Journal
BIOSENSORS-BASEL
Volume 12, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/bios12111019
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; diffuse optical spectroscopy; hemodynamic measurements; hypoxic respiratory challenge; machine learning
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [NRF-2022R1A2C3009749]
- GIST Research Institute (GRI) IIBR - GIST
- International cooperation program by NRF [2021K2A9A1A01102275]
- NRF - Korea government [MSIT] [2019R1A2C1004575]
- NRF [NRF-2015H1A2A1032268]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20220603]
- Nantong University Scientific Research Foundation for Introduced Talents [135421629029]
- GIST
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2019R1A2C1004575, 2015H1A2A1032268] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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This study used hemodynamic signals to differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and wild-type (WT) mice, identifying statistically significant differences in certain features and achieving an accuracy of 84.3% with machine learning techniques. The suggested approach has the potential to be an alternative method for the differentiation of AD and WT.
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most critical brain diseases. The prevalence of the disease keeps rising due to increasing life spans. This study aims to examine the use of hemodynamic signals during hypoxic respiratory challenge for the differentiation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and wild-type (WT) mice. Diffuse optical spectroscopy, an optical system that can non-invasively monitor transient changes in deoxygenated (ARHb) and oxygenated (AOHb) hemoglobin concentrations, was used to monitor hemodynamic reactivity during hypoxic respiratory challenges in an animal model. From the acquired signals, 13 hemodynamic features were extracted from each of ARHb and -delta OHb (26 features total) for more in-depth analyses of the differences between AD and WT. The hemodynamic features were statistically analyzed and tested to explore the possibility of using machine learning (ML) to differentiate AD and WT. Among the twenty-six features, two features of ARHb and one feature of -delta OHb showed statistically significant differences between AD and WT. Among ML techniques, a naive Bayes algorithm achieved the best accuracy of 84.3% when whole hemodynamic features were used for differentiation. While further works are required to improve the approach, the suggested approach has the potential to be an alternative method for the differentiation of AD and WT.
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