One-Piece Zirconia Oral Implants for the Support of Three-Unit Fixed Dental Prostheses: Three-Year Results from a Prospective Case Series

The objective was to investigate the clinical and radiological outcome of one-piece zirconia oral implants to support three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDP) after three years in function. Twenty-seven patients were treated with a total of 54 implants in a one-stage surgery and immediate provisionalization. Standardized radiographs were taken at implant placement, after one year and after three years, to evaluate peri-implant bone loss. Soft-tissue parameters were also assessed. Linear mixed regression models as well as Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were used for analyzing differences between groups and time points (p < 0.05). At the three-year evaluation, one implant was lost, resulting in a cumulative survival rate of 98.1%. The mean marginal bone loss amounted to 2.16 mm. An implant success grade I of 52% (bone loss of <= 2 mm) and success grade II of 61% (bone loss of <= 3 mm) were achieved. None of the evaluated baseline parameters affected bone loss. The survival rate of the zirconia implants was comparable to market-available titanium implants. However, an increased marginal bone loss was observed with a high peri-implantitis incidence and a resulting low implant success rate.

Automated summary

The study investigated the clinical and radiological outcome of one-piece zirconia oral implants supporting three-unit fixed dental prostheses after three years. 54 implants were placed in 27 patients through a one-stage surgery and immediate provisionalization. Standardized radiographs were taken at different time points to evaluate bone loss and soft-tissue parameters. The zirconia implants exhibited a cumulative survival rate of 98.1% after three years, with a mean marginal bone loss of 2.16 mm. However, high peri-implantitis incidence and low implant success rate were observed, indicating a possible concern for long-term stability.