity to a broad range of biological targets. Large-area, uniform In2O3 nanoribbon FETs show better detection sensitivities for ions, small molecules, and oligonucleotides due to their higher surface-to-volume ratios.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multipurpose and Reusable Ultrathin Electronic Tattoos Based on PtSe2 and PtTe2

Dmitry Kireev et al.

Summary: Wearable bioelectronics focusing on the development of advanced person-oriented biomedical devices have garnered immense interest, particularly in utilizing skin-worn smart tattoos for monitoring vital signs. The development of ultrathin platinum-based two-dimensional dichalcogenide electronic tattoos has shown promising results in monitoring human physiological vital signs, potentially leading to advanced human-machine interfaces.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Highly Stretchable Wearable Electrochemical Sensor Based on Ni-Co MOF Nanosheet-Decorated Ag/rGO/PU Fiber for Continuous Sweat Glucose Detection

Yun Shu et al.

Summary: A wearable electrochemical sensor based on highly stretchable Ni-Co metal-organic framework/Ag/reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane fiber was fabricated successfully for continuous monitoring of glucose level in sweat with high sensitivity and accuracy, showing great potential for bio-diagnostics of body sweat.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Hybrid Sensor Systems with Feedback Functions

Kaichen Xu et al.

Summary: This study provides an overview of recent advances in feedback-driven, closed-loop skin-inspired flexible sensor systems that utilize emerging functional nanomaterials and complex structures. It highlights four categories of sensor systems, including prosthesis- and AR/VR-based human-machine interfaces, smartphone-based point-of-care detection approaches, and smart wearable displays for direct signal visualizations. Additionally, the progress of machine learning for reliable recognition of signals generated by flexible sensor networks is briefly discussed, aiming to enable the development of total sensory feedback loop systems for next-generation electronic skins.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Highly Breathable and Stretchable Strain Sensors with Insensitive Response to Pressure and Bending

Zekun Liu et al.

Summary: This paper presents a novel wearable strain sensor with high sensitivity and wide sensing range, which is breathable and insensitive to pressure and bending stimuli. It offers a new route for achieving comfortable, high-performance, and anti-jamming strain sensors.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Wearable Nutrition Tracker

Jiangqi Zhao et al.

Summary: A wearable sensor has been developed to selectively measure vitamin C concentration in biofluids using an electrochemical sensor with wide detection linearity, high selectivity, and long-term stability. The effects of vitamin C intake on sweat and urine were explored, showing that sweat and urine analysis could be promising methods for monitoring nutrition levels. The sensor has the potential to facilitate applications such as nutritional screening and dietary intervention.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Progress and Roadmap for Intelligent Self-Healing Materials in Autonomous Robotics

Yu Jun Tan et al.

Summary: Robots can tackle tasks in harsh environments such as the deep sea and outer space, while self-healing materials have the potential to reduce costs, decrease electronic waste, and enhance the longevity of robots.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

3D Interfacing between Soft Electronic Tools and Complex Biological Tissues

Hegeng Li et al.

Summary: Recent advancements in soft functional materials have provided opportunities for developing bioelectronic devices with tissue-like mechanical properties. These devices, when integrated into the human body, could offer advanced sensing and stimulation for medical purposes. The challenge lies in creating 3D interfaces between soft electronic tools and complex biological organs and tissues, with various innovative approaches being explored to address this issue, promising opportunities for further scientific research and technological innovation.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Biophysics

Wireless and battery-free platforms for collection of biosignals

Tucker Stuart et al.

Summary: Recent progress in biosensors has greatly expanded capabilities in research, diagnostics, and treatment, with machine learning and artificial intelligence playing a significant role. The importance of integrated and chronic sensing solutions has become increasingly evident, emphasizing the need for wireless and battery-free platforms for continuous biosignal collection.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biomimetic Impact Protective Supramolecular Polymeric Materials Enabled by Quadruple H-Bonding

Kai Liu et al.

Summary: This study presents an impact-protective supramolecular polymeric material inspired by sea cucumber dermis, which exhibits impact-hardening and reversible stiffness-switching characteristics achieved through dynamic aggregation of nanoscale hard segments, thus enhancing impact absorption capabilities.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Hydrogen-doped viscoplastic liquid metal microparticles for stretchable printed metal lines

Selvaraj Veerapandian et al.

Summary: This study introduces hydrogen doping to increase the conductivity of liquid metal particles, allowing for the printing of metallic and stretchable circuit lines. The printed lines exhibit excellent mechanical properties and long-term stability, making them suitable for use in various electronic applications.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Direct Fabrication of Stretchable Electronics on a Programmable Stiffness Substrate With 100% Strain Isolation

Enlong Li et al.

Summary: In this study, an effective method was proposed to spatially modulate the stiffness of an elastic substrate by controlling the formation of IPN. The experiments demonstrated a significant enhancement in Young's modulus of selected regions and 100% strain isolation characteristic. Integration of MOTFT array on the substrates showed negligible performance variation under high tensile strain and cycling.

IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A 5-pJ/Bit OOK Transmitter Using MEMS-Based RF Oscillator for IoT Application in 180-nm CMOS

Jingcheng Tao et al.

Summary: The letter presents an 800-MHz OOK transmitter for short-range IoT applications. The transmitter utilizes MEMS-based RF oscillator for carrier frequency generation, providing a high data rate of OOK modulation with low power consumption and quick startup time.

IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Multifunctional conductive hydrogel-based flexible wearable sensors

Lirong Wang et al.

Summary: Flexible sensors have shown great potential in various applications such as remote health monitoring and human-machine interfaces. Hydrogels, especially conductive hydrogels, have been increasingly used in wearable sensors, offering features like self-healing and anti-freezing capabilities.

TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Physics, Applied

Electrolyte-gated neuromorphic transistors for brain-like dynamic computing

Yongli He et al.

Summary: The rapid increase in data volume has created a demand for highly efficient computing paradigms, leading to growing interest in brain-like computing for its energy efficiency. Electrolyte-gated neuromorphic transistors play a key role in enabling dynamic neural information processing, including synaptic plasticity, dendritic integration, neural functions, and bio-inspired somatosensory systems.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Skin-Inspired Piezoelectric Tactile Sensor Array with Crosstalk-Free Row plus Column Electrodes for Spatiotemporally Distinguishing Diverse Stimuli

Weikang Lin et al.

Summary: This study introduces a piezoelectric tactile sensor array inspired by human skin, capable of real-time sensing and differentiation of various external stimuli in terms of magnitude, positions, and modes. The sensor array exhibits high sensitivity, long-term durability, and rapid response time, as well as scalability and ease of mass production. Its application potential includes health monitoring, detection of animal movements, and robotics.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Multilayered electronic transfer tattoo that can enable the crease amplification effect

Lixue Tang et al.

Summary: This multilayer electronic tattoo is highly stretchable, conformal, and sticky, enabling the crease amplification effect for integrated strain sensors. It is easy to fabricate, scalable, and can be used for temperature adjustment, movement monitoring, and remote control of robots.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Mechanical

Triboelectric mechanical sensors-Progress and prospects

Qiang Gao et al.

Summary: The development of triboelectric nanogenerators and sensors has increased the intelligence level of equipment and promoted their application in fields such as the internet of things and biomedicine. Triboelectric mechanical sensors have made significant progress in monitoring mechanical motion, vibration, pressure, and tactile perception.

EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Strain-insensitive intrinsically stretchable transistors and circuits

Weichen Wang et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates an all-elastomer strain engineering approach to create strain-insensitive intrinsically stretchable transistor arrays, achieving stable performance by adjusting stiffness through patterned elastomer layers. This method is suitable for developing devices for monitoring physiological signals with intimate interfaces to the human body.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A wearable biosensing system with in-sensor adaptive machine learning for hand gesture recognition

Ali Moin et al.

Summary: Wearable devices utilizing surface electromyography to monitor muscle activity for hand gesture recognition applications can implement a neuro-inspired hyperdimensional computing algorithm locally with adaptive learning capabilities. The system can classify multiple hand gestures in real-time with high accuracy, and adapt to varying conditions without the need for additional computation on an external device.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Review Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Stretchable transistors and functional circuits for human-integrated electronics

Yahao Dai et al.

Summary: The article reviews the development of stretchable transistors and functional circuits, examining progress in terms of materials and device engineering. The authors discuss the three established approaches for creating stretchable transistors and explore the current capabilities of stretchable transistors and circuits in human-integrated electronics, as well as the challenges involved in delivering advanced applications.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Skin Electronics: Next-Generation Device Platform for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Jae Joon Kim et al.

Summary: Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are emerging technologies that are overcoming physical limits in real life by leveraging advancements in devices and software. The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked increased interest in virtual experiences, leading to a need for more human-interactive and human-like devices to bridge the gap between artificial and natural perception. Skin electronics, utilizing the skin as a platform for functional devices and signal transmission, hold great potential for future VR and AR applications by enhancing human-computer interaction.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Morphable Ionic Electrode Based on Thermogel for Non-Invasive Hairy Plant Electrophysiology

Yifei Luo et al.

Summary: By using a thermogel-based morphable ionic electrode, the challenge of stable and high-fidelity non-invasive electrophysiology on plant trichomes has been overcome. This electrode achieves one-tenth of the impedance and 4-5 times the adhesive strengths of conventional hydrogel electrodes on hairy leaves.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Energy Harvesting and Storage with Soft and Stretchable Materials

Veenasri Vallem et al.

Summary: This review discusses the various ways of converting ambient energy into electricity using soft and stretchable materials, which is beneficial for emerging fields like stretchable electronics, e-skins, bio-integrated wearables, and soft robotics. By harnessing energy from the environment, these devices can have greater range of motion, better compliance, and increased application space.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Healing Soft Sensors: From Material Design to Implementation

Muhammad Khatib et al.

Summary: The rising demand for interfacing electronics in wearable electronics and electronic skins has led to extensive research on soft sensors that efficiently detect stimuli, but their sensitivity to structural and mechanical damage poses challenges. Studies on self-healing soft sensors are being conducted to improve reliability and performance.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Pathways of Developing High-Energy-Density Flexible Lithium Batteries

Jian Chang et al.

Summary: This article discusses the importance of the future development of FLBs, including achieving high energy density and high flexibility. It summarizes the industrial criteria of FLBs in flexible and wearable electronics applications, as well as strategies to achieve flexibility of FLBs and representative examples.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Biophysics

Continuous glucose monitoring systems-Current status and future perspectives of the flagship technologies in biosensor research

Inyoung Lee et al.

Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness in the United States with approximately 120 million affected adults. Tight glycemic control is essential for managing diabetes and reducing the risk of complications. Continuous glucose monitoring systems are recognized as the ideal monitoring systems for diabetic patients.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Approaches to deformable physical sensors: Electronic versus iontronic

Tae Yeong Kim et al.

Summary: In the past two decades, research on stretchable physical sensors has made significant technological advancements and has been applied in various fields. They have evolved from simple sensors to high-resolution array sensors with multiple functions. Different technological methods and principles have been explored based on target applications and materials.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanical computing

Hiromi Yasuda et al.

Summary: Mechanical mechanisms have a long history in information processing, but recent unconventional computing approaches have introduced the possibility of new mechanical computing systems that interact with and adapt to their environment. This presents both challenges and opportunities in exploring mechanical systems as a complement to traditional electronic computing.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High-frequency and intrinsically stretchable polymer diodes

Naoji Matsuhisa et al.

Summary: This paper presents an intrinsically stretchable diode based on stretchable organic and nanomaterials, capable of operating at a frequency as high as 13.56 megahertz. This advancement enables enhanced functionalities and capabilities for skin-like wearable electronics.

NATURE (2021)

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Book Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

In AI We Trust: Power, Illusion and Control of Predictive Algorithms

Reema Patel

NATURE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Giant magnetoelastic effect in soft systems for bioelectronics

Yihao Zhou et al.

Summary: The study found that dispersing micromagnets in a silicone matrix can achieve a highly efficient soft magnetoelastic generator, with a higher magnetomechanical coupling factor than rigid materials. This new type of flexible magnetic material can be used for stretchable, water-resistant magnetoelastic generators that can conform to human skin, opening up a new avenue for human-body-centered applications.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Flexible complementary circuits operating at sub-0.5 V via hybrid organic inorganic electrolyte-gated transistors

Yao Yao et al.

Summary: High-performance EGT complementary circuits with balanced electrical output for both p-type and n-type components have been achieved, enabling ultrahigh voltage gains and low driving voltages. NAND and NOR logic circuits with excellent logic response and impressive mechanical flexibility have been realized. The HCIN also enables amplification and monitoring of EOG signals, critical for wearable medical sensors and human-computer interaction interfaces.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Large-area display textiles integrated with functional systems

Xiang Shi et al.

Summary: Integrating display technology into textiles opens up exciting possibilities for smart electronic textiles, revolutionizing human-machine interactions and providing real-time communication tools for individuals with voice difficulties. This display textile, with its durable, flexible, and breathable design, offers stable brightness even when bent, stretched, or pressed, making it suitable for practical applications in various fields, including healthcare within the Internet of Things. This innovative approach combining electronic devices with textiles is expected to shape the next generation of electronics.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reagentless biomolecular analysis using a molecular pendulum

Jagotamoy Das et al.

Summary: This study introduces a sensing mechanism compatible with protein analysis, based on the motion of a molecular pendulum that utilizes field-induced transport to continuously track the presence of bound analytes on the sensor.

NATURE CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Permeable superelastic liquid-metal fibre mat enables biocompatible and monolithic stretchable electronics

Zhijun Ma et al.

Summary: A new type of stretchable conductor, liquid-metal fiber mat, has been developed with high permeability, stretchability, conductivity, and electrical stability, as well as good biocompatibility and adaptiveness to omnidirectional stretching. The liquid metal self-organizes into mesh-like and buckled structures on an electrospun elastomeric fiber mat, allowing for the realization of highly permeable and multifunctional monolithic stretchable electronics.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly stretchable multilayer electronic circuits using biphasic gallium-indium

Shanliangzi Liu et al.

Summary: Biphasic Ga-In, a printable conductor, with high conductivity and extreme stretchability, is used to create various stretchable circuit board assemblies through a scalable transfer-printing process. These assemblies include a multilayer light-emitting diode display, an amplifier circuit, and a signal conditioning board for wearable sensing applications.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Deep Learning-Based Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things towards Effective Energy Management for Smart Buildings

Mahmoud Elsisi et al.

Summary: The IoT technology enables intelligent decision-making and signal control between different machines, using deep learning methods to reduce energy consumption of air conditioners. The people detection system and YOLOv3 algorithm help optimize the management of air conditioning operations in smart buildings.

SENSORS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Printed Stretchable Liquid Metal Electrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Recording

Ruihua Dong et al.

Summary: A new fabrication strategy for highly stretchable neural electrode arrays based on screen printing of liquid metal conductors onto polydimethylsiloxane substrates was developed. The electrode arrays show a resolution of 50 μm and high biocompatibility, retaining stable electrical properties and mechanical performance under significant strain.

SMALL (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Wearables for Plants

Chun-Chun Qu et al.

Summary: Plant wearables, enabled by flexible sensors, allow for intimate contact with plants to monitor their growth status and microclimate in real-time. These wearables provide a promising platform for plant phenotype development and intelligent agriculture through monitoring and regulating physiological parameters and microclimate.

SMALL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A self-sustainable wearable multi-modular E-textile bioenergy microgrid system

Lu Yin et al.

Summary: This study introduces a novel e-textile microgrid system that relies solely on human activity for energy harvesting, showcasing efficient, autonomous, and sustainable design principles for wearable systems.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Transdermal electroosmotic flow generated by a porous microneedle array patch

Shinya Kusama et al.

Summary: The authors discuss the utilization of porous polymer microneedles combined with electroosmosis powered by enzymatic batteries to deliver small and large molecules across the skin efficiently.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

A comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art of piezoelectric energy harvesting

Nurettin Sezer et al.

Summary: Piezoelectric energy harvesting technology converts mechanical energy into electric power and has gained significant attention in the scientific community. Advances in materials and manufacturing processes are expected to power many electronics with piezoelectric generators in the future.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Wearable fiber-based thermoelectrics from materials to applications

Wen-Yi Chen et al.

Summary: Fiber-based thermoelectrics show great potential in charging wearable electronics due to their high performance, flexibility, and stability. The current focus is on unique designs, chemical engineering, fabrication methods, and improving thermoelectric performance.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High-specific-power flexible transition metal dichalcogenide solar cells

Koosha Nassiri Nazif et al.

Summary: The authors demonstrated the first flexible high power-per-weight TMD solar cells with record power conversion efficiency by addressing fundamental issues such as Fermi-level pinning, traditional doping schemes, and contamination during fabrication. By utilizing transparent graphene contacts, MoOx capping, and a non-damaging direct transfer method, they achieved a PCE of 5.1% and specific power of 4.4 W g(-1), projecting TMD solar cells to reach up to 46 W g(-1) specific power and creating new opportunities in various industries.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Hydrogel tapes for fault-tolerant strong wet adhesion

Bin Xue et al.

Summary: The authors report on the controlled electrical oxidation of catechol to catecholquinone, allowing for covalent adhesion that can be repositioned over longer times. The hydrogel tapes they developed show fast reversible adhesion at the initial stage and ultrastrong adhesion after the formation of covalent linkages over hours, promising broad biomedical and clinical applications.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Correction Multidisciplinary Sciences

Battery-free, wireless soft sensors for continuous multi-site measurements of pressure and temperature from patients at risk for pressure injuries (vol 12, 6827, 2021)

Yong Suk Oh et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Soft fibers with magnetoelasticity for wearable electronics

Xun Zhao et al.

Summary: The study shows that the magnetoelastic effect can exist not only in traditional rigid metals, but also in 1D soft fibers with a stronger magnetomechanical coupling. By inventing a textile magnetoelastic generator, the conversion of biomechanical energy to electrical energy is achieved.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Wireless, implantable catheter-type oximeter designed for cardiac oxygen saturation

Wei Lu et al.

Summary: The wireless, miniaturized, implantable optoelectronic catheter system introduced in this report offers high performance and patient-friendly monitoring of cardiopulmonary health, avoiding the risks and limitations associated with traditional technologies. In vitro and in vivo testing shows equivalent measurement accuracy and precision to existing clinical standards.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

An epidermal patch for the simultaneous monitoring of haemodynamic and metabolic biomarkers

Juliane R. Sempionatto et al.

Summary: This study presents a smart skin-worn device that can monitor blood pressure, heart rate, and various biomarkers, allowing for the capture of physiological effects of food intake and exercise.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Hybridized Systems for Enabling Next-Generation IoT Applications

Qiongfeng Shi et al.

Summary: TENG technology has been extensively used for mechanical energy harvesting, but most TENGs still have limitations; integrating TENG with other transducing mechanisms to form hybrid generators for harvesting multiple energy forms simultaneously; these hybrid generators can overcome the drawbacks of individual mechanisms to achieve reliable and stable output generation.

RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Wireless Self-Powered High-Performance Integrated Nanostructured-Gas-Sensor Network for Future Smart Homes

Zhilong Song et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates self-powered integrated nanostructured gas sensor systems and wirelessly connected sensor networks with features like room-temperature operation, ultrahigh sensitivity, and gas pattern recognition. Successful achievements include flammable gas leakage detection, alarm function, and gas leakage localization.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fusing Stretchable Sensing Technology with Machine Learning for Human-Machine Interfaces

Ming Wang et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the recent progress in the fusion of stretchable sensing technology and machine learning technology in bioelectrical signal recognition, tactile perception, and multimodal integration, discussing challenges and future developments in the field.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Oligonucleotide-Distortion-Responsive Organic Transistor for Platinum-Drug-Induced DNA-Damage Detection

Dekai Ye et al.

Summary: The study introduces an organic transistor with the ability to evaluate DNA damage, providing a highly sensitive response to gene damage even at very low concentrations. The transistor shows potential for wide application in high-throughput biotoxicity evaluation and drug screening.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Touch-Based Stressless Cortisol Sensing

Wanxin Tang et al.

Summary: The new touch-based non-invasive cortisol sensor allows for rapid, simple, and reliable detection of cortisol in sweat, with highly selective binding and direct electrical signaling. Additionally, the use of highly permeable sweat-wicking porous hydrogel enables convenient and rapid collection of instantly secreted fingertip sweat.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Soil Sensors and Plant Wearables for Smart and Precision Agriculture

Heyu Yin et al.

Summary: Soil sensors and plant wearables are crucial in smart agriculture, monitoring soil signals to optimize crop growth and yields. This review covers important soil sensors, their technologies, designs, and performance, as well as discusses emerging technologies and challenges in precision agriculture.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Biophysics

Interface sensors with skin piezo-thermic transduction enable motion artifact removal for wearable physiological monitoring

Liangqi Wang et al.

Summary: The study introduces an interface sensor using natural piezo-thermic transduction to detect noncontact proximity and contact pressure between wearable sensors and human skin. A watch-type heart rate monitor utilizing the interface sensors removes motion artifacts for a photoplethysmography sensor through adaptive filtering, resulting in more accurate HR estimations during physical exercises.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Biophysics

Machine learning-assisted calibration of Hg2+sensors based on carbon nanotube field-effect transistors

Long Bian et al.

Summary: The research presents a method of utilizing machine learning techniques to create a calibration method for carbon nanotube sensors, successfully extending the dynamic range of analyte concentrations up to 12 orders of magnitude and further enhancing model performance. Functionalized nanosensors are also found to exhibit selective detection capability for Hg2+ ions.

BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Osmotically Enabled Wearable Patch for Sweat Harvesting and Lactate Quantification

Tamoghna Saha et al.

Summary: The newly developed wearable sweat sampling patch combines osmosis and capillary action for long-term sweat withdrawal and management with high accuracy in measuring sweat lactate levels under different conditions. The correlation between lactate levels in sweat and blood is higher during high-intensity exercise, suggesting that sweat is a suitable biofluid for lactate quantification. The wearable patch holds the potential of providing a comprehensive analysis of sweat lactate trends in the human body.

MICROMACHINES (2021)

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Review Environmental Sciences

Value-added products from thermochemical treatments of contaminated e-waste plastics

Pallab Das et al.

Summary: The increasing generation of e-waste worldwide, containing a significant proportion of plastics, necessitates the need for recycling and removal of toxins before processing. This review article provides an in-depth account of thermochemical processes for the recycling and recovery of e-waste plastics, highlighting the importance of addressing contamination and environmental hazards in the recycling process.

CHEMOSPHERE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Colorimetric Dermal Tattoo Biosensor Fabricated by Microneedle Patch for Multiplexed Detection of Health-Related Biomarkers

Rongyan He et al.

Summary: The colorimetric dermal tattoo biosensor developed in this study allows for simultaneous detection and monitoring of multiple health-related biomarkers, showing great potential for long-term health monitoring with its features of minimal invasion, easy operation, and equipment-free result reading.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Monolithic 3D Integrated Circuits: Recent Trends and Future Prospects

Krithika Dhananjay et al.

Summary: Monolithic 3D integration technology offers higher integration density and communication bandwidth for data-centric applications. Despite increasing research efforts, commercial products are not yet available.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hybrid-Flexible Bimodal Sensing Wearable Glove System for Complex Hand Gesture Recognition

Jieming Pan et al.

Summary: The use of a hybrid flexible wearable system, combining bimodal capacitive sensors and machine learning algorithms, enables accurate recognition of complex gestures, improving communication bandwidth and overcoming interface barriers.

ACS SENSORS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Organic neuromorphic electronics for sensorimotor integration and learning in robotics

Imke Krauhausen et al.

Summary: Researchers introduced an organic neuromorphic circuit on a robot to achieve local sensorimotor merging and processing, allowing the robot to learn and follow paths in a maze. This approach offers an affordable, versatile, and readily accessible platform for exploring, designing, and evaluating behavioral intelligence.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A stretchable and strain-unperturbed pressure sensor for motion interference-free tactile monitoring on skins

Qi Su et al.

Summary: The pressure sensor presented in the study combines an ionic capacitive sensing mechanism and a mechanically hierarchical microstructure to achieve high stretchability and sensitivity. It exhibits 98% strain insensitivity up to 50% strain and a low pressure detection limit of 0.2 Pa, allowing for accurate sensation of physical interactions on human or soft robotic skin.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A flexible, stretchable system for simultaneous acoustic energy transfer and communication

Peng Jin et al.

Summary: The development of a thin, battery-free, flexible implantable system based on flexible electronic technology offers a potential solution to the drawback of surgically replacing batteries in implantable medical devices. Animal experiments demonstrated the system's ability to detect abnormal heartbeats and stimulate the heart, showcasing its potential clinical utility for emergent treatment.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Flexible artificial Si-In-Zn-O/ion gel synapse and its application to sensory-neuromorphic system for sign language translation

Seyong Oh et al.

Summary: A flexible artificial synapse based on a silicon-indium-zinc-oxide (SIZO)/ion gel hybrid structure has been proposed, showing stable performance under high mechanical and electrical stress. Additionally, a sensory-neuromorphic system for sign language translation has been successfully designed and evaluated, achieving a high recognition rate.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Binder-free printed PEDOT wearable sensors on everyday fabrics using oxidative chemical vapor deposition

Michael Clevenger et al.

Summary: Utilizing the oCVD technique, a uniform PEDOT layer was successfully achieved on various everyday fabrics, allowing for the direct deposition and patterning of PEDOT on disposable gloves and masks to fabricate sensors for monitoring blood pressure and respiratory rate. These innovative results pave the way for efficient and affordable sensors for personal health care monitoring.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Customizable, conformal, and stretchable 3D electronics via predistorted pattern generation and thermoforming

Jungrak Choi et al.

Summary: This research presents a novel fabrication method for three-dimensional electronics (3DE) based on predistorted pattern generation and thermoforming, achieving high customizability, conformability, and stretchability. The use of thermoplastic elastomer and liquid metal-based conductive electrode enables high thermoformability and stretchability in the fabricated 3DE, potentially introducing diverse functionalities and multiscale 3D morphologies in wearable electronics.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Direct gold bonding for flexible integrated electronics

Masahito Takakuwa et al.

Summary: The study introduces a water vapor plasma-assisted bonding (WVPAB) technique for direct bonding of gold electrodes on ultrathin polymer films, enabling a strong and stable interface for successful interconnection of ultraflexible electronic systems.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Implantable aptamer-field-effect transistor neuroprobes for in vivo neurotransmitter monitoring

Chuanzhen Zhao et al.

Summary: Implantable aptamer-field-effect transistor (FET) neuroprobes were developed for monitoring neurotransmitters, enabling femtomolar serotonin detection limits in brain tissue. This study opens opportunities for integrated neural activity recordings at high spatiotemporal resolution by combining these aptamer-FET sensors with other types of Si-based implantable probes.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Conformable microneedle pH sensors via the integration of two different siloxane polymers for mapping peripheral artery disease

Wonryung Lee et al.

Summary: The study developed a microneedle sensor on a hybrid substrate based on high Young's modulus epoxy siloxane and low Young's modulus polydimethylsiloxane, successfully achieving a microneedle sensor array on a flexible substrate. Mechanical durability was assessed through insertion into pig skin 1000 times, and the utility of flexible microneedle pH sensors in monitoring pH distribution in a disease model was demonstrated.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Wirelessly operated bioelectronic sutures for the monitoring of deep surgical wounds

Viveka Kalidasan et al.

Summary: Monitoring surgical wounds post-operatively is crucial to prevent infections and complications. Multifilament surgical sutures with conductive polymer and capacitive sensors operated via radiofrequency identification can accurately monitor the physicochemical states of deep surgical sites.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Textile-integrated metamaterials for near-field multibody area networks

Amirhossein Hajiaghajani et al.

Summary: Textile-integrated metamaterials can be used to drive long-distance near-field communication, creating secure and on-demand body area networks for wearable and implantable sensors, enabling the development of advanced healthcare monitoring technologies.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A thin and flexible scanner for fingerprints and documents based on metal halide perovskites

Albert J. J. M. van Breemen et al.

Summary: Solution-processed metal halide perovskite photodiodes on plastic substrates can create flexible image sensors with low dark currents and high resolutions. By using an amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide transistor backplane, the system achieves high photodetectivity in the 550 nm to 770 nm wavelength range, making it suitable for applications such as document scanning and biometric fingerprinting.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Review Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Wireless power transfer based on novel physical concepts

Mingzhao Song et al.

Summary: This article reviews the development of new physical effects and materials for wireless power transfer, including various new technologies such as coherent perfect absorption, parity-time symmetry and exceptional points, on-site power generation, metamaterials and metasurfaces, and acoustic power transfer.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flexible thermoelectric materials and devices: From materials to applications

Li Zhang et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress of flexible thermoelectric materials, including conducting polymers, organic/inorganic hybrid composites, and fully inorganic materials. The strategies and approaches for enhancing the thermoelectric properties of different flexible materials are detailed overviewed.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Organic synaptic transistors for flexible and stretchable artificial sensory nerves

Dae-Gyo Seo et al.

Summary: Artificial nerve electronics, or nervetronics, focuses on developing bioinspired electronics for sensory functions. Artificial synapses are core technologies that reduce energy consumption and increase sensitivity. Organic artificial synapses are essential for flexible and stretchable artificial nerves.

MRS BULLETIN (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advances in oxidase-mimicking nanozymes: Classification, activity regulation and biomedical applications

Yu Chong et al.

Summary: This article introduces the classification, catalytic mechanisms, and methods for regulating the activity of oxidase-mimicking nanozymes, discusses their potential applications in the biomedical field, and also points out the research opportunities and challenges in this area.

NANO TODAY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultralow contact resistance between semimetal and monolayer semiconductors

Pin-Chun Shen et al.

Summary: The article discusses achieving ohmic contact between semimetallic bismuth and semiconducting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, suppressing metal-induced gap states and significantly reducing contact resistance. Experimental results demonstrate zero Schottky barrier height and high on-state current density on multilayer MoS2.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Hydrogel-based biocontainment of bacteria for continuous sensing and computation

Tzu-Chieh Tang et al.

Summary: A hydrogel-based encapsulation system, known as DEPCOS, has been developed to provide deployable physical containment for genetically modified microorganisms, preventing their escape and protecting them against environmental insults. It also allows for controlled lifespan and easy retrieval of bacteria, showcasing versatility in executing useful functions such as cell-cell communication and heavy metal sensing.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Bilayer of polyelectrolyte films for spontaneous power generation in air up to an integrated 1,000 V output

Haiyan Wang et al.

Summary: A heterogeneous moisture-enabled electric generator has been developed, which can generate high voltage at low humidity and power various electronic devices.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Fabrication, characterization and applications of graphene electronic tattoos

Dmitry Kireev et al.

Summary: Numerous fields are shifting towards developing high-end, low-cost solutions, with graphene electronic tattoos (GETs) being ideal for future wearable technology. The GET fabrication protocol utilizes high-quality graphene and low-cost methods, making it easily replicable in simple laboratories.

NATURE PROTOCOLS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Automated, multiparametric monitoring of respiratory biomarkers and vital signs in clinical and home settings for COVID-19 patients

Xiaoyue Ni et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a new medical monitoring system that can continuously monitor physiological parameters of COVID-19 patients and assess the risk of disease spread by studying sound events such as coughing. By continuously monitoring cough frequency and intensity, changes in trends during the course of disease recovery can be observed.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comprehensive pregnancy monitoring with a network of wireless, soft, and flexible sensors in high- and low-resource health settings

Dennis Ryu et al.

Summary: The text discusses the importance of monitoring the health and safety of women and newborns during pregnancy, labor, and childbirth, as well as the complexity and high cost of current monitoring systems and the challenges of implementation in low-resource settings. It also introduces an integrated monitoring platform leveraging advanced flexible electronics, wireless connectivity, and compatibility with a wide range of low-cost mobile devices.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

A Review of RFID Sensors, the New Frontier of Internet of Things

Filippo Costa et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the technological solutions for RFID sensing and discusses the benefits of using RFID sensors, such as the absence of batteries and lower cost. It categorizes RFID sensors into chipped and chipless configurations and analyzes their working mechanisms. While chip-equipped RFID sensing is mature and increasingly present in the market, chipless RFID sensing is a relatively new concept that requires further research for customization in specific scenarios.

SENSORS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A wearable patch for continuous analysis of thermoregulatory sweat at rest

Hnin Yin Yin Nyein et al.

Summary: The study presents wearable microfluidics-based patches for continuous sweat monitoring at rest, enabling detection of pH, Cl-, and levodopa for dynamic sweat analysis related to routine activities, stress events, hypoglycemia-induced sweating, and Parkinson's disease, thus allowing for continuous and autonomous monitoring of body physiology at rest.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A biomimetic neural encoder for spiking neural network

Shiva Subbulakshmi Radhakrishnan et al.

Summary: The authors present a biomimetic dual-gated MoS2 field effect transistor capable of encoding analog signals into stochastic spike trains at an energy cost of 1-5pJ/spike. The demonstration includes encoding analog signals following various neural encoding algorithms and achieving over 91% accurate inference on the MNIST dataset with a trained SNN in approximately 200 timesteps. This highlights the potential for implementing spiking neural networks in future neuromorphic hardware.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Self-powered ultraflexible photonic skin for continuous bio-signal detection via air-operation-stable polymer light-emitting diodes

Hiroaki Jinno et al.

Summary: The integration of ultraflexible optical sensors with power sources faces challenges due to the insufficient air operational stability of polymer light-emitting diodes. However, by combining air-operation-stable polymer light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells, and organic photodetectors, a self-powered organic optical system for photoplethysmogram monitoring has been developed. This system demonstrates high linearity and stability, making it suitable for long-term health monitoring applications.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Imperceptible energy harvesting device and biomedical sensor based on ultraflexible ferroelectric transducers and organic diodes

Andreas Petritz et al.

Summary: This study introduces ultraflexible ferroelectric polymer transducers and organic diodes for imperceptible sensing and energy harvesting, showing enhanced sensitivity and excellent flexibility when integrated on ultrathin substrates. These technologies enable the development of imperceptible wireless e-health patches with improved sensitivity, fast response, and mechanical stability for precise monitoring of vital parameters. Additionally, combining transducers with rectifiers based on ultraflexible organic diodes results in a thin and efficient energy harvesting device with great potential for self-powering e-health systems.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Physics, Condensed Matter

Flexible energy storage devices for wearable bioelectronics

Xiaohao Ma et al.

Summary: In recent years, active materials and fabrication strategies of flexible energy storage devices have been intensively studied, especially for integrated self-powered systems and biosensing applications. Flexible energy storage devices, known for stable power supply and flexibility, show great potential for use in wearable electronics.

JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTORS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Hollow medium-entropy alloy nanolattices with ultrahigh energy absorption and resilience

James Utama Surjadi et al.

Summary: This study presents the development of hollow CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA) nanolattices with high specific energy absorption and resilience, achieved by leveraging size-induced ductility and rationally engineered MEA microstructural defects. These findings suggest a new pathway for lightweight mechanical metamaterials with high strength, toughness, and recoverability for engineering applications.

NPG ASIA MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Flexible Wearable Sensors for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring

Shuwen Chen et al.

Summary: This paper outlines and discusses advanced flexible wearable sensors for monitoring cardiovascular vital signals, highlighting functional materials, configurations, mechanisms, and recent advances, as well as discussing challenges, possible strategies, and future directions. With rapid development, these flexible wearable sensors have the potential to be applied for both medical diagnosis and daily healthcare use in addressing cardiovascular diseases.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Design Strategies for Tough and Stretchable Hydrogels

Chiranjit Maiti et al.

Summary: This MiniReview explores the latest mechanically strong hydrogels, categorizing them based on double networks and dual physical crosslinking. It also delves into uniquely designed hydrogels to guide future development for superior mechanical performance.

CHEMPLUSCHEM (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Anisotropic, Wrinkled, and Crack-Bridging Structure for Ultrasensitive, Highly Selective Multidirectional Strain Sensors

Heng Zhang et al.

Summary: This research develops an ultrasensitive, highly selective multidirectional strain sensor through rational design of functionally different anisotropic layers. The sensor demonstrates superior sensitivity with a gauge factor of 287.6 across a broad linear working range, and exceptional selectivity of 6.3 for accurate detection of loading directions.

NANO-MICRO LETTERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Self-powered 5G NB-IoT system for remote monitoring applications

Guosheng Hu et al.

Summary: This study introduces a self-powered 5G narrowband IoT system for remote fire monitoring, driven by a magnetic-assisted noncontact energy harvester. Through optimizing a magnetic arrangement, the rotating peak torque can be reduced more than 93%, providing an effective strategy for practical applications of self-powered remote monitoring systems.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Three-dimensional, multifunctional neural interfaces for cortical spheroids and engineered assembloids

Yoonseok Park et al.

Summary: Scientists are developing microfabricated 3D frameworks as neural interfaces for studying complex brain features in biological systems. These neural interfaces can achieve multiple functions, providing various opportunities for basic neuroscience research.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Differential cardiopulmonary monitoring system for artifact-canceled physiological tracking of athletes, workers, and COVID-19 patients

Hyoyoung Jeong et al.

Summary: Skin-integrated soft electronic sensors can continuously measure diverse physiological parameters, with design strategies to reduce the impact of motion artifacts on the signals. These dual-sensing devices can measure physiological parameters such as heart rate and respiratory activities during daily activities, even during intense exercises and swimming.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A soft and transparent contact lens for the wireless quantitative monitoring of intraocular pressure

Joohee Kim et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed and tested a new soft and transparent contact lens for wireless monitoring of intraocular pressure in real time using a smartphone, proving its safety and accuracy in animal and human participants.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Nanogenerators for smart cities in the era of 5G and Internet of Things

Xun Zhao et al.

Summary: The rapid development of 5G technology has propelled the advancement of smart cities, with nanogenerators playing a crucial role in providing sustainable power sources and self-powered sensing systems.

JOULE (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Free-Standing Multilayer Molybdenum Disulfide Memristor for Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Applications

Amin Abnavi et al.

Summary: Research has successfully developed a memristor based on independent multilayer MoS2, showing potential applications in data storage with high current on/off ratio and stable retention time. By modulating carrier density with light, the on/off ratio can be further increased. These devices successfully mimicked photosynaptic functions and exhibited short- and long-term memory behaviors.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Wireless Technologies for Energy Harvesting and Transmission for Ambient Self-Powered Systems

Chengmei Jiang et al.

Summary: The era of IoT requires sustainable power methods for widely distributed sensing devices. Self-powered systems utilizing ambient energy have emerged as a potential solution. The integration of wireless technologies with self-powered systems addresses energy challenges without the constraints of wires.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Multimodal Artificial Neurological Sensory-Memory System Based on Flexible Carbon Nanotube Synaptic Transistor

Haochuan Wan et al.

Summary: The sensory-memory system is crucial in the formation of human intelligence, enabling perception, interaction, and evolution with the environment. The electronic implementation of this system is driving the development of environment-interactive artificial intelligence, potentially expanding the application of AI in human-computer interaction. The biomimetic intelligence demonstrated in this system shows promise in advancing multimodal, user-environment interactive AI.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface Activity-Tuned Metal Oxide Chemiresistor: Toward Direct and Quantitative Halitosis Diagnosis

Hamin Shin et al.

Summary: This study successfully prepared a sensing material with high selectivity and sensitivity to hydrogen sulphide by combining nanofibers with alkaline metal and noble metal catalysts, enabling direct and rapid detection of H2S in human breath with high accuracy for halitosis analysis.

ACS NANO (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Failure Mechanisms in Flip-Chip Bonding on Stretchable Printed Electronics

Mohammad H. Behfar et al.

Summary: Advancements in printed electronics technology are transforming the manufacturing process in various industries, necessitating robust circuits and systems that can withstand mechanical deformations. This study explores the reliability of ultrathin bare dies on soft and highly stretchable printed circuits, using empirical and analytical approaches, to develop a stretchable wireless temperature logger test device. Through screening tests and statistical analysis, key factors contributing to contact failures in chip assembly are identified, including pad delamination, air voids at the chip-to-substrate interface, stiffness of conductive adhesives, and bonding parameters.

ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Trigger-Detachable Hydrogel Adhesives for Bioelectronic Interfaces

Yu Xue et al.

Summary: The study introduces a hydrogel-based electronics-tissue interface with high toughness achieved through dynamic interactions, enabling the monitoring of physiological signals in bioelectronics. These hydrogel adhesion layers can be easily detached upon mild triggering without causing any damage, trauma, or discomfort to the skin, tissues, and organs.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biodegradable Implantable Sensors: Materials Design, Fabrication, and Applications

Nureddin Ashammakhi et al.

Summary: The ability to monitor diseases, therapies, and their effects on the body is crucial in modern healthcare. Biodegradable sensors offer a potential solution to issues with traditional implantable sensors, but they are currently limited by size and material selection.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Digital Electrochemistry for On-Chip Heterogeneous Material Integration

Bin Bao et al.

Summary: Many modern electronic applications rely on active-matrix integration on a single chip, while next-generation electronics require heterogeneous integration of different devices for enhanced functionality and performance. Despite its challenges, digital electrochemistry is explored as a solution to overcome obstacles in heterogeneous material integration.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible and Stretchable Capacitive Sensors with Different Microstructures

Jing Qin et al.

Summary: Sensors that can simulate human skin have gained extensive attention, with flexible capacitive sensors playing a key role in various fields. The design of microstructures is crucial for improving sensitivity, with five commonly used microstructures for pressure sensors and four for strain sensors. The advantages, disadvantages, and practical values of different structures are systematically elaborated to guide the development of advanced flexible and stretchable capacitive sensors.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Anti-Fatigue Design Strategy for 3D Ribbon-Shaped Flexible Electronics

Xu Cheng et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates an anti-fatigue strategy to prolong the fatigue life of 3D ribbon-shaped flexible electronics by switching the metal-dominated failure to desired polymer-dominated failure. Through in situ measurements and computational studies, a failure criterion capable of accurately predicting fatigue lives under out-of-plane compressions is established, providing useful guidelines for the design of anti-fatigue mesostructures with diverse 3D geometries. Two mechanically reliable 3D devices are presented as examples to highlight potential applications in long-term health monitoring and human-like robotic perception.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Stretchable and Transparent Electrode Based on PEGylated Silk Fibroin for In Vivo Dual-Modal Neural-Vascular Activity Probing

Yajing Cui et al.

Summary: This study presents a transparent and stretchable hydrogel electrode based on PEDOT:PSS and PEGylated silk protein, which improves the performance of conventional silk hydrogels for transparent neural interfaces with good electrical performance and stretchability.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bio-Inspired Hybrid Dielectric for Capacitive and Triboelectric Tactile Sensors with High Sensitivity and Ultrawide Linearity Range

Bing Ji et al.

Summary: By developing a novel hybrid dielectric inspired by human skin, high pressure-resolution and sensitivity up to 1000 kPa(-1) can be simultaneously achieved in flexible tactile sensors, ensuring linear behavior across a broad range.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Bioinspired Stretchable Sensory-Neuromorphic System

Sun Hong Kim et al.

Summary: This new bioinspired system features stretchable sensory-neuromorphic technology with good stretchability and conductivity, accurately recognizing various patterned stimuli through an artificial neural network. The design of the system not only improves areal density and structural reliability but also avoids the thermal degradation of heat-sensitive stretchable electronic components.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ambulatory Cardiovascular Monitoring Via a Machine-Learning-Assisted Textile Triboelectric Sensor

Yunsheng Fang et al.

Summary: The wearable bioelectronic device developed is a low-cost, lightweight, and mechanically durable textile triboelectric sensor that can convert skin deformation caused by arterial pulsatility into electricity for continuous pulse waveform monitoring. The sensor has a high signal-to-noise ratio, fast response time, and high sensitivity. With the assistance of machine learning algorithms, it can accurately measure systolic and diastolic pressure and share health data through a customized cellphone application.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Cactus-Spine-Inspired Sweat-Collecting Patch for Fast and Continuous Monitoring of Sweat

Jonghyun Son et al.

Summary: A sweat sensor using a sweat-collecting patch efficiently collects sweat and allows for quick response to and continuous monitoring of changes in sweat biochemicals.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bitter Flavored, Soft Composites for Wearables Designed to Reduce Risks of Choking in Infants

Donghwi Cho et al.

Summary: Wireless, skin-integrated devices can greatly improve patient care by continuously monitoring vital signs, but pose a choking hazard for infants. A materials strategy involving composite materials that release bitter compounds to prevent ingestion has been proposed to enhance safety and protect children using these devices.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Confinement of Ultrasmall Bimetallic Nanoparticles in Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks via Site-Specific Nucleation

Chungseong Park et al.

Summary: In this study, highly active and stable cMOFs were developed by confining bimetallic nanoparticles in the pores of a 2D cMOF, paving the way for the synthesis of highly active and conductive porous materials via bimetallic and/or multimetallic NP loading.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

An Intrinsically Micro-/Nanostructured Pollen Substrate with Tunable Optical Properties for Optoelectronic Applications

Youngkyu Hwang et al.

Summary: This study reports the fabrication of a flexible substrate made from pollen, which exhibits high transparency (>92%) and high haze (>84%), with optical properties that are tunable and arise from light-matter interactions with the spiky surface of pollen particles. The pollen substrate, readily obtained from nature and requiring minimal extraction or processing, can be incorporated into optoelectronic applications such as functional perovskite solar cells.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Boron Nitride Nanosheets Can Induce Water Channels Across Lipid Bilayers Leading to Lysosomal Permeabilization

Matteo Andrea Lucherelli et al.

Summary: The study investigates the interaction between hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanosheets of different shapes and cell membranes, finding that sharp-edged hBN can form cross-membrane water channels leading to cellular toxicity, while round hBN does not exhibit this behavior.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Soft Variable-Area Electrical-Double-Layer Energy Harvester

Veenasri Vallem et al.

Summary: This research presents a completely soft and stretchable energy harvester that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy by mechanically varying the area of an electrical-double-layer capacitor. Unlike previous methods, this harvester uses liquid-metal electrodes within a hydrogel, and can operate under various modes of deformation.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stretchable Thin Film Mechanical-Strain-Gated Switches and Logic Gate Functions Based on a Soft Tunneling Barrier

Soosang Chae et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates mechanical-strain-gated electric switches based on a thin-film architecture that successfully achieves an insulator-to-conductor transition and a nine-order magnitude change in conductivity within a tunable working strain range. By realizing strain-controlled basic and universal logic gates, mechanical-force-controlled electric logic circuits are achieved.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lead-Free Perovskite Photodetectors: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Yiqi Zhang et al.

Summary: Although lead-based photodetectors have unique and superior optoelectronic properties, their poor stability necessitates the substitution of lead with non-toxic elements to achieve comparable performance and long-term stability. Developing lead-free perovskite photodetectors shows promise for practical applications in various fields such as optical communication, image sensing, and narrowband photodetection.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Soft and Absorbable Temporary Epicardial Pacing Wire

Chen Hang et al.

Summary: The soft and absorbable saTPW is developed as a temporary epicardial pacing wire for correcting abnormal heart rates in animal models effectively. It shows excellent conductivity, flexibility, and cycling stability, with minimal inflammatory response during subcutaneous implantation. The saTPW can degrade over time in the body, avoiding secondary injuries caused by permanently left wires.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A 70-μW 1.35-mm2 Wireless Sensor With 32 Channels of Resistive and Capacitive Sensors and Edge-Encoded PWM UWB Transceiver

Yuxuan Luo et al.

Summary: This article presents a wireless multi-channel sensor interface circuit using a CDMA-like sensing method to record both resistive and capacitive sensors, transmitting wirelessly through a PWM UWB transmitter with edge-encoding technique to achieve a high SNR. The fabricated sensor node is energy efficient with a die area of 1.35 mm(2) and consumes 70 mu W power.

IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

A Super-Sensitivity Photoacoustic Receiver System-on-Chip Based on Coherent Detection and Tracking

Chuanshi Yang et al.

Summary: A novel photoacoustic receiver system-on-chip with coherent detection has been developed, showing significant improvement in sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio for detecting weak photoacoustic signals in deep in-vivo imaging.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Facile fabrication of sensitivity-tunable strain sensors based on laser-patterned micro-nano structures

Shuo Zhang et al.

Summary: This research introduces a facile fabrication strategy for configuring strain sensors with tunable sensitivity by adjusting the orientations and duty ratios of the micro-nano hierarchical Ag-coated microgrooves. The heterogeneous micro-nano structures enable customized sensitivity, showing great potential in various health monitoring applications.

JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Design, fabrication and applications of soft network materials

Jianxing Liu et al.

Summary: Soft network materials, with well-organized microarchitectures inspired by biological tissues, offer a unique combination of properties and design flexibility for customized mechanical performance, leading to a range of promising applications in cutting-edge technologies like bio-integrated electronics and regenerative medicine. Perspectives on remaining challenges and open opportunities are also provided.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Scalable production of high-performing woven lithium-ion fibre batteries

Jiqing He et al.

Summary: Research has shown that there is a hyperbolic cotangent function relationship between the internal resistance of long fibre lithium-ion batteries and their length, with the resistance decreasing before leveling off as the length of the fibres increases. Through an optimized scalable industrial process, high-performing metre-long fibre lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and cycle stability can be mass-produced. These batteries are able to maintain over 80% capacity even after bending the fibre for 100,000 cycles, and can wirelessly charge devices or power fabric-based electronic components such as a health management jacket with fibre sensors and a textile display.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The rise of intelligent matter

C. Kaspar et al.

Summary: Artificial Intelligence is driving the development of unconventional computing paradigms inspired by the capabilities of the brain, aiming to create intelligent matter capable of non-localized information processing. This matter will interact with the environment, adapt its structure internally, and store information efficiently.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A natively flexible 32-bit Arm microprocessor

John Biggs et al.

Summary: This article introduces a 32-bit Arm microprocessor PlasticARM developed with metal-oxide thin-film transistor technology, pioneering the embedding of low-cost, ultrathin microprocessors into everyday objects within the domain of flexible electronics.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Three-dimensional electronic microfliers inspired by wind-dispersed seeds

Bong Hoon Kim et al.

Summary: This study presents a novel design inspired by wind-dispersed seeds, creating a series of three-dimensional passive fliers capable of carrying active electronic payloads. These fliers could be used for various applications such as environmental monitoring, population surveillance, and disease management. The mechanical guided assembly technique allows for the production of miniature 3D fliers optimized for controlled flight in natural environments or urban settings.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Fully implantable and bioresorbable cardiac pacemakers without leads or batteries

Yeon Sik Choi et al.

Summary: A biodegradable pacemaker without external leads has been developed to improve the safety of temporary cardiac pacing. This fully implantable pacemaker can control cardiac rate and rhythm postoperatively before dissolving completely. Tested in various animal and human models, this approach overcomes key disadvantages of traditional temporary pacing devices.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Photocurable bioresorbable adhesives as functional interfaces between flexible bioelectronic devices and soft biological tissues

Quansan Yang et al.

Summary: A functional interfacial material has been developed for soft integration of bioelectronic devices with biological tissues, offering revolutionary diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. This material provides soft mechanical coupling and efficient optical/electrical/chemical exchange, with potential applications in a wide range of medical devices and treatment of life-threatening diseases.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Supersonic impact resilience of nanoarchitected carbon

Carlos M. Portela et al.

Summary: By conducting supersonic microparticle impact experiments, extreme impact energy dissipation in three-dimensional nanoarchitected carbon materials was demonstrated. This study explores the performance of nanoarchitected materials under extreme dynamic conditions, showcasing the potential of these materials in designing lightweight and impact-resistant materials.

NATURE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Viscoelastic surface electrode arrays to interface with viscoelastic tissues

Christina M. Tringides et al.

Summary: This study introduces a fully viscoelastic microelectrode array for electrical stimulation and signal recording of heart and brain activities in vivo, utilizing an alginate matrix and carbon-based nanomaterials encapsulated in a viscoelastic hydrogel. The combination of viscoelastic materials enables the array to closely match the biomechanical properties of soft biological tissues, overcoming previous limitations. The use of hydrogels as outer layers and a hydrogel-based conductor enhanced with carbon nanomaterials allows for the fabrication of electrode arrays compatible with standard electrophysiology platforms.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultrasound-on-chip platform for medical imaging, analysis, and collective intelligence

Jonathan M. Rothberg et al.

Summary: Ultrasound imaging technology plays a crucial role in the medical field, but its adoption is limited by expensive systems and domain expertise. The development of a complete ultrasound-on-chip design offers the potential to improve global health and facilitate extensive clinical and academic research.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Robust, self-adhesive, reinforced polymeric nanofilms enabling gas-permeable dry electrodes for long-term application

Yan Wang et al.

Summary: The study introduces a robust, self-adhesive, gas-permeable nanofilm that can self-adhere to human skin for a week. This nanofilm is capable of supporting liquids 79,000 times heavier than its own weight, with a high tensile stress.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Monolithic optical microlithography of high-density elastic circuits

Yu-Qing Zheng et al.

Summary: This study presents a monolithic optical microlithographic process that directly micro-patterns a set of elastic electronic materials by sequential ultraviolet light-triggered solubility modulation. The experimental results show the ability to fabricate transistors with a channel length of 2 micrometers at high density, as well as the fabrication of multiple elastic circuits.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly conductive and elastic nanomembrane for skin electronics

Dongjun Jung et al.

Summary: The float assembly method allows for the fabrication of nanomembranes with high conductivity, stretchability, and ultrathin thickness, enabling skin electronics to achieve high elasticity and patterning for multifunctional epidermal sensor arrays.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultralow-switching current density multilevel phase-change memory on a flexible substrate

Asir Intisar Khan et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a reduced switching current density and multi-level operation in flexible superlattice PCM, with excellent performance even after repeated bending and cycling, paving the way for low-power memory in flexible electronics. It also provides key insights for PCM optimization on conventional silicon substrates.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

MXene-infused bioelectronic interfaces for multiscale electrophysiology and stimulation

Nicolette Driscoll et al.

Summary: MXtrodes are a class of soft, high-resolution, large-scale bioelectronic interfaces enabled by Ti3C2 MXene and scalable solution processing. They exhibit superior electro-chemical properties compared to conventional materials, do not require conductive gels, and have been validated in various applications.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Applied

Wearable and Implantable Soft Bioelectronics: Device Designs and Material Strategies

Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo et al.

Summary: Recent research focuses on overcoming the mechanical and biochemical mismatches between rigid, inorganic devices and soft, organic human tissues by using flexible and stretchable device designs and soft materials. These strategies are highlighted in their applications to emerging soft wearable and implantable devices, providing a summary and future outlook for this booming field.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING, VOL 12, 2021 (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultra-conformal skin electrodes with synergistically enhanced conductivity for long-time and low-motion artifact epidermal electrophysiology

Yan Zhao et al.

Summary: A study introduces an ultra-thin dry epidermal electrode that conforms to the skin, accurately measures electrophysiological signals, and exhibits low sheet resistance, high transparency, and mechano-electrical stability. The enhanced optoelectronic performance is attributed to the synergistic effect between graphene and PEDOT:PSS, allowing for the accurate monitoring of electrophysiological signals in humans with reduced motion artifact interference.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Achieving ultrahigh instantaneous power density of 10 MW/m2 by leveraging the opposite-charge-enhanced transistor-like triboelectric nanogenerator (OCT-TENG)

Hao Wu et al.

Summary: By leveraging the opposite-charge-enhancement effect and transistor-like device design, TENG can overcome the limitations of high output impedance and low charge transfer, achieving instantaneous power density over 10 MW/m(2) at a low frequency of approximately 1 Hz. This breakthrough not only sets a record of high-power output for TENG, but also opens up possibilities for powering commercial lamps and wirelessly supplying vehicle bulbs.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reversible polymer-gel transition for ultra-stretchable chip-integrated circuits through self-soldering and self-coating and self-healing

Pedro Alhais Lopes et al.

Summary: The Pol-Gel technology enables low-cost, scalable, and rapid fabrication of hybrid microchip-integrated ultra-stretchable circuits through self-soldering, self-encapsulation, and self-healing, achieving maximum strain tolerance 5 times higher than previous works. This approach opens up new possibilities for applications of printed stretchable devices and soft circuits.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Skin-like mechanoresponsive self-healing ionic elastomer from supramolecular zwitterionic network

Wei Zhang et al.

Summary: The stretchable ionic elastomer demonstrated in the study exhibits high stretchability, immense strain-stiffening, good self-healing ability, excellent elasticity, high transparency, anti-freezing properties, water reprocessibility, and easy-to-peel adhesion, making it very promising for use in wearable electronic sensors for human-machine interfacing.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Skin-electrode iontronic interface for mechanosensing

Pang Zhu et al.

Summary: The study introduces a simple skin-electrode mechanosensing structure (SEMS) utilizing ion transport in living systems for sensing touch, pulse, and pressure mapping. The mechanical analysis reveals the crucial role of instability in high-aspect-ratio microstructures for sensing. The SEMS shows promise for diverse healthcare applications and recovering sensory capabilities in patients with tactile dysfunction.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A multi-responsive healable supercapacitor

Haili Qin et al.

Summary: The study presents a multi-responsive healable supercapacitor with high mechanical strength and fast optical and magnetic healing properties. The assembled supercapacitor demonstrates triply-responsive healing performance under optical, electrical, and magnetic stimuli, delivering a highest areal capacitance and restoring about 90% of initial capacitances over ten healing cycles.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Adaptive and multifunctional hydrogel hybrid probes for long-term sensing and modulation of neural activity

Seongjun Park et al.

Summary: This study introduces a hybrid neural probe embedded with a hydrogel structure to achieve adaptive bending stiffness, enabling minimised tissue damage during insertion into the rodent brain.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Machine Learning-Reinforced Noninvasive Biosensors for Healthcare

Kaiyi Zhang et al.

Summary: The emergence and development of noninvasive biosensors have greatly facilitated the collection of physiological signals and health-related data. The utilization of machine learning algorithms enhances the accuracy and efficiency of biosensors, leading to significant advances in healthcare applications.

ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Recycling of Nanowire Percolation Network for Sustainable Soft Electronics

Yuxuan Liu et al.

Summary: This study presents a strategy for recycling silver nanowire percolation networks for sustainable soft electronics. It is found that under the conditions of selected working solvent with low surface tension and optimal ultrasonication time, the AgNW network film can be recycled multiple times without significant changes in morphology and performance.

ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Profiles of Volatile Biomarkers Detect Tuberculosis from Skin

Rotem Vishinkin et al.

Summary: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease affecting over 10 million people annually, with diagnosis still posing challenges. A rapid, sputum-free, and cost-effective triage test for real-time detection of TB is urgently needed according to the World Health Organization.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Diving beetle-like miniaturized plungers with reversible, rapid biofluid capturing for machine learning-based care of skin disease

Sangyul Baik et al.

Summary: Recent advances in bioinspired nano/microstructures have garnered attention as promising approaches for implementing smart skin-interfacial devices for personalized health care. A simple, all-in-one device with microplungers and hydrogels has been developed, allowing for rapid capture of biofluids and conformal attachment to skin for stable, real-time health monitoring. Inspired by the male diving beetle, the microplungers achieve repeatable, enhanced, and multidirectional adhesion to human skin in dry/wet environments, while the hydrogels within them absorb liquids from the epidermis for enhanced adhesiveness and reversible color change for visual indication of skin pH levels.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Standalone real-time health monitoring patch based on a stretchable organic optoelectronic system

Yeongjun Lee et al.

Summary: Skin-like health care patches (SHPs) are next-generation health care gadgets that provide real-time information while alleviating privacy concerns, but producing high-resolution stretchable displays remains challenging.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Stretchable anisotropic conductive film (S-ACF) for electrical interfacing in high-resolution stretchable circuits

Hyejin Hwang et al.

Summary: This study introduces a stretchable anisotropic conductive film (S-ACF) that allows high-resolution but low-contact resistance interfacing, and demonstrates stable light operation under large biaxial areal stretching.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Printable elastomeric electrodes with sweat-enhanced conductivity for wearables

Jian Lv et al.

Summary: The research team successfully synthesized a thermoplastic and hydrophilic HPUA binder to create printable and stretchable Ag-HPUA electrodes, enhancing their conductivity with human sweat and reducing resistance. This technology can be utilized in manufacturing batteries and wiring for wearable electronic devices.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Microscale Liquid Metal Conductors for Stretchable and Transparent Electronics

Laurent Dejace et al.

Summary: The development of integrated wearables for transducing and transmitting biophysical information has encountered significant challenges due to the complex physical and chemical properties of gallium-based liquid metals. A microtechnology approach has been introduced to fabricate deformable microscale LM conductors with high surface density and large surface areas, offering a range of designs and geometries for LM-based stretchable electronic conductors. The versatility of this new technology allows for circuit designs with unrivaled transparency or large metallization density.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Rapid single-molecule detection of COVID-19 and MERS antigens via nanobody-functionalized organic electrochemical transistors

Keying Guo et al.

Summary: This study introduces organic electrochemical transistors functionalized with antigen-specific nanobodies for rapid and sensitive protein detection in complex bodily fluids. The sensors demonstrate high specificity and sensitivity, and can be reprogrammed to detect any protein antigen if a specific nanobody is available.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Body-coupled power transmission and energy harvesting

Jiamin Li et al.

Summary: The research demonstrates the use of body-coupling characteristics of electromagnetic waves to achieve power transmission and energy harvesting all around the human body, effectively avoiding the body shadowing issue and improving the efficiency and stability of the system.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

An organic transistor with light intensity-dependent active photoadaptation

Zihan He et al.

Summary: An organic transistor that incorporates two bulk heterojunctions can exhibit active photoadaptation behavior for light intensities that range over six orders of magnitude, with changes in sensitivity comparable to that of the human visual system, including auto-background control.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

An artificial neural tactile sensing system

Sungwoo Chun et al.

Summary: This study presents an artificial neural tactile skin system that mimics the human tactile recognition process, utilizing particle-based polymer composite sensors and a signal-converting system. The sensors in the system respond selectively to pressure and vibration, similar to mechanoreceptors in human skin, and can generate sensory neuron-like output signal patterns. In experiments, the undistorted transmission of output signals, nerve stimulation, and muscle contraction were successfully achieved, demonstrating the potential of this system for developing robotics, prosthetics, and deep learning techniques for texture classification.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Curvy, shape-adaptive imagers based on printed optoelectronic pixels with a kirigami design

Zhoulyu Rao et al.

Summary: The study focuses on creating shape-adaptive imagers using kirigami design in ultrathin silicon pixels, with high pixel fill factors. These imagers can adjust shape for imaging applications requiring low optical aberration and tunable focusing power. Additionally, combining a concave-shaped imager with a tunable lens allows for adaptive optical focus to capture distant and near objects with low aberration.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Direct ink writing of three-dimensional thermoelectric microarchitectures

Fredrick Kim et al.

Summary: Microscale three-dimensional thermoelectric architectures can be fabricated through direct writing of particle-based thermoelectric inks, producing microthermoelectric generators with high power density.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

A passive perspiration biofuel cell: High energy return on investment

Lu Yin et al.

Summary: This study introduces a touch-based lactate biofuel cell harvester, which leverages the high passive perspiration rate of fingertips for bioenergy harvesting without the need for human movement. In addition, piezoelectric generators are integrated to further scavenge mechanical energy, thus showcasing a practical example of remarkably high energy return on investment for future self-sustainable electronic systems.

JOULE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Double-network thermocells with extraordinary toughness and boosted power density for continuous heat harvesting

Zhouyue Lei et al.

Summary: This study introduces double chemically crosslinked networks to address the mechanical challenges of thermocells while also improving power density. The newly designed thermocell shows large stretchability, impressive strength, extraordinary toughness, and a boosted output power density.

JOULE (2021)

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Proceedings Paper Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

High Stretchability Ultralow-Power All-Printed Thin Film Transistor Amplifier on Strip-Helix-Fiber

Chen Jiang et al.

Summary: A universal strip-helix architecture is proposed for integrating thin-film transistors and in situ amplification circuits to achieve high stretchability. The design allows active devices to be coiled around fibers in smart textiles, with optimized helical strain mitigation and excellent device-circuit output performance. This design out-performs current state-of-the-art intrinsically stretchable devices with good environmental stability and low power consumption.

2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRON DEVICES MEETING (IEDM) (2021)

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Proceedings Paper Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

RF Powered Flexible Printed Ion-sensitive Organic Field Effect Transistor Chip with Design-to-manufacturing Automation for Mobile Bio-sensing

B. Ouyang et al.

Summary: ISOFET is an ion-sensitive organic field effect transistor built using maskless printing processes, exhibiting low voltage operation behaviors and excellent stability. An automatic design-to-manufacturing tool was developed, and a battery-less hybrid integration system was successfully constructed.

2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRON DEVICES MEETING (IEDM) (2021)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Point-of-use sensors and machine learning enable low-cost determination of soil nitrogen

Max Grell et al.

Summary: Our study demonstrates that point-of-use measurements of NH4+ combined with soil conductivity, pH, weather, and timing data can predict levels of NO3- in soil. Additionally, a long short-term memory recurrent neural network model can forecast NH4+ and NO3- levels up to 12 days into the future. This approach eliminates the need for dedicated instruments to determine the levels of NO3- in soil, allowing for accurate forecasting of the impact of climate on fertilization planning and crop requirements.

NATURE FOOD (2021)

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Review Medical Informatics

Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review

Wei Yan Ng et al.

Summary: Blockchain technology has the potential for various applications in healthcare, both related to COVID-19 and unrelated. However, current research mostly focuses on technical aspects with few real-world clinical applications, underscoring the need to translate foundational blockchain technology into clinical use.

LANCET DIGITAL HEALTH (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Discovering giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter for electronic textiles

Guorui Chen et al.

Summary: The research discovered giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter and developed a textile magnetoelastic generator (MEG) for self-powered monitoring of respiratory activities, with high current density and waterproof characteristics. This innovation has great potential for developing electronic textiles for energy, sensing, and therapeutic applications.

MATTER (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Accelerating evaluation of the mobility of ionic liquid-modulated PEDOT flexible electronics using machine learning

Wei-Lu Ding et al.

Summary: Through the use of machine learning technology, it is possible to accurately predict the performance of PEDOT materials and reduce prediction time. Experimental validation confirms the predictive ability of the model.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Organic thin film transistors-based biosensors

Chenfang Sun et al.

Summary: Organic thin film transistors (OTFTs)-based biosensors are capable of transferring biological signals into electrical signals, but developing sensors with excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and stability remains a challenge. Recent research has focused on various types of OTFTs, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), electrolyte-gated OFETs (EGOFETs), and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), for high-performance bioelectronics applications.

ECOMAT (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical

Polymer-assisted fully recyclable flexible sensors

Xinglei Tao et al.

Summary: This article summarizes recent research progress on recyclable electronic sensors, including sensors with self-healing or recyclable properties and new types of recyclable sensors. The article specifically discusses the design principles, recycling procedures, and sensing performance of these sensors, aiming to inspire the development of more fully recyclable electronic sensors with versatile functions.

ECOMAT (2021)

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Proceedings Paper Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A 75.3 pJ/b Ultra-Low Power MEMS-based FSK Transmitter in ISM-915 MHz Band for Pico-IoT Applications

Kai Tang et al.

Summary: An ultra-lower power FSK transmitter based on MEMS technology has been implemented in 65nm CMOS, supporting a data rate of up to 10Mb/s and operating in the 915MHz band with high energy efficiency. Measurement of phase noise at different operation frequencies validates its performance in practical applications.

2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (ISCAS) (2021)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Wearable chem-biosensing devices: from basic research to commercial market

Bin Yang et al.

Summary: Wearable chem-biosensors have the potential to revolutionize personalized healthcare diagnostics and therapeutics. By allowing individuals to perform on-demand detection and obtain in-depth information, these devices are rapidly emerging as a significant technology. Current research is focused on non-invasive or minimally invasive monitoring of biomarkers, with strategies discussed for promoting further development in this field, from home use to clinical diagnosis.

LAB ON A CHIP (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bioinspired Quasi-Solid Ionic Conductors: Materials, Processing, and Applications

Zhouyue Lei et al.

Summary: Inspired by biological tissues, quasi-solid ionic conductors with bionic features have attracted interest in facilitating human-machine interactions. The focus lies on material optimization, processing methods, applications in human-machine interactions, and future opportunities.

ACCOUNTS OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2021)

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Proceedings Paper Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Enhanced Ion Sensing Stability with Nanotextured Biosensors

Yanfang Wang et al.

Summary: The rapidly growing market for healthcare wearable electronics has led to significant research interest in biosensors for noninvasive health monitoring. Nanotextured biosensors were designed to achieve reliable detection of sodium concentrations in body fluids, using an ion selective membrane on a nanotextured layer. These sensors allow for highly selective and sensitive electrochemical monitoring, providing long-term stability with reduced signal drift.

2021 IEEE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANO/MICRO ENGINEERED AND MOLECULAR SYSTEMS (NEMS) (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Long-term In Vivo Monitoring of Chemicals with Fiber Sensors

Jiajia Wang et al.

Summary: Long-term in vivo monitoring of chemicals with implanted sensors faces challenges related to immune response and sensing performance. Recent research focuses on developing biocompatible, flexible and thin sensors to enhance their performance in complex physiological environments, while also improving implanting methods to reduce injury.

ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Automation & Control Systems

Memory Devices for Flexible and Neuromorphic Device Applications

Dongshin Kim et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the recent progress in emerging materials-based memory devices for flexible and neuromorphic device applications, including the functions, mechanisms, applications, as well as the challenges and prospects faced by these emerging material-based memory devices.

ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

A Stretchable Gold Nanowire Sensor and Its Characterization Using Machine Learning for Motion Tracking

Xuan Anh Nguyen et al.

Summary: Motion analysis technique relies on a novel soft and stretchable strain sensor, made of ultrathin gold nanowires, to accurately monitor human body movements and evaluate skill levels in sports and medical training. By using a machine learning algorithm to characterize the sensor, the predictability of the sensing response is enhanced, enabling automated measurement of bending angles in joints.

IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Real-time monitoring of plant stresses via chemiresistive profiling of leaf volatiles by a wearable sensor

Zheng Li et al.

Summary: An innovative leaf-attachable sensor array has been developed for real-time diagnosis of plant diseases, achieving 97% classification accuracy of 13 individual plant volatiles. The sensor patch allows for rapid profiling of plant volatiles and early diagnosis of diseases like late blight within less than a week post inoculation.

MATTER (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ohmic Contact Engineering for Two-Dimensional Materials

Yue Zheng et al.

Summary: This article summarizes recent progress and developments in contact engineering of 2D materials for the realization of ohmic contacts in 2D electronic devices. The basic physics of contacts for both Si and 2D materials is briefly introduced, followed by various engineering strategies including band matching, doping, phase engineering, insertion of buffer layers, 2D/metal van der Waals contacts, and edge contacts. Opportunities and challenges for optimizing contacts for future 2D electronics are discussed.

CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Skin temperature-triggered, debonding-on-demand sticker for a self-powered mechanosensitive communication system

Meng Gao et al.

Summary: A new method for skin-attachable electronics has been introduced, allowing for the fabrication of biocompatible bonding/debonding bistable adhesive polymers with skin temperature-triggered adhesion and room temperature-triggered easy detachment. This new material is designed for the fabrication of a debonding-on-demand triboelectric nanogenerator, which can be used in a self-powered drone navigation system.

MATTER (2021)

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Review Physics, Applied

Physics-informed machine learning

George Em Karniadakis et al.

Summary: Physics-informed learning seamlessly integrates data and mathematical models through neural networks or kernel-based regression networks for accurate inference of realistic and high-dimensional multiphysics problems. Challenges remain in incorporating noisy data seamlessly, complex mesh generation, and addressing high-dimensional problems.

NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Intrinsic toughening and stable crack propagation in hexagonal boron nitride

Yingchao Yang et al.

Summary: This study discovered the high fracture toughness of single-crystal monolayer h-BN, contrary to expectations, enabling stable crack propagation through crack deflection and branching to enhance material toughness. This provides new technological opportunities and applications for monolayer h-BN.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Implantable Fiber Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes

Jianyou Feng et al.

Summary: Implantable biosensors are rapidly developing in biotechnology and life science, with applications such as detecting neurotransmitters in the brain. Challenges include forming stable interfaces between biosensors and tissues, as well as electrode deterioration making chemical recognition difficult. Efforts are being made to develop flexible and miniaturized biosensors for long-term monitoring of chemicals in vivo.

ACCOUNTS OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Powered Wearable Biosensors

Yu Song et al.

Summary: Wearable biosensors have the potential to revolutionize personalized healthcare by detecting key physiological indicators. However, these complex devices require suitable power sources. Emerging wearable energy harvesters convert various ambient energy sources into electricity to address the challenges of wearable power supply. When integrated with power management circuits and energy storage devices, these harvesters can power additional biosensors and signal processing electronics.

ACCOUNTS OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Tactile Sensing Using Machine Learning-Driven Electrical Impedance Tomography

Zainab Husain et al.

Summary: This study proposes a modular framework to address the limitations of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) tactile sensors in equipping robots with tactile sensing capabilities. Through machine learning, it successfully tackles problems such as EIT image reconstruction, segmentation, and object recognition.

IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Intrinsically stretchable polymer semiconductors: molecular design, processing and device applications

Hsin-Chiao Tien et al.

Summary: Stretchable electronics have been widely studied due to their capability to withstand large mechanical deformations without compromising electronic properties. To develop intrinsically stretchable polymer semiconductors, two main approaches have been explored: the engineering of the chemical structures of conjugated polymers and physically blending them in an elastomeric matrix.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Recent advances in stretchable field-effect transistors

Xiumei Wang et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the recent progress in the fabrication of high-performance s-FETs achieved by developing advanced stretchable channel materials, structural designs, and processing techniques. It also discusses the applications of s-FETs in stretchable electronics, such as stretchable sensors, stretchable memory transistors, and stretchable artificial neurologically devices. Additionally, it addresses the current challenges and prospective directions of s-FETs in stretchable electronics.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Power generation for wearable systems†

Mingyuan Gao et al.

Summary: Wearable devices are gaining increasing attention for their potential to transform the digital world. This paper reviews cutting-edge power generation methodologies for wearables, discusses key factors such as sensor types and materials, and outlines future directions in wearable technology development.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrochemical energy storage devices working in extreme conditions

Mingzhe Chen et al.

Summary: The energy storage system (ESS) revolution has expanded the uses of ESSs, but working under extreme conditions poses challenges that require exploring new approaches.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Microalloyed medium-entropy alloy (MEA) composite nanolattices with ultrahigh toughness and cyclability

Xiaobin Feng et al.

Summary: The ultratough MEA-coated nanolattices, fabricated with microalloyed medium-entropy alloy, exhibit unprecedented surface wrinkling under compression with negligible strut fracture, offering high energy absorption and specific strength for robust micro/nano-mechanical and functional applications.

MATERIALS TODAY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Material innovation and mechanics design for substrates and encapsulation of flexible electronics: a review

Haibo Li et al.

Summary: Advancements in materials and mechanics have paved the way for the development of flexible electronics with applications in healthcare. Material innovation and mechanics design are crucial for improving the reliability and protection of flexible electronics, while enhancing their overall performance.

MATERIALS HORIZONS (2021)

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Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Hydrogel facilitated bioelectronic integration

Richard Vo et al.

Summary: Recent advances in bio-integratable electronics are opening up new opportunities for research and control of biologically significant processes, with a focus on engineering hydrogel interfaces for bioelectronics development. The potential lies in enhancing the compatibility between hydrogels and biological/non-biological interfaces, as well as controlling charge and mass transport within hydrogels to amplify biological signals and improve electrical/electrochemical coupling. These efforts have the potential to blur the boundary between living systems and artificial electronics for fundamental research and biomedical applications.

BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Hydrogel-Based Sensor Networks: Compositions, Properties, and Applications-A Review

Xiaohang Sun et al.

Summary: Hydrogels are three-dimensional porous polymeric networks prepared by cross-linking hydrophilic molecules, which can be modified to recognize external stimuli and have potential roles as sensors and diagnostic tools. They can be tailored in different structures and integrated into systems based on their sensitivity to external stimuli and biocompatibility.

ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fiber-based thermoelectrics for solid, portable, and wearable electronics

Xiao-Lei Shi et al.

Summary: This work provides a comprehensive review of fiber-based thermoelectrics, discussing significant advances in various types of fibers and devices for applications in electronics. The challenges and future directions towards the development of fiber-based thermoelectrics are also pointed out.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advanced Soft Materials, Sensor Integrations, and Applications of Wearable Flexible Hybrid Electronics in Healthcare, Energy, and Environment

Hyo-Ryoung Lim et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The Future of Neuroimplantable Devices: A Materials Science and Regulatory Perspective

Nikita Obidin et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Rubbery Electronics Fully Made of Stretchable Elastomeric Electronic Materials

Kyoseung Sim et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artificial Sensory Memory

Changjin Wan et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mechanically-Guided Structural Designs in Stretchable Inorganic Electronics

Zhaoguo Xue et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fiber/Fabric-Based Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible/Stretchable and Wearable Electronics and Artificial Intelligence

Kai Dong et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Smart Textile-Integrated Microelectronic Systems for Wearable Applications

Jidong Shi et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Hybrid Sensors for Health Monitoring: Materials and Mechanisms to Render Wearability

Yuji Gao et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Electrochemical Bioelectronics: The Rise of In Situ Bioanalysis

You Yu et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanomaterial-Enabled Flexible and Stretchable Sensing Systems: Processing, Integration, and Applications

Shanshan Yao et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

When Bio Meets Technology: Biohybrid Neural Interfaces

Amy E. Rochford et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Computing, Soft Robotics, and Neuroprosthetics

Hea-Lim Park et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible and Stretchable Antennas for Biointegrated Electronics

Zhaoqian Xie et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Material-Based Approaches for the Fabrication of Stretchable Electronics

Dong Chan Kim et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Materials Strategies and Device Architectures of Emerging Power Supply Devices for Implantable Bioelectronics

Xueying Huang et al.

SMALL (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible Thermoelectric Devices of Ultrahigh Power Factor by Scalable Printing and Interface Engineering

Tony Varghese et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The Era of Digital Health: A Review of Portable and Wearable Affinity Biosensors

Jiaobing Tu et al.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Conformable Hybrid Systems for Implantable Bioelectronic Interfaces

Florian Fallegger et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A New Frontier of Printed Electronics: Flexible Hybrid Electronics

Yasser Khan et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Disruptive, Soft, Wearable Sensors

Yunzhi Ling et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

A laser-engraved wearable sensor for sensitive detection of uric acid and tyrosine in sweat

Yiran Yang et al.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Battery-free short-range self-powered wireless sensor network (SS-WSN) using TENG based direct sensory transmission (TDST) mechanism

Feng Wen et al.

NANO ENERGY (2020)

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Mechano-acoustic sensing of physiological processes and body motions via a soft wireless device placed at the suprasternal notch

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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2006)

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