Insights of Platinum Drug Interaction with Spinel Magnetic Nanocomposites for Targeted Anti-Cancer Effect

In nanotherapeutics, gaining insight about the drug interaction with the pore architecture and surface functional groups of nanocarriers is crucial to aid in the development of targeted drug delivery. Manganese ferrite impregnated graphene oxide (MnFe2O4/GO) with a two-dimensional sheet and spherical silica with a three-dimensional interconnected porous structure (MnFe2O4/silica) were evaluated for cisplatin release and cytotoxic effects. Characterization studies revealed the presence of Mn2+ species with a variable spinel cubic phase and superparamagnetic effect. We used first principles calculations to study the physisorption of cisplatin on monodispersed silica and on single- and multi-layered GO. The binding energy of cisplatin on silica and single-layer GO was similar to 1.5 eV, while it was about double that value for the multilayer GO structure. Moreover, we treated MCF-7 (breast cancer cells) and HFF-1 (human foreskin fibroblast) with our nanocomposites and used the cell viability assay MTT. Both nanocomposites significantly reduced the cell viability. Pt4+ species of cisplatin on the spinel ferrite/silica nanocomposite had a better effect on the cytotoxic capability when compared to GO. The EC50 for MnFe2O4/silica/cisplatin and MnFe2O4/GO/cisplatin on MCF-7 was: 48.43 mu g/mL and 85.36 mu g/mL, respectively. The EC50 for the same conditions on HFF was: 102.92 mu g/mL and 102.21 mu g/mL, respectively. In addition, immunofluorescence images using c-caspase 3/7, and TEM analysis indicated that treating cells with these nanocomposites resulted in apoptosis as the major mechanism of cell death.

Automated summary

Understanding the interaction between drugs and nanocarriers is crucial for targeted drug delivery. This study evaluated the release and cytotoxic effects of cisplatin using manganese ferrite impregnated graphene oxide (MnFe2O4/GO) and spherical silica (MnFe2O4/silica). The results showed that both nanocomposites significantly reduced cell viability, with the Pt4+ species of cisplatin on the spinel ferrite/silica nanocomposite having a better cytotoxic effect compared to GO. The mechanism of cell death was found to be apoptosis.