4.4 Article

Genetic changes in refractory relapsed acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1 mutation: A case report

Journal

WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
Volume 10, Issue 35, Pages 13058-13063

Publisher

BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i35.13058

Keywords

Acute myeloid leukemia; NPM1 mutation; Genetic variants; WT1; Case report

Funding

  1. Shantou Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province [SFK [2019] 79]

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This case report presents a relapsed acute myeloid leukemia patient with new genetic variants detected upon relapse, which may be associated with relapse and chemotherapy resistance. This study holds important implications for understanding the prognosis and treatment mechanisms of acute myeloid leukemia.
BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia is often associated with gene mutation or chromosome abnormality, which is an important factor affecting prognosis. The 5-year survival rate of patients with acute myeloid leukemia without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is low. For patients who only received chemotherapy and whose first remission lasted > 5 years, there are few reports of gene spectrum changes between relapse and initial diagnosis. CASE SUMMARY: We report a 41-year-old woman who presented to our hospital with complaints of dizziness, poor appetite and wasting. She was diagnosed with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4b) with NPM1 mutation and only received chemotherapy. Her first remission lasted > 5 years. New genetic variants were detected upon relapse that may have been related to relapse and chemotherapy resistance. CONCLUSION: Mutations in WT1 (R394fs/A387fs)/PTPN11 T73I/ETV6 S350P and JAK2 W659R may be related to relapse and chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.

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