Journal
MICROORGANISMS
Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112179
Keywords
antibacterial tolerance; biofilm; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; meropenem
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Funding
- Research Program on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development [JP20fk0108135h0201]
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This study evaluated the impact of Candida albicans on the antibacterial tolerance of Escherichia coli and explored the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that the culture supernatant of Candida induced antibacterial tolerance in E. coli biofilms. Further investigation is needed to identify the specific mechanisms and molecules involved. These findings have implications for the development of treatments for dual-species biofilm infections.
Cross-kingdom multi-species biofilms consisting of fungi and bacteria are often resistant to antimicrobial treatment, leading to persistent infections. We evaluated whether the presence of Candida albicans affects the antibacterial tolerance of Escherichia coli in dual-species biofilms and explored the underlying mechanism. We found that the survival of E. coli in the presence of antibacterial drugs was higher in dual-species biofilms compared to single-species biofilms. This tolerance-inducing effect was observed in E. coli biofilms that were treated with a C. albicans culture supernatant. To explore the antibacterial tolerance-inducing factor contained in the culture supernatant and identify the tolerance mechanism, a heated supernatant, a supernatant treated with lyticase, DNase, and proteinase K, or a supernatant added to a drug efflux pump inhibitor were used. However, the tolerance-inducing activity was not lost, indicating the existence of some other mechanisms. Ultrafiltration revealed that the material responsible for tolerance-inducing activity was <10 kDa in size. This factor has not yet been identified and needs further studies to understand the mechanisms of action of this small molecule precisely. Nevertheless, we provide experimental evidence that Candida culture supernatant induces E. coli antibacterial tolerance in biofilms. These findings will guide the development of new treatments for dual-species biofilm infections.
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