Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 72, Issue 14, Pages 2677-2695Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1903-5
Keywords
Endoplasmic reticulum; Triacylglycerol; Sterol ester; Phospholipid; Membrane; Metabolism
Categories
Funding
- Academia Sinica
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [NSC 101-2311-B-001-028-MY3, 103-2633-B-001-003]
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Eukaryotic cells store excess fatty acids as neutral lipids, predominantly triacylglycerols and sterol esters, in organelles termed lipid droplets (LDs) that bulge out from the endoplasmic reticulum. LDs are highly dynamic and contribute to diverse cellular functions. The catabolism of the storage lipids within LDs is channeled to multiple metabolic pathways, providing molecules for energy production, membrane building blocks, and lipid signaling. LDs have been implicated in a number of protein degradation and pathogen infection processes. LDs may be linked to prevalent human metabolic diseases and have marked potential for biofuel production. The knowledge accumulated on LDs in recent years provides a foundation for diverse, and even unexpected, future research. This review focuses on recent advances in LD research, emphasizing the diverse physiological roles of LDs in the model system of budding yeast.
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