Impact of foaming conditions on quality for foam-mat drying of Butterfly pea flower by multiple regression analysis

In recent years, the Butterfly pea flower has been increasingly interested in its color and function. However, the preservation of the extract faced many difficulties; therefore, foam drying technology was applied to solve this problem. The study was conducted to determine the effect of foaming conditions, including albumin ratio, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio, and whipping time on foam characteristics. At the same time, the multidimensional regression method was also used to determine the most suitable foaming conditions for the following process. The research results showed that all 3 factors strongly influenced the foaming process of pea flower extract. It could be concluded that the most suitable condition for foaming is to use 9.3% albumin, 0.79% CMC and stir for 19 min. Under these conditions, the foam expansion and stability were 584.79% and 96.44% respectively. The powder obtained from the foam drying of Butterfly pea flower extract was also analyzed for quality. The temperature of 65 oC for 4 hrs gave relatively high-quality powder with protein content, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity of 9.89 g/100g, 1.15 mg/g and 87.34% respectively. In conclusion, the foam-mat dried powder from butterfly pea flower extract is suitable for other processing processes, especially in the processing of folk cakes, pasta and bread industry.

Automated summary

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the color and function of the Butterfly pea flower. However, preserving its extract has proven difficult, leading to the application of foam drying technology. This study investigated the effect of foaming conditions on the characteristics of the foam, and determined the most suitable conditions for the process. The research findings demonstrated that albumin ratio, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio, and whipping time strongly influenced the foaming process, with the optimal conditions being 9.3% albumin, 0.79% CMC, and a stirring time of 19 minutes. The resulting foam-mat dried powder showed high quality and is suitable for various processing processes.