☆ 4.3 Review

Advanced Vaccine Design Strategies against SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Variants

BIOENGINEERING-BASEL (2023)

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron

Alison Tarke et al.

Summary: T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants, while memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies show significant decreases. The majority of memory T cell responses are preserved against variants, with lower recognition of Omicron by memory B cells.

CELL (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cryo-ET of Env on intact HIV virions reveals structural variation and positioning on the Gag lattice

Vidya Mangala Prasad et al.

Summary: This study used cryo-electron tomography to analyze Env in HIV-1 particles and revealed distinct positioning of Env in immature particles relative to the underlying Gag lattice. Additionally, unexpected structural features of virion-bound Env, such as a variable central core and heterogeneous glycosylation, were discovered. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of HIV assembly and structural variation in Env antigen presentation.

CELL (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Respiratory mucosal delivery of next-generation COVID-19 vaccine provides robust protection against both ancestral and variant strains of SARS-CoV-2

Sam Afkhami et al.

Summary: The study found that using adenoviral vectors with a multivalent vaccine through intranasal immunization can generate better mucosal immune responses, including local and systemic antibody responses, mucosal tissue-resident memory T cells, and mucosal trained innate immunity, and provide protection against multiple viral variants.

CELL (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Infectious Diseases

Real-world data on immune responses following heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination schedule with Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines in England

Samantha J. Westrop et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that heterologous vaccination schedules with adenoviral-vector and mRNA vaccines are highly immunogenic and may be recommended in cases of serious adverse reactions to a specific vaccine product.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

Omicron: Call for updated vaccines

Xingguang Li

Summary: The Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant may have originated from a chronically infected patient vaccinated with mRNA or non-mRNA vaccines, highlighting the need for more effective one-dose vaccines to protect against new variants in the global fight against the pandemic.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

Omicron and Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2: A comparative computational study of spike protein

Suresh Kumar et al.

Summary: The emergence of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant, Omicron, has raised concerns due to its potential high affinity for human ACE2, indicating a higher transmission potential. Compared to the Delta variant, Omicron has a significantly different amino acid composition and protein structure, which may affect its stability and ACE2 binding.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Review Virology

The emergence and epidemic characteristics of the highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Dandan Tian et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in Botswana in November 2021 and has since become the dominant strain in many countries. With a high number of mutations, it presents new challenges for preventing and controlling COVID-19. This review aims to provide a scientific reference by analyzing and summarizing the biological characteristics, epidemic features, immune escape, and vaccine reactivity of the Omicron variant.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Efficacy of the adjuvanted subunit protein COVID-19 vaccine, SCB-2019: a phase 2 and 3 multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Lulu Bravo et al.

Summary: The SCB-2019 vaccine, supplemented with CpG and alum, provides significant protection against COVID-19 caused by different SAR-CoV-2 viruses, including the dominant Delta variant.

LANCET (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Omicron escapes the majority of existing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies

Yunlong Cao et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 contains 15 mutations in the receptor-binding domain, leading to evasion of over 85% of tested neutralizing antibodies. Different epitope groups of neutralizing antibodies are affected to varying degrees by single mutations of Omicron. Antibodies targeting the conserved region of sarbecovirus remain most effective against Omicron.

NATURE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A COVID-19 peptide vaccine for the induction of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity

Jonas S. Heitmann et al.

Summary: The study showed that CoVac-1 vaccine has a favorable safety profile, inducing broad, potent T cell responses that are independent of SARS-CoV-2 variants, supporting its ongoing evaluation in a phase II trial for patients with B cell or antibody deficiency.

NATURE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structural assessment of HLA-A2-restricted SARS-CoV-2 spike epitopes recognized by public and private T-cell receptors

Daichao Wu et al.

Summary: This study reveals the structural information of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell receptors (TCRs) bound to their peptide-MHC targets and explains the mechanisms behind their selection of specific germline genes and recognition of different variants. This has important implications for designing vaccines to elicit pan-coronavirus immunity.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

SARS-COV-2 Variants: Differences and Potential of Immune Evasion

Sandro M. Hirabara et al.

Summary: This review addresses key issues regarding SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the characteristics of variants with mutations in the S gene, evasion of neutralizing antibodies, potential risks of new pandemic waves, and prospects for further research and actions to prevent or reduce the impact of new variants during the current COVID-19 pandemic.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Review Medicine, General & Internal

Intranasal COVID-19 vaccines: From bench to bed

Aqu Alu et al.

Summary: Currently licensed COVID-19 vaccines are administered intramuscularly and fail to activate mucosal immunity, which contributes to the inability to prevent upper respiratory tract infection. The demand for the next generation of COVID-19 vaccines that can induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses has led to the investigation of intranasal vaccination. Several intranasal vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are currently under intensive investigation, with 12 candidates in clinical trials at different phases.

EBIOMEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Divergent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-reactive T and B cell responses in COVID-19 vaccine recipients

Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that vaccinated individuals retain T cell immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, despite low levels of neutralizing antibodies. Booster vaccinations can partially restore cross-neutralization of the Omicron variant.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Circular RNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants

Liang Qu et al.

Summary: This study reports a circular RNA vaccine that provides potent protection against SARS-CoV-2 by eliciting neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses. The circRNA vaccine exhibits higher and more durable antigen production compared to mRNA vaccines and shows efficacy against the current variants of concern.

CELL (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protective prototype-Beta and Delta-Omicron chimeric RBD-dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2

Kun Xu et al.

Summary: A chimeric RBD-dimer vaccine approach was developed to adapt to SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing broader neutralization and better protection against different strains in animal models. This approach is applicable for rapid immunogen updating and could be used to combat circulating and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

CELL (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike epitopes with mutations after the third booster dose of an inactivated vaccine

Yongzheng Li et al.

Summary: The study indicates that T-cell responses from individuals who received CoronaVac vaccination provided significant protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, especially with booster doses. Some Omicron mutations may slightly weaken T-cell responses.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Efficacy and Safety of the RBD-Dimer-Based Covid-19 Vaccine ZF2001 in Adults

Lianpan Dai et al.

Summary: The ZF2001 vaccine has been shown to be safe and effective against symptomatic and severe-to-critical Covid-19 in a large cohort of adults for at least 6 months after full vaccination.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Cell Biology

Adenovirus type 5 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines delivered orally or intranasally reduced disease severity and transmission in a hamster model

Stephanie N. Langel et al.

Summary: Vaccination through oral or intranasal routes can generate strong antibody responses, reduce viral load in the nose and lungs, and mitigate lung pathology caused by SARS-CoV-2. Mucosally vaccinated hamsters transmitted fewer viruses with less severity to naive hamsters, suggesting that mucosal immunization can reduce viral transmission. In a clinical trial, the same platform also induced mucosal cross-reactive antibody responses.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Quadrivalent mosaic HexaPro-bearing nanoparticle vaccine protects against infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants

Yin-Feng Kang et al.

Summary: Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants with multiple mutations raise concerns on vaccine effectiveness. Here, Kang et al. report that a quadrivalent mosaic nanoparticle vaccine displaying spike proteins from the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and three different VOCs confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Critical Care Medicine

Safety and immunogenicity of a live-attenuated influenza virus vector-based intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 and 2 trials

Fengcai Zhu et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a live-attenuated influenza virus vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administered through intranasal spray in healthy adults. The vaccine was well tolerated and elicited a certain level of immune response in adults. Further research is needed to validate intranasal vaccines as a potential supplement to current intramuscular vaccine options.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Critical Care Medicine

Vaccine efficacy against severe COVID-19 in relation to delta variant (B.1.617.2) and time since second dose in patients in Scotland (REACT-SCOT): a case-control study

Paul M. McKeigue et al.

Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against severe disease after the delta variant became predominant and whether the efficacy of two doses of the vaccine decreased over time. The results showed that the efficacy of vaccination against severe COVID-19 declined in May 2021 but was reversed in the following month. The most recent data showed that the efficacy of two doses of the ChAdOx1 vaccine was 91% and for mRNA vaccines (Pfizer or Moderna) was 92%. However, the efficacy of the ChAdOx1 vaccine decreased significantly after 20 weeks from the second dose, while the efficacy of mRNA vaccines decreased in the first ten weeks and remained stable thereafter. These findings support the implementation of additional protective measures, such as booster doses, during periods of high transmission rates.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A live attenuated virus-based intranasal COVID-19 vaccine provides rapid, prolonged, and broad protection against SARS-CoV-2

Junyu Chen et al.

Summary: Significant progress has been made in the development of intramuscular vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, but they have limitations in eliciting local immunity in the respiratory tract. To overcome this, researchers have constructed a nasal vaccine candidate using an influenza vector that contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Preclinical studies have shown that this vaccine candidate provides protection against lung pathology and demonstrates cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other influenza viruses.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mosaic RBD nanoparticles protect against challenge by diverse sarbecoviruses in animal models

Alexander A. Cohen et al.

SCIENCE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Skin-patch delivered subunit vaccine induces broadly neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

Christopher L. D. McMillan et al.

Summary: The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed a significant global health challenge, with emerging variants causing reduced vaccine efficacy and the need for booster immunizations. Delivery of a subunit vaccine through a high-density microarray patch (HD-MAP) has been shown to induce potent immunity and maintain neutralization against various variants.

VACCINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Critical Care Medicine

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boost immunisation with an orally administered aerosolised Ad5-nCoV after two-dose priming with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Chinese adults: a randomised, open-label, single-centre trial

Jing-Xin Li et al.

Summary: In a randomized controlled trial, researchers found that heterologous boost immunization with an orally administered aerosolized adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccine is safe and highly immunogenic in adults previously primed with two doses of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Intranasal immunization with avian paramyxovirus type 3 expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein protects hamsters against SARS-CoV-2

Hong-Su Park et al.

Summary: This study used avian paramyxovirus type 3 (APMV3) as an intranasal vaccine vector to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. It was found that a single intranasal dose of APMV3/S-6P induced strong antibody responses and provided protection against SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating high immunogenicity and safety.

NPJ VACCINES (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Risk of Myocarditis After Sequential Doses of COVID-19 Vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Age and Sex

Martina Patone et al.

Summary: Myocarditis is more common after SARS-CoV-2 infection than after COVID-19 vaccination. The risk of myocarditis is higher in younger men, especially after the second dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine.

CIRCULATION (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 prefusion spike protein stabilized by six rather than two prolines is more potent for inducing antibodies that neutralize viral variants of concern

Mijia Lu et al.

Summary: This study compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of different forms of SARS-CoV-2 S protein in mice and hamsters. The results showed that the preS-HexaPro form, with six proline substitutions, exhibited higher immunogenicity and protective efficacy, with better neutralization against multiple variants and a stronger cellular immune response.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike: Interim results of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial

Punnee Pitisuttithum et al.

Summary: This study presents the phase 1 clinical trial results of the NDV-HXP-S vaccine, which demonstrated good safety profile and immunogenicity.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Safety and immunogenicity of Nanocovax, a SARS- CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccine: Interim results of a double-blind, randomised controlled phase 1 and 2 trial

Thuy P. Nguyen et al.

Summary: The Nanocovax vaccine is safe, well tolerated, and capable of inducing robust immune responses, as demonstrated in dose-escalation phase 1 trial and phase 2 trial up to 90 days.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Intranasal administration of a single dose of a candidate live attenuated vaccine derived from an NSP16-deficient SARS-CoV-2 strain confers sterilizing immunity in animals

Zi-Wei Ye et al.

Summary: The study describes a potential live attenuated vaccine strain of SARS-CoV-2 that is severely weakened and induces a strong immune response. The vaccine strain shows strong protective efficacy against lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection and cross-reacts with multiple variants. This study provides proof-of-principle evidence for developing live attenuated vaccines using NSP16-deficient SARS-CoV-2 and lays the foundation for further preclinical research.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Mucosal vaccines - fortifying the frontiers

Ed C. Lavelle et al.

Summary: Mucosal vaccines have the potential to prevent infections and protect against disease development by inducing adaptive immunity at mucosal sites. However, most current mucosal vaccines consist of live attenuated and inactivated whole-cell preparations, and there is a need for safe and effective mucosal adjuvants and innovative antigen discovery and delivery strategies to advance these vaccines. Advancements in understanding innate and adaptive mucosal immunity, including mucosal antigen-presenting cells and resident memory cells, provide valuable insights to inform mucosal adjuvant design for pathogens like SARS-CoV-2 and cancer.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

Add to Collection
Article Infectious Diseases

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody responses and duration of immunity: a longitudinal study

Wan Ni Chia et al.

Summary: The study investigated the dynamics of neutralising antibody response in patients who have recovered from COVID-19, finding great variations and suggesting that predicting immune longevity can only be accurately determined at the individual level. The findings emphasize the importance of public health and social measures in the ongoing pandemic outbreak response, and may have implications for the longevity of immunity after vaccination.

LANCET MICROBE (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Microbiology

Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Ben Hu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the research progress on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, including virology characteristics, pathogenesis, and recent advances in treatment methods. Furthermore, it discusses in detail the potential wildlife hosts and zoonotic origin of this emerging virus.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Editorial Material Immunology

T Cell Memory: Understanding COVID-19

Nicholas N. Jarjour et al.

Summary: This primer discusses the fundamental features of T cell memory and their potential relevance for effective immunity to SARS-CoV-2, as the focus shifts towards establishing natural and vaccine-induced immunity against COVID-19.

IMMUNITY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Evaluating the Neutralizing Ability of a CpG-Adjuvanted S-2P Subunit Vaccine Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants of Concern

Chia-En Lien et al.

Summary: The CpG 1018-adjuvanted S-2P subunit vaccine MVC-COV1901 induced neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in both rats and humans, with higher doses leading to stronger immune responses. Despite significant neutralization abilities against the D614G and Alpha variants, neutralizing titers against the Beta variant were notably reduced in vaccinated subjects. Additional doses, especially in rats, were able to partially compensate for this reduction in neutralization against the Beta variant.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

Distribution and evolution of H1N1 influenza A viruses with adamantanes-resistant mutations worldwide from 1918 to 2019

Weijun He et al.

Summary: H1N1 influenza viruses have exhibited high resistance to adamantanes, with mutant variants mainly appearing in North America and Europe, becoming circulating strains worldwide since 2009. The study found that 80.65% of human H1N1 influenza viruses and 74.61% of swine H1N1 influenza viruses exhibited adamantanes resistance, while the frequency was only 1.86% in avian H1N1 influenza viruses.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 proteins

Rimanshee Arya et al.

Summary: The unprecedented scale of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to an intensive global scientific effort to understand various aspects of the disease in a short period. More than three hundred experimental structures of SARS-CoV-2 proteins have been determined recently, revealing the intricate workings of the viral machinery and their potential as drug targets.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates Based on Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Expressing the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induce Robust T- and B-Cell Immune Responses and Full Efficacy in Mice

Juan Garcia-Arriaza et al.

Summary: Two COVID-19 vaccines based on MVA vectors induced robust and polyfunctional T-cell responses and neutralizing antibody titers in mice, providing protection against SARS-CoV-2. The results demonstrate the full efficacy of MVA-based COVID-19 vaccines in animal models and support their translation to clinical use.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A single-dose live-attenuated YF17D-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate

Lorena Sanchez-Felipe et al.

Summary: The candidate vaccine YF-S0, utilizing the YF17D vaccine as a vector to express noncleavable prefusion form of the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen, showed excellent safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy in animal models. It induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies, provided protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2, and prevented infection in hamsters and macaques. A single dose was able to confer protection from lung disease in most vaccinated hamsters within 10 days, highlighting the potential of YF-S0 as a potent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.

NATURE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Interim Results of a Phase 1-2a Trial of Ad26.COV2.S Covid-19 Vaccine

J. Sadoff et al.

Summary: The study conducted a multicenter, placebo-controlled, phase 1-2a trial, with participants randomly assigned to receive the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. The results showed that the safety and immunogenicity profiles of the vaccine support further development.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Tissue-resident CD4+ T helper cells assist the development of protective respiratory B and CD8+ T cell memory responses

Young Min Son et al.

Summary: The study reveals a population of tissue-resident helper T cells in the lung, termed as T-RH cells, which play a critical role in promoting the development of protective B cell and CD8(+) T cell responses. These T-RH cells are dependent on transcription factors BCL6 and Bhlhe40 and deliver local help to CD8(+) T cells through IL-21-dependent mechanisms.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants escape neutralization by vaccine-induced humoral immunity

Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.

Summary: New variants of SARS-CoV-2 show high resistance to vaccine neutralization, with some able to escape vaccine responses with just a few mutations, highlighting the importance of developing broadly protective measures against variants.

CELL (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

A modified vaccinia Ankara vector-based vaccine protects macaques from SARS-CoV-2 infection, immune pathology, and dysfunction in the lungs

Nanda Kishore Routhu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that MVA/S vaccination induces strong neutralizing antibody and T cell responses, providing protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and macaques. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of lung cells reveals that the vaccination also protects macaques from infection-induced inflammation and B cell abnormalities.

IMMUNITY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

Cryo-electron Microscopy Structure of S-Trimer, a Subunit Vaccine Candidate for COVID-19

Jiahao Ma et al.

Summary: Utilizing Trimer-Tag technology, scientists produced stable S-Trimer vaccine candidates for COVID-19, which showed tightly closed conformations and pH-dependent stability. This platform technology has the potential to contribute to the production of effective COVID-19 subunit vaccines.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Virology

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Envelope, Membrane, Nucleocapsid, and Spike Structural Proteins from the Beginning of the Pandemic to September 2020: A Global and Regional Approach by Epidemiological Week

Paloma Troyano-Hernaez et al.

Summary: Monitoring the genetic diversity and mutations of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for understanding its evolution and ensuring the effectiveness of diagnostic tests, vaccines, and therapies against COVID-19. This study analyzed over 100,000 worldwide SARS-CoV-2 sequences and found significant amino acid changes in the structural proteins, highlighting the importance of ongoing surveillance and research on emerging mutations.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Virology

T Cell Immunity against Influenza: The Long Way from Animal Models Towards a Real-Life Universal Flu Vaccine

Anna Schmidt et al.

Summary: Current flu vaccines mainly rely on strain-specific antibodies which may not protect against drifted or newly emerged strains. Therefore, research on universal flu vaccines that target conserved parts of the virus is a top priority. Tissue-resident memory T cells in the respiratory tract play a crucial role in providing efficient heterologous immunity, making them key components of universal flu vaccines. Recent studies on T cell-based flu immunity, along with preclinical and clinical trials of T cell-evoking vaccines, are crucial for the development of effective flu vaccine policies.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

S-Trimer, a COVID-19 subunit vaccine candidate, induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates

Joshua G. Liang et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a trimeric vaccine candidate S-Trimer for COVID-19 based on Trimer-Tag technology. Immunization studies in animal models showed high levels of neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses, and protection from SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. This technology may be crucial for scalable production of subunit vaccines against emerging RNA viruses.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Heterologous prime-boost: breaking the protective immune response bottleneck of COVID-19 vaccine candidates

Qian He et al.

Summary: Our study demonstrated that utilizing a heterologous prime-boost strategy with different combinations of COVID-19 vaccine candidates can enhance neutralizing antibody levels and T cell responses, providing new insights for vaccine development and application in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Protective mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after heterologous systemic prime-mucosal boost immunization

Dennis Lapuente et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that priming with systemic mRNA and boosting with intranasal adenoviral vector vaccine in mice induces comprehensive T cell and mucosal immunity. The strategy provides complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice after boosting.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Structure-guided envelope trimer design in HIV-1 vaccine development: a narrative review

Ronald Derking et al.

Summary: The development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine is a major challenge, requiring the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies through the use of native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers. Progress in understanding and improving Env trimers through structural biology has been crucial for vaccine design, accelerating the iterative process and enhancing on-target antibody responses.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Intranasal HD-Ad vaccine protects the upper and lower respiratory tracts of hACE2 mice against SARS-CoV-2

Huibi Cao et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel intranasal COVID-19 vaccine based on a helper-dependent adenoviral vector has been described. The vaccine induces robust mucosal and systemic immunity and provides complete protection of the upper respiratory tract against SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice. This approach shows promise in developing highly effective vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants.

CELL AND BIOSCIENCE (2021)

Add to Collection
Letter Cell Biology

The basis of a more contagious 501Y.V1 variant of SARS-CoV-2

Haolin Liu et al.

CELL RESEARCH (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Critical Care Medicine

Does infection with or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 lead to lasting immunity?

Gregory Milne et al.

Summary: Protective immune response lasts for approximately 5-12 months, making reinfection more likely. Markers of humoral and cell-mediated immune memory can persist over many months, helping to mitigate against severe disease.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Medicine, General & Internal

Current and future nanoparticle vaccines for COVID-19

Mai N. Vu et al.

Summary: COVID-19 has caused massive health and economic disruptions globally, and mass vaccination is the most efficient way to end the pandemic. Nanoparticle-based vaccines are becoming increasingly important in extending or improving vaccination outcomes against COVID-19, with over 26 candidates in clinical testing and around 60 more in pre-clinical development. The emerging promise of nanotechnology in vaccine design and manufacturing to combat SARS-CoV-2 presents both opportunities and challenges.

EBIOMEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

BNT162b2 vaccination induces durable SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells with a stem cell memory phenotype

Gisella Guerrera et al.

Summary: Vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine induces a sustained anti-viral T cell response for at least 6 months, demonstrating immunological competence and long-term memory against SARS-CoV-2.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Development of a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate Using Plant-Based Manufacturing and a Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Like Nano-Particle

Joshua M. Royal et al.

Summary: The stable vaccine candidate CoV-RBD121-NP, developed by fusing the SARS-CoV-2 RBD with a TMV-like nanoparticle, demonstrated consistent manufacturing properties and induced strong antibody responses in mice with or without adjuvants. Both adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted vaccines showed virus neutralizing titers, with the former inducing a Th1-biased response.

VACCINES (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Vaccine Breakthrough Infections with SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Ezgi Hacisuleyman et al.

Summary: Despite evidence of vaccine efficacy, two fully vaccinated individuals developed mild symptoms of Covid-19 and were infected with variants of SARS-CoV-2. Sequencing of the virus isolates revealed novel mutations, highlighting the potential risk of illness post-vaccination and subsequent infection with variant virus. Efforts to prevent, diagnose, and characterize variants in vaccinated individuals are crucial.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Protein-based antigen presentation platforms for nanoparticle vaccines

Brian Nguyen et al.

Summary: Modern vaccine design is moving towards minimalization, isolating antigens from pathogens to create safer vaccines. To combat global diseases, such as COVID-19, malaria, and AIDS, more effective next-generation vaccines are urgently needed. One approach to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines involves using nanoparticle platforms to present antigens repetitively on their surface, improving antigen presenting cell uptake and B-cell activation.

NPJ VACCINES (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Learning from HIV-1 to predict the immunogenicity of T cell epitopes in SARS-CoV-2

Ang Gao et al.

Summary: A physics-based learning model was used to predict the immunogenicity of CTL epitopes derived from SARS-CoV-2, showing that only some epitopes are immunogenic, with spike protein epitopes being less likely to provide broad immune coverage. Additionally, some immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 CTL epitopes were found to be identical to those of seasonal coronaviruses, suggesting existing CTL immunity against COVID-19 in some individuals prior to infection.

ISCIENCE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure-guided T cell vaccine design for SARS-CoV-2 variants and sarbecoviruses

Anusha Nathan et al.

Summary: Through structure-based network analysis and assessment of HLA class I peptide stability, mutationally constrained CD8(+) T cell epitopes across the SARS-CoV-2 proteome have been identified. These epitopes have limited mutational frequencies in circulating variants and elicit CD8(+) T cell reactivity in convalescent individuals, but reduced recognition in recipients of mRNA-based vaccines.

CELL (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Elicitation of broadly protective sarbecovirus immunity by receptor-binding domain nanoparticle vaccines

Alexandra C. Walls et al.

Summary: Understanding the protective effects of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other sarbecoviruses is crucial for guiding public health policies. This study demonstrates that a multivalent sarbecovirus RBD-NP vaccine can protect mice from SARS-CoV-2 challenge after a single immunization, suggesting a potential dose-sparing strategy. The research also shows that antibodies induced by the multivalent sarbecovirus RBD-NPs exhibit similar resilience to various RBD residue substitutions.

CELL (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 spike L452R variant evades cellular immunity and increases infectivity

Chihiro Motozono et al.

Summary: Research has shown that certain mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants can escape HLA-restricted cellular immunity, increase affinity for host cells, promote viral replication, and potentially affect the evolution of viral phenotypes.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Cell Biology

Humoral immune response to circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants elicited by inactivated and RBD-subunit vaccines

Yunlong Cao et al.

Summary: The study found that the diversity of anti-RBD NAbs plays a major role in neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially 501Y.V2, with E484K being the dominant cause of neutralization reduction. Specific antibodies respond differently to mutations in RBD variants, with lower diversity observed in NTD antibodies. RBD-subunit vaccinees exhibit higher tolerance to neutralization against variants, while extending the interval between doses of ZF2001 enhances neutralizing activity and tolerance to variants.

CELL RESEARCH (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Cell Biology

Interferon-armed RBD dimer enhances the immunogenicity of RBD for sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2

Shiyu Sun et al.

Summary: By utilizing interferon-armed RBD to enhance antigen processing and cross-presentation, researchers have developed the I-P-R-F vaccine, which provides comprehensive protection with a single dose and elicits stronger immune responses than traditional RBD vaccines.

CELL RESEARCH (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Neutralizing antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Lanying Du et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. The roles of binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 are discussed, as well as the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Intranasal vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: From challenges to potential in COVID-19 management

Vivek P. Chavda et al.

Summary: Intranasal vaccines have advantages in targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection, eliciting immune responses, and avoiding infections, while also convenient for self-administration and storage at ambient temperatures.

DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of 2 Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Adults A Randomized Clinical Trial

Nawal Al Kaabi et al.

Summary: This interim analysis of an ongoing randomized trial in the UAE and Bahrain evaluated the efficacy of two inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in preventing symptomatic cases and adverse events in healthy adults. The study found that both vaccines significantly reduced the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 compared to the control group, with efficacy rates of 72.8% and 78.1%. Serious adverse events were rare across all groups.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Infectious Diseases

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an aerosolised adenovirus type-5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) in adults: preliminary report of an open-label and randomised phase 1 clinical trial

Shipo Wu et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of an aerosolised adenovirus type-5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine in adults without COVID-19 from China. It found that the aerosol vaccine was well tolerated, and two doses elicited neutralising antibody responses similar to one dose of intramuscular injection. An aerosolised booster vaccination at 28 days after the first intramuscular injection induced strong IgG and neutralising antibody responses. The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of aerosol vaccination should be evaluated in future studies.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Age-related immune response heterogeneity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2

Dami A. Collier et al.

Summary: Elderly individuals, especially those above eighty, show lower immune responses and neutralization abilities against variants of concern after the first vaccine dose, but this improves after the second dose. They have higher frequencies of spike-specific memory B cells but reduced somatic hypermutation of class-switched cells. Production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 by SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells is lower in older participants, predominantly by CD4 T cells.

NATURE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine

Paul T. Heath et al.

Summary: The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine demonstrated an efficacy of 89.7% in a phase 3 trial with over 15,000 participants, with mild and transient reactogenicity. It showed high efficacy against the B.1.1.7 variant and a low incidence of adverse events.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Covid-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Health Care Workers

Moriah Bergwerk et al.

Summary: Among fully vaccinated health care workers, breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2 were correlated with neutralizing antibody titers during the peri-infection period. Most breakthrough infections were mild or asymptomatic, although persistent symptoms did occur.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

VIEWPOINT: COVID-19 Scent of a vaccine

Frances E. Lund et al.

SCIENCE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Cell Biology

A recombinant spike protein subunit vaccine confers protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in hamsters

Yangtao Wu et al.

Summary: This study developed a protein subunit vaccine consisting of spike ectodomain protein and a nitrogen bisphosphonate-modified zinc-aluminum hybrid adjuvant, which showed higher neutralizing antibody titers in animal models and induced T cell responses. The vaccine provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge and reduced virus transmission among vaccinated and unvaccinated animals.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Cell Biology

Development of safe and highly protective live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates by genome recoding

Jakob Trimpert et al.

Summary: This study constructed a series of live attenuated vaccine candidates through large-scale recoding of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, evaluating their safety and efficacy in Syrian hamsters. Two tested viruses were found to be highly immunogenic and induced strong protective immunity without causing clinical symptoms in the animals, showing potential as vaccines to combat the ongoing pandemic.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Microbiology

Novel virus-like nanoparticle vaccine effectively protects animal model from SARS-CoV-2 infection

Qibin Geng et al.

Summary: The development of a novel VLP-RBD vaccine has shown promising results in protecting mice from SARS-CoV-2 challenge and inducing long-lasting neutralizing immune responses. This vaccine combines the effectiveness of virus-based vaccines and the safety of protein-based vaccines, providing a potential solution to controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Cell Biology

Yeast-produced RBD-based recombinant protein vaccines elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies and durable protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Jinkai Zang et al.

Summary: Yeast-produced RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have shown to efficiently induce protective neutralizing antibodies in mice, with dimeric RBD protein being more potent in eliciting long-lasting immunity. The vaccines were effective against live SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge even after 18 weeks, and the antisera raised against RBD were able to neutralize multiple circulating variants, indicating broad-spectrum protective potential.

CELL DISCOVERY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Single-dose intranasal vaccination elicits systemic and mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2

Xingyue An et al.

Summary: The development of an intranasal subunit vaccine that induces mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract has been reported, demonstrating the potential to prevent infection establishment in individuals and disease transmission.

ISCIENCE (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2

Julia Niessl et al.

Summary: Exceptional efforts have been made to understand the biology of adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, with a focus on the central role of T cells in mediating helper functions to different arms of the immune system. Specific T cell characteristics have been linked to differential COVID-19 severity and vaccine outcomes. Current research summarizes CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses in acute and convalescent COVID-19, highlighting the importance of looking beyond blood to fully understand T cell function in tissue spaces.

SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and immunogenicity of a Recombinant Stabilized Prefusion SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Vaccine (MVC-COV1901) Adjuvanted with CpG 1018 and Aluminum Hydroxide in healthy adults: A Phase 1, dose-escalation study

Szu-Min Hsieh et al.

Summary: The MVC-COV1901 vaccine was well tolerated and elicited robust immune responses, making it suitable for further development.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant interferon-armed RBD dimer vaccine (V-01) for COVID-19 in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase I trial

Yuyi Liao et al.

Summary: Safe and effective V-01 vaccine has been developed and progressed to Phase I clinical trials, showing promising safety profile and rapid, strong immune responses. The vaccine induced high-titre neutralizing antibodies and anti-RBD IgG, with encouraging immunogenicity in low dose subgroup and elderly participants, indicating great potential as a vaccine against COVID-19 for all-aged population.

EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mosaic nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive immune responses to zoonotic coronaviruses in mice

Alexander A. Cohen et al.

Summary: The study developed nanoparticles displaying the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 and other animal coronaviruses, which induced cross-reactive antibody responses in mice. Immunization with mosaic RBD nanoparticles resulted in superior neutralization of heterologous viruses, providing a potential strategy for simultaneous protection against multiple coronaviruses.

SCIENCE (2021)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Viral targets for vaccines against COVID-19

Lianpan Dai et al.

Summary: The urgent need for vaccines to control the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the rapid development of multiple vaccine candidates, with some showing positive results in late-stage clinical trials. This article discusses the viral elements used in these candidates, the reasons why they are good targets for the immune system, and their implications for protective immunity. Dai and Gao highlight the importance of selecting the right viral targets in vaccine development to ensure an effective immune response and the overall safety and efficacy of the vaccine.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

Peng Zhou et al.

NATURE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation

Daniel Wrapp et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals

Alba Grifoni et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

Alexandra C. Walls et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Editorial Material Immunology

COVID-19: a new challenge for human beings

Penghui Yang et al.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Guide to COVID-19: a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

Cassandra L. Atzrodt et al.

FEBS JOURNAL (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2

Qiang Gao et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques

Jingyou Yu et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Add to Collection
Letter Immunology

Duration of serum neutralizing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2: Lessons from SARS-CoV infection

Qingqing Lin et al.

JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial

Feng-Cai Zhu et al.

LANCET (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor

Jun Lan et al.

NATURE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Conserved T-cell epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) delivered by recombinant live attenuated influenza vaccine viruses efficiently induce RSV-specific lung-localized memory T cells and augment influenza-specific resident memory T-cell responses

Victoria Matyushenko et al.

ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Development of an Inactivated Vaccine Candidate, BBIBP-CorV, with Potent Protection against SARS-CoV-2

Hui Wang et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Universal Design of Betacoronavirus Vaccines against COVID-19, MERS, and SARS

Lianpan Dai et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biology

Tailored design of protein nanoparticle scaffolds for multivalent presentation of viral glycoprotein antigens

George Ueda et al.

ELIFE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

The receptor-binding domain of the viral spike protein is an immunodominant and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients

Lakshmanane Premkumar et al.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Feng-Cai Zhu et al.

LANCET (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular Architecture of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus

Hangping Yao et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Single-Dose Intranasal ChAd Vaccine Protects Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts against SARS-CoV-2

Ahmed O. Hassan et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mapping Neutralizing and Immunodominant Sites on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain by Structure-Guided High-Resolution Serology

Luca Piccoli et al.

CELL (2020)

Add to Collection
Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

COVID-19 vaccine development and a potential nanomaterial path forward

Matthew D. Shin et al.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structure-based design of prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spikes

Ching-Lin Hsieh et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Rational design of a multi-valent human papillomavirus vaccine by capsomere-hybrid co-assembly of virus-like particles

Daning Wang et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Genetics & Heredity

Sequence-based prediction of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targets using a mass spectrometry-based bioinformatics predictor identifies immunogenic T cell epitopes

Asaf Poran et al.

GENOME MEDICINE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Multifaceted Effects of Antigen Valency on B Cell Response Composition and Differentiation In Vivo

Yu Kato et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b1 elicits human antibody and TH1 T cell responses

Ugur Sahin et al.

NATURE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structures and distributions of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on intact virions

Zunlong Ke et al.

NATURE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Older Adults

E. J. Anderson et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Medicine, General & Internal

Phase 1-2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine

Cheryl Keech et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structural analysis of full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from an advanced vaccine candidate

Sandhya Bangaru et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Nanoparticle Vaccines Based on the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) and Heptad Repeat (HR) of SARS-CoV-2 Elicit Robust Protective Immune Responses

Xiancai Ma et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant exhibits efficient replication ex vivo and transmission in vivo

Yixuan J. Hou et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

COVID-19 Vaccines Currently under Preclinical and Clinical Studies, and Associated Antiviral Immune Response

Swati Jain et al.

VACCINES (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

RBD-Fc-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate induces highly potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response

Zezhong Liu et al.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2020)

Add to Collection
Article Biology

Escape from neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants

Yiska Weisblum et al.

ELIFE (2020)

Add to Collection
Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Structure-Based Vaccine Antigen Design

Barney S. Graham et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE, VOL 70 (2019)

Add to Collection
Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Self-Assembling Nanoparticles Usher in a New Era of Vaccine Design

Rino Rappuoli et al.

CELL (2019)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A proof of concept for structure-based vaccine design targeting RSV in humans

Michelle C. Crank et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

Add to Collection
Review Microbiology

Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses

Jie Cui et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

Add to Collection
Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

A virus-like particle of the hepatitis B virus preS antigen elicits robust neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses in mice

Xiaodan Cai et al.

ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH (2018)

Add to Collection
Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Common Features of Enveloped Viruses and Implications for Immunogen Design for Next-Generation Vaccines

Felix A. Rey et al.

CELL (2018)

Add to Collection
Review Biochemical Research Methods

Bionanotechnology for vaccine design

Steven Frey et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (2018)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

Vaccine-preventable disease control in the People's Republic of China: 1949-2016

Wenzhou Yu et al.

VACCINE (2018)

Add to Collection
News Item Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Stalking new vaccines: Methods that target the stems of viral proteins could put universal vaccines within reach

Carrie Arnold

NATURE MEDICINE (2017)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen

Jesper Pallesen et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2017)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Major findings and recent advances in virus like particle (VLP)-based vaccines

Mona O. Mohsen et al.

SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2017)

Add to Collection
Article Immunology

From empiricism to rational design: a personal perspective of the evolution of vaccine development

Ennio De Gregorio et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2014)

Add to Collection
Review Immunology

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread

Lu Lu et al.

MICROBES AND INFECTION (2013)

Add to Collection
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structure of the uncleaved human H1 hemagglutinin from the extinct 1918 influenza virus

J Stevens et al.

SCIENCE (2004)

Add to Collection
Webinars Posters Questions Hubs Funding Journals Papers Connect Collections Reviewers About Us FAQs Mobile App Privacy Policy Terms of Use
© Peeref 2019-2024. All rights reserved.