Related references
Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cother Hajat et al.
Summary: The scoping review on health outcomes from electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) found that there is no causative evidence for harmful cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes with ENDS use, and it may be beneficial for hypertensive patients. Switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes can reduce exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without long-term respiratory harm. However, further research is needed on mental health, cancer, and mortality outcomes to draw definitive conclusions.
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Summary: This report describes a cancer survivor cohort from a community engagement program and compares characteristics and willingness to participate in health research between the cancer survivors and non-cancer community members. The study found that cancer survivors from this program are diverse in terms of geography, race, and social determinants of health, and have a higher interest in participating in research.
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Summary: This study aims to understand changes in combustible cigarette and E-cigarette use among U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that most cigarette smokers and E-cigarette users perceive an increased health risk related to COVID-19 and have attempted to quit. Some cigarette smokers increased their product use due to higher stress. The study recommends proactive provision of cessation support to mitigate the stress-related increases in product use during the pandemic.
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Summary: The usage of e-cigarettes, also known as vaping products, is being widely recognized as a global public health issue. One significant challenge is the marketing of these products to minors, leading to an increase in usage among teenagers and children. E-cigarettes expose minors to unnecessary health risks, including respiratory problems and cognitive impairment. They are also linked to the initiation of other substances, such as cigarettes and cannabis, which compounds the health risks for dual users. More interventions and stricter public health policies are needed to prevent and reduce e-cigarette usage among minors.
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Summary: This study examined recent patterns of e-cigarette use among adults in the US. The prevalence of current e-cigarette use slightly decreased from 2018 to 2020, especially among young adults aged 18 to 20 years. However, the prevalence of daily e-cigarette use consistently increased, particularly among young adults aged 21 to 24 years.
Review
Substance Abuse
Taghrid Asfar et al.
Summary: This umbrella review aims to summarize the evidence about the risk and safety health profile of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in order to inform ENDS health communication strategies. The review found high-level evidence that ENDS exposes users to toxic substances, increases the risk of respiratory disease, leads to nicotine dependence, causes serious injuries due to explosion or poisoning, increases smoking cessation in clinical trials but not in observational studies, increases combustible cigarette (CC) initiation, and exposure to ENDS marketing increases its use/intention to use. The evidence was moderate for ENDS association with mental health and substance use, limited-suggestive for cardiovascular effects, and limited-not-conclusive for cancer, ear, ocular, and oral diseases, as well as pregnancy outcomes. The communication about ENDS should focus on the high-level evidence regarding toxicity, nicotine addiction, respiratory disease, ENDS-specific harm (explosion, poisoning), and anti-ENDS industry sentiment.
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Summary: The World Health Organization estimates that there are 1.1 billion smokers worldwide and 7 million tobacco-related deaths annually. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, are increasingly being used as a smoking cessation option. However, there are known risks and harms associated with using e-cigarettes, such as varying levels of toxicants, nicotine, and carcinogens, which can put users at risk for lung diseases and COVID-19 similar to smokers.
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Summary: Studies have shown that using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can lead to clinical symptoms, including E-CIGS related lung injury-like symptoms. Research found that participants who used refillable devices, varied nicotine content, flavored products, or made their own e-liquids were more likely to experience clinical symptoms.
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Review
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Jamie Hartmann-Boyce et al.
Summary: Electronic cigarettes (ECs) show moderate effectiveness in helping smokers achieve long-term smoking abstinence, especially those containing nicotine compared to nicotine replacement therapy. However, more studies are needed to confirm the effect size and ensure safety.
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