3D echocardiography in mitral valve prolapse

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the leading cause of mitral valve surgery. Echocardiography is the principal imaging modality used to diagnose MVP, assess the mitral valve morphology and mitral annulus dynamics, and quantify mitral regurgitation. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiographic (3DE) imaging represents a consistent innovation in cardiovascular ultrasound in the last decades, and it has been implemented in routine clinical practice for the evaluation of mitral valve diseases. The focus of this review is the role and the advantages of 3DE in the comprehensive evaluation of MVP, intraoperative and intraprocedural monitoring.

Automated summary

Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) has become a routine clinical tool for evaluating mitral valve prolapse (MVP), allowing for the diagnosis of MVP, assessment of mitral valve morphology and dynamics, and quantification of mitral regurgitation. This review focuses on the role and advantages of 3DE in the comprehensive evaluation of MVP, as well as intraoperative and intraprocedural monitoring.