Productivity of Aspergillus niger InaCC F57 Isolate as Cellulase Agent in OPEFB Hydrolysis for Glucose High Yield

This study aims to obtain the results of the optimization of biological hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using Aspergillus niger (A. niger) InaCC F57. The optimized hydrolysis parameters include incubation temperature, substrate pH, incubation time, and additional parameters in the form of substrate concentration and the addition of nutrient salt solution (NSS) in alkaline pretreatment and non-pretreatment OPEFB. Pretreatment of OPEFB is alkaline generated from the delignification process with 10% NaOH at a temperature of 150 degrees C and given a pressure of 5 kg/cm(2) for 30 min in a chemical explosive reactor (CHIMEX), and then the NREL method is carried out where the OPEFB is chemically hydrolyzed using H2SO4 72% then followed by HPLC analysis and UV spectrophotometric analysis to determine the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These results indicate that the performance of A. niger InaCC F57 in the hydrolysis process is influenced by the pretreatment stage. Optimization of hydrolysis was carried out by inoculation of OPEFB samples using 10% A. niger isolate under sterile conditions. A. niger InaCC F57 isolate was obtained by regenerating cultures grown on sterile agar media at 28 degrees C for 5 days and followed by inserting 10 mL of sterile distilled water into culture tubes and then scraping them off to separate them from the media. The optimum conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of OPEFB based on A. niger InaCC F5 were at a temperature of 40 degrees C, pH 5, incubation time of 48 h (2 days), 10% substrate concentration, and the addition of nutrient salt solution (NSS). The alkaline pretreatment OPEFB hydrolysis yielded 1.40 mg/mL reducing sugar, 14.20% hydrolysis percent, and 0.56 U/mL cellulase activity, while non-pretreated OPEFB produced 1.90 mg/mL reducing sugar, 17.10% hydrolysis percent, and 0.76 U/mL cellulase activity. Based on the results obtained indicate the potential for biological hydrolysis between OPEFB and A. niger InaCC F57 as an important part of the OPEFB pretreatment in the future.

Automated summary

This study aims to optimize the biological hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using Aspergillus niger InaCC F57. The results show that the performance of A. niger InaCC F57 in the hydrolysis process is influenced by the pretreatment stage. The optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of OPEFB were determined to be a temperature of 40°C, pH of 5, incubation time of 48 hours, 10% substrate concentration, and the addition of nutrient salt solution.