Journal
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Volume 21, Issue 5, Pages 1313-1322Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3487-x
Keywords
Supercapacitor; Hybrid material; Polyaniline; Sulfonated carbon spheres
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Funding
- CSIR, New Delhi under the TAPSUN program [NWP-0056]
- UGC
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The present trend to increase the energy density of electrochemical supercapacitor is to hybrid the electrochemical double layer capacitance electrode materials of carbon with loading or encapsulation of transition metal oxide or conductive polymeric pseudocapacitor materials as the binary or ternary hybrid electrochemical active materials. In this work, we selected polyaniline salt-sulfonated carbon hybrid (PANI-SAaEuro cent C (SA) ) as a cheaper electrode material for supercapacitor electrode. Sulfonated carbon (C (SA) ) was prepared from hydrothermal carbonization of furaldehyde and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Polyaniline-sulfate salt containing sulfonated carbon was prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate in presence of sulfuric acid and sulfonated carbon via aqueous, emulsion and interfacial polymerization pathways. Formation of hybrid material was confirmed from scanning electron microscopy. Among the hybrid prepared with three different polymerization pathways, hybrid prepared by aqueous polymerization pathway showed better electrochemical performance. The specific capacitance of the hybrid prepared via aqueous polymerization was 600 F g(-1), which is higher than that of the pristine PANI-SA (350 F g(-1)) and C (SA) (30 F g(-1)). Hybrid material was subjected for 8000 charge-discharge cycles and at 8000 cycles; it showed 88% retention of its original specific capacitance value of 485 F g(-1) with coulombic efficiency (97-100%). These results showed that C (SA) micro spheres prevent the degradation of PANI-SA chains during charge/discharge cycles. Specific capacitance, cycle life, low solution resistance, low charge transfer resistance and high phase angle value of PANI-SAaEuro cent C (SA) supercapacitor cell indicates a higher performance supercapacitor system.
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