Characterization of Dextran Biosynthesized by Glucansucrase from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides and Their Potential Biotechnological Applications

Glucansucrase was purified from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. The glucansucrase exhibited maximum activity at pH 5.5 and 30 degrees C. Ca2+ significantly promoted enzyme activity. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was synthesized by this glucansucrase in vitro and purified. The molecular weight of the EPS was 3.083 x 10(6) Da. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the main structure of glucan was 97.3% alpha-(1 -> 6)-linked D-glucopyranose units, and alpha-(1 -> 3) branched chain accounted for 2.7%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of dextran showed that its surface was smooth and flaky. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of dextran revealed a chain-like microstructure with many irregular protuberances in aqueous solution. The results showed that dextran had good thermal stability, water holding capacity, water solubility and emulsifying ability (EA), as well as good antioxidant activity; thus it has broad prospects for development in the fields of food, biomedicine, and medicine.

Automated summary

Glucansucrase was isolated from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides and showed optimal activity at pH 5.5 and 30 degrees C. Ca2+ significantly enhanced enzyme activity. The synthesized exopolysaccharide had a molecular weight of 3.083 x 10(6) Da and mainly consisted of α-(1->6)-linked D-glucopyranose units (97.3%) with α-(1->3) branched chains accounting for 2.7%. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed the smooth and flaky surface morphology of dextran, with a chain-like microstructure and irregular protuberances in aqueous solution. Dextran exhibited good thermal stability, water holding capacity, solubility, emulsifying ability, and antioxidant activity, making it promising in the food, biomedicine, and medicine industries.