Nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for wound healing: a review of the state-of-the-art

Wound healing is a complex physiological procedure that includes diverse stages, comprising hemo-stasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling to reconstruct the skin and subcutaneous tissue's integrity. As reported, various coexisting diseases (diabetes, vascular diseases, etc.) substantially impact wound healing. Factors like recurring injury, age, or hypertrophic scarring also affect wound healing. The management of wound care depends primarily on the advancement of novel and efficient wound dressing substances, and it persists to be a vivid research area in chronic wound healing. Over the past years, the investigation and advancement of wound dressing biomaterials have registered a new stan-dard level, and superior knowledge based on chronic wound pathogenesis has been achieved. Recently, nanotechnology has presented an excellent method to accelerate acute and chronic wound healing via stimulating appropriate movement through the diverse healing stages. Among various nanomaterials, nanoparticles (NPs) have been spotlighted as an efficient treatment strategy for wound healing due to their ability to act as both a therapeutic and carrier system. Their small size and high surface area to volume ratio enhance the probability of bio-interaction and penetration at the wound area aiding cell-cell interactions, the proliferation of cells, cell signaling, and vascularization. This review endeavored to throw light on different aspects of wounds and the latest advances in nanoparticle-based biomaterials for effective wound healing. Further, challenges and future potentialities have been addressed. (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Wound healing is a complex process influenced by various coexisting diseases and factors. Effective wound care relies on the advancement of novel wound dressing substances, particularly in chronic wound healing research. Nanoparticles have emerged as an efficient treatment strategy for accelerating wound healing by promoting cell interactions, proliferation, signaling, and vascularization. This review highlights different aspects of wounds and recent advances in nanoparticle-based biomaterials for effective wound healing, while addressing challenges and future potentials.