Artificial intelligence-based immunoprofiling serves as a potentially predictive biomarker of nivolumab treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Letter Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Machine learning models and over-fitting considerations

Paris Charilaou et al.

Summary: Machine learning models may be better than traditional statistical regression algorithms in predicting clinical outcomes. Proper validation and tuning of these models are necessary to improve their performance and generalizability.

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

Single-cell immune signature for detecting early-stage HCC and early assessing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy efficacy

Jiawei Shi et al.

Summary: The study highlighted the importance of immune signatures in early detection and immunotherapy efficacy assessment for patients with HCC, utilizing a single-cell approach to identify stage-specific immune signatures and constructing a classifier for early prediction of HCC.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2022)

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Review Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Feature dimensionality reduction: a review

Weikuan Jia et al.

Summary: This paper introduces the impact of the curse of dimensionality on data storage and computing, as well as the importance of feature dimensionality reduction in pattern recognition. It analyzes two dimensionality reduction methods, feature selection and feature extraction, and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of current mainstream dimensionality reduction algorithms.

COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Machine learning predicts cancer subtypes and progression from blood immune signatures

David A. Simon Davis et al.

Summary: The clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer management has emphasized the connection between cancer development and the immune system. Peripheral blood, compared to tumor biopsies, is a more accessible source to study an individual's immune landscape and has diagnostic and prognostic potential. The study found that the immune landscape in peripheral blood is correlated with tumor size and development, suggesting its potential in treatment stratification.

PLOS ONE (2022)

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Article Oncology

A high number of PD-L1+CD14+monocytes in peripheral blood is correlated with shorter survival in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors

Kiyohiro Ando et al.

Summary: The study investigated the prognostic impact of pretreatment PD-L1 expression levels in PBMC subsets in patients receiving anti-PD-1 blockade therapy. It was found that an increase in PD-L1 expression levels on CD14(+)monocytes was significantly associated with overall survival, suggesting a potential predictive role of PBMC in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY (2021)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

New cytometry tools for immune monitoring during cancer immunotherapy

Shomyseh Sanjabi et al.

Summary: The success of cancer immunotherapy in the past decade has spurred a need to better understand the human immune system. Immune checkpoint blockade antibodies can reinvigorate T cells in cancer patients, but resistance mechanisms hinder full benefit for all patients. Early detection of biomarkers and resistance mechanisms is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.

CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Potential of circulating immune cells as biomarkers of nivolumab treatment efficacy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Yi-Ping Hung et al.

Summary: In this study, low pretreatment PD-1 positivity of peripheral B cells and constant posttreatment PD-L1 positivity of monocytes were associated with disease control after nivolumab treatment for advanced HCC.

JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The unique characteristic in peripheral immune cells in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Yi-Ping Hung et al.

Summary: The study revealed that the percentages of CD69(-)CD25(-) Naive CD4 alpha beta T cells and dendritic cells in peripheral blood are highly correlated with advanced HCC status, serving as potential predictors for the disease state. This change may be a result of immune evasion initiated by HCC cells, highlighting the need for further investigation.

JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Oncology

Prospective development and validation of a liquid immune profile-based signature (LIPS) to predict response of patients with recurrent/metastatic cancer to immune checkpoint inhibitors

Jian-Guo Zhou et al.

Summary: The study identified a predictive LIPS for the survival of cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 ICI, based on immune cell subsets in peripheral blood. It was found that LIPS showed high accuracy in predicting overall survival and progression-free survival, unaffected by clinicopathological features. NKT cells and neutrophils of the LIPS can serve as dynamic predictive biomarkers for survival outcomes after the first administration of ICI.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2021)

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Review Oncology

Progress and Challenges of Predictive Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Blockade

Yanna Lei et al.

Summary: Over the past decade, immune checkpoint blockade therapy has significantly improved patient survival in oncology, but the response rates remain unsatisfactory and predictive biomarkers for treatment efficacy are lacking. Further research is needed to identify more accurate biomarkers to enhance the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

A Support Vector Machine Based on Liquid Immune Profiling Predicts Major Pathological Response to Chemotherapy Plus Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 as a Neoadjuvant Treatment for Patients With Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Jie Peng et al.

Summary: This study developed a predictive model for the major pathological response (MPR) of NSCLC patients undergoing CAPD treatment based on immune cell profiling, which can potentially guide clinical therapy. The model achieved high accuracies in predicting MPR in both discovery and validation sets, showing the importance of integrating immune cell subtypes with clinical factors and radiological response for accurate prediction of treatment outcomes.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Immune Cell Profiling of Peripheral Blood as Signature for Response During Checkpoint Inhibition Across Cancer Types

Vinicius Araujo B. de Lima et al.

Summary: The study found that patients responding to ICI may already have a 'favorable immune periphery' profile at baseline, which helps predict their benefit from treatment. These patients showed more effector-like T cell phenotype, as well as lower levels of PD-1 expression by CD8+T cells, which were associated with treatment response and survival.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Peripheral Blood-Based Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Ho Jung An et al.

Summary: Recent advances in high-throughput multiplexed analytical technologies have identified various peripheral blood-based immune biomarkers that can be crucial for selecting cancer patients suitable for ICIs treatment. The identification of these biomarkers helps overcome the limitations of previously used tissue-based biomarkers and offers non-invasive and repeatable methods for detection from blood samples.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Changes in expression of PD-L1 on peripheral T cells in patients with melanoma and lung cancer treated with PD-1 inhibitors

Sarah J. Dart et al.

Summary: This study found that patients with a higher proportion of PD-L1(+) T cells at baseline had improved objective response to PD-1 inhibitor therapy, while patients with a lower proportion of regulatory T cells at baseline experienced more immune-related adverse events. These findings may assist in clinical decision making.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Oncology

PD-1 blockade improves the anti-tumor potency of exhausted CD3(+)CD56(+) NKT-like cells in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma

Longxiang Tao et al.

Summary: Circulating NKT-like cells in HCC patients exhibit functional impairment, with decreased production of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and cytotoxicity, while the expression of inhibitory receptors PD-1, Tim-3, and CTLA-4 is increased. PD-1 blockade improves the effector function of NKT-like cells in HCC patients and may benefit HCC immunotherapy optimization.

ONCOIMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology