Journal
NPJ VACCINES
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00566-x
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [21-15-00286]
- RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program
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In this study, blood samples from patients who received an adenovirus-based Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine were used to investigate the influence of anti-vector antibodies on the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral response after booster vaccination. The results showed that high pre-boost Ad26 neutralizing antibody titers did not affect the humoral immunogenicity of the Gam-COVID-Vac boost, supporting the development of repeated immunization schedule with adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines.
Replication-incompetent adenoviral vectors have been extensively used as a platform for vaccine design, with at least four anti-COVID-19 vaccines authorized to date. These vaccines elicit neutralizing antibody responses directed against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and confer significant level of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunization with adenovirus-vectored vaccines is known to be accompanied by the production of anti-vector antibodies, which may translate into reduced efficacy of booster or repeated rounds of revaccination. Here, we used blood samples from patients who received an adenovirus-based Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine to address the question of whether anti-vector antibodies may influence the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral response after booster vaccination. We observed that rAd26-based prime vaccination with Gam-COVID-Vac induced the development of Ad26-neutralizing antibodies, which persisted in circulation for at least 9 months. Our analysis further indicates that high pre-boost Ad26 neutralizing antibody titers do not appear to affect the humoral immunogenicity of the Gam-COVID-Vac boost. The titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgGs and antibodies, which neutralized both the wild type and the circulating variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2 such as Delta and Omicron, were independent of the pre-boost levels of Ad26-neutralizing antibodies. Thus, our results support the development of repeated immunization schedule with adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines.
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