Journal
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
Volume 110, Issue -, Pages 161-166Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.11.015
Keywords
Nanoparticle; Mixing; Kinetics; Flow-type reactor; Damkohler number
Categories
Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI [26420775, 25249108, 26630397]
- Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIC)
- Supercritical Nanomaterial Technological Development Consortium
- NEDO
- JSPS
- NSERC under the G8 Research Councils Initiative for Multilateral Research Funding
- ANR under the G8 Research Councils Initiative for Multilateral Research Funding
- DFG under the G8 Research Councils Initiative for Multilateral Research Funding
- RFBR under the G8 Research Councils Initiative for Multilateral Research Funding
- RCUK under the G8 Research Councils Initiative for Multilateral Research Funding
- NSF under the G8 Research Councils Initiative for Multilateral Research Funding
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26420775, 25249108, 26630397, 25286013] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Flow-type reactors are effective for the precise control of reaction conditions and high throughput production. To enhance the effectiveness of this process, the establishment of a design method is required. For this purpose, the effects of operating parameters on supercritical hydrothermal nanoparticle synthesis in a flow-type reactor were examined. Ceria nanoparticles were formed from 2.0 mM cerium nitrate at reaction temperatures ranging from 200 to 380 degrees C and with a flow rate of 11.6-37.5 mL/min. In addition, channel sizes of 0.3, 1.3, and 2.3 mm were used for the mixing point. Rapid mixing and higher temperatures were found to enable the formation of smaller nanoparticles. Furthermore, all experimental results were summarized using dimensionless numbers. Though the Reynolds number was related to the effect of mixing on particle formation, this number is independent of the reaction rate. Results were correlated using the Damkohler number, the ratio of reaction rate to mixing rate. From the threshold value of the Damkohler number, reaction-controlled conditions where the particle size was independent of the flow/mixing rate could be predicted. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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