Journal
ANIMALS
Volume 12, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ani12223197
Keywords
broiler chicken; 1,3-beta-glucans; antibiotic alternatives; growth; gut health; hormone profile; immunohistochemistry
Funding
- Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia [TURSP-2020/152]
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The experiment concluded that the optimal level for dietary supplementation of 1,3-beta-glucan is 120 mg kg(-1), which can improve the intestinal histology and immune status of broiler chickens. Additionally, it has a hypolipidemic effect and enhances the hormonal profile of the birds without affecting their growth rate.
This experiment evaluated the impact of the dietary addition of 1,3-beta-glucans (GLU) on broiler chickens' growth, intestinal histology, blood biochemical parameters, and immunity. Two hundred three-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) (97.93 +/- 0.19 g/chick) were randomly assigned into four treatments with five replicates, each containing ten birds, in a complete randomized design. The four treatments were formulated with 0, 50, 100, and 150 mg 1,3-beta-glucans kg(-1) in broiler chicken diets. During the study, no significant impacts (p > 0.05) were observed in weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) between treatment groups. Based on the results of total body weight gain and FCR, the optimal level of 1,3-beta-glucan is 120 mg Kg(-1). The intestinal histomorphology was improved by GLU supplementation, as indicated by increased villi height and villi height to crypt depth ratio (p < 0.01). All levels of supplemental beta-1,3 glucan decreased the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride levels, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.05). The serum levels of growth hormones (GH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) were increased in GLU-supplemented groups (p < 0.05). The serum immune indices (lysozyme activity, interleukin 10 (IL10), complement 3 (C3), and total protein levels) were increased in the GLU-supplemented groups (p < 0.05). Dietary GLU up-regulated the immunoexpression of CD3 (T-cell marker) and CD20 (B-cell marker) in the spleen of birds (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that 1,3-beta-glucan can be added to broiler chicken diets for improving the development and integrity of the intestine and enhancing the bird's immune status. The optimal level for 1,3-beta-glucan dietary supplementation was 120 mg Kg(-1). Dietary 1,3-beta-glucan has a hypolipidemic effect and improves the hormonal profile of birds without affecting their growth rate.
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