Bioinoculant mediated regulation of signalling cascades in various stress responses in plants

Bio-inoculation involves the association of plant with some beneficial microorganisms, and among these microbiotas, those bacteria which can promote plant growth and development are known as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). It can help a plant directly or indirectly, which includes root development, biological nitrogen (N2) fixation, stress tolerance, cell division and elongation, solubilization of Zinc, Phosphate, Potassium, soil health improvement and many more. PGPR have gained attention as it can be used as biofertilizers and helpful in bioremediation techniques, which in turn can reduce the chemical dependency in agriculture. PGPR mediated plant growth and stress management is developed by the virtue of the interaction of plant and microbial signalling pathways. On the other hand, environmental stresses are something to which a plant is always exposed irrespective of other factors. The present review is all about the better understanding of the convergence strategies of these signalling molecules and the ambiguities of signalling activities occurring in the host due to the interaction with PGPR under environmental stressed conditions.

Automated summary

Bio-inoculation involves the association of plants with beneficial microorganisms, specifically Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), which can directly or indirectly help plants with root development, nitrogen fixation, stress tolerance, and overall soil health improvement. The use of PGPR as biofertilizers and for bioremediation techniques can reduce chemical dependency in agriculture. This review focuses on understanding the convergence strategies of signaling molecules and the ambiguities of signaling activities in plants due to their interaction with PGPR under environmental stressed conditions.