Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
Volume 139, Issue 5, Pages 2860-2869Publisher
ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1121/1.4949478
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Funding
- research project Associacao de cetaceos com o habitat em ecossistemas oceanicos: um estudo integrado (TRACE) [PTDC/MAR/74071/2006]
- Integrating cetaceans into marine spatial management in the Azores (MAPCET) [M2.1.2/F/012/2011]
- Danish Research Council
- Carlsberg Foundation
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT)
- Fundo Regional da Ciencia, Tecnologia (FRCT) [TRACE-PTDC/MAR/74071/2006, MAPCET-M2.1.2/F/012/2011]
- Aarhus University
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- University of Southern Denmark
- University of La Laguna
- FCT [UID/MAR/04292/2013, SFRH/BD/37668/2007, SFRH/BPD/29841/2006]
- Instituto do Mar at University of the Azores
- FRCT - Government of the Azores
- POPH
- QREN European Social Fund
- Portuguese Ministry for Science and Education, through an FCT Investigator grant
- Marine Alliance for Science and Technology Scotland (MASTS)
- Marie Curie Career Integration Grant
- Oticon Foundation, Denmark
- Natural Environment Research Council [smru10001] Funding Source: researchfish
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/37668/2007] Funding Source: FCT
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Sperm whales produce codas for communication that can be grouped into different types according to their temporal patterns. Codas have led researchers to propose that sperm whales belong to distinct cultural clans, but it is presently unclear if they also convey individual information. Coda clicks comprise a series of pulses and the delay between pulses is a function of organ size, and therefore body size, and so is one potential source of individual information. Another potential individual-specific parameter could be the inter-click intervals within codas. To test whether these parameters provide reliable individual cues, stereo-hydrophone acoustic tags (Dtags) were attached to five sperm whales of the Azores, recording a total of 802 codas. A discriminant function analysis was used to distinguish 288 5 Regular codas from four of the sperm whales and 183 3 Regular codas from two sperm whales. The results suggest that codas have consistent individual features in their inter-click intervals and inter-pulse intervals which may contribute to individual identification. Additionally, two whales produced different coda types in distinct foraging dive phases. Codas may therefore be used by sperm whales to convey information of identity as well as activity within a social group to a larger extent than previously assumed. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America.
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