Related references
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Review
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Summary: With the increase in urbanization and improved living standards, there is a higher demand for energy worldwide. The building sector is a major consumer of energy, accounting for about 40% of total energy consumption and causing environmental impacts. Researchers are challenged to reduce energy consumption without compromising thermal comfort in buildings. Phase change materials (PCMs) have the potential to store and release heat for energy conservation and thermal regulation. Integrating PCMs into building materials can significantly improve thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption. This study reviews the effects of PCM integration into building envelopes and discusses energy savings and economic benefits. It concludes that PCMs integrated into building envelopes such as walls, roofs, ceilings, and windows can lead to energy consumption reduction and improved thermal comfort. Micro/nano encapsulation and shape stabilization techniques show higher thermal performance compared to macro and impregnation techniques. In-situ-polymerization and emulsion polymerization are commonly used encapsulation techniques due to their efficiency and simplicity. PCMs with phase transition temperatures close to ambient conditions are found to be promising for enhancing thermal comfort in buildings.
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Summary: This study evaluates the year-round performance of a photovoltaic system coupled with a phase change material/aluminum metal foam composite as a passive cooling technique. The findings show that this arrangement has the potential to effectively regulate the temperature of PV cells, with the effectiveness of the phase change material being more pronounced in summer. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the PV-PCM/AMF system are improved compared to the conventional PV system. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the right melting temperature of the phase change material for optimal performance throughout the year.
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Summary: A mathematical model for designing constructive systems with thermally efficient microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCM) in mortar was developed. The model quantifies the impact of design variables, such as MPCM percentage, wall thickness, and application method, on room temperature. The results show that external application of MPCM can reduce the internal room temperature, while internal application can maintain a uniform temperature.
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Summary: This paper examines the economic viability and efficacy of phase change materials in improving the thermal comfort of heavy-structure buildings. The results show that phase change materials with melting temperatures of 29 and 25 degrees C perform the best in free-floating and air conditioning modes, respectively. Combining a thin layer of phase change material with thermal insulation can significantly reduce exceedance hours, decrease air conditioning energy, and shorten the payback period.
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(2022)
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Yousra M'hamdi et al.
Summary: This study evaluates the optimal envelope type and climatic zone for improving building performance using phase change materials (PCM). The results show that PCM has a higher energy saving rate in arid and sub-arid climates, and a lower rate in the Mediterranean climate. PCM is more efficient for cooling in arid climates, and for heating in sub-arid and Mediterranean climates. The environmental and economic analysis indicates that the use of PCM can significantly reduce energy costs and CO2 emissions.
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Article
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Yassine Kharbouch
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Murat cagri Uludas et al.
Summary: In this study, the integration of a phase change material (PCM) into a partition wall between a sunspace and a room in a detached house was investigated for energy reduction. The optimal sunspace configuration was determined through evaluating various factors such as phase transition temperatures, glazing types, PCM locations, and the presence of active shading. Economic and CO2 emission analyses were also conducted to measure potential savings and benefits. The results showed that the optimal phase transition temperatures were 27 ℃ for cooling and 21 ℃ for heating applications, regardless of the PCM location in the wall. The choice of glass type varied depending on the season, with low U-value and high SHGC glass recommended for winter, and high U-value and low SHGC glass preferred for summer. The use of active shading in summer increased energy consumption, but this negative effect was offset by the effective utilization of the latent heat content of the PCM. The yearly energy analysis revealed that locating the PCM at the front of the partition wall and using a glazing type with high SHGC and high U-value or low SHGC and low U-value could minimize the annual energy demand. Compared to a case without sunspace, the optimal configuration achieved a reduction in CO2 emissions of 98 kg.
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Summary: This study experimentally investigated the optimal thickness of a phase change material (PCM) layer in composite roofs under severe exterior temperatures. The results showed that a 20 mm PCM thickness provided the best thermal performance, significantly reducing room temperature compared to the reference roof.
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Qudama Al-Yasiri et al.
Summary: Recent studies have focused on improvement solutions for building envelopes, particularly new techniques such as phase change materials (PCMs). This work emphasizes the importance and application of PCMs in building envelopes, discussing their thermal behavior through various methods and assessing their potential for reducing cooling/heating loads, energy savings, and enhancing thermal comfort.
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Seunghwan Wi et al.
Summary: Among various construction methods, external insulation finishing can effectively utilize thermal energy of buildings and improve efficiency, optimized by using phase change material (PCM). The use of PCM in mortar composite specimen showed a significant improvement in time-lag effect by 59.4% even with just 10 wt% of MPCM, indicating excellent thermal storage performance for significant thermal performance improvement in building applications.
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Y. Qu et al.
Summary: The multi-factor orthogonal simulation analysis explored the impact of four key parameters of PCM-integrated building envelopes on energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort in Chinese climate. The influence of these parameters on energy saving and indoor temperature fluctuation was discussed, with the optimal solution being the use of BioPCMTM23 (PCM2) with 7 cm thickness on both wall and roof. Integrating PCM into the envelope can effectively reduce indoor temperature fluctuations and achieve significant energy savings by selecting PCMs based on local climatic conditions.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
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Qudama Al-Yasiri et al.
Summary: This study examined the thermal performance of concrete bricks with different capsule designs under hot summer conditions. The results showed that all PCM based bricks outperformed the reference brick, while the bricks with square cross-section PCM capsules exhibited the best thermal contribution.
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(2021)
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Qudama Al-Yasiri et al.
Summary: This study experimentally determined that placing PCM between Isogam and concrete is the optimal choice for reducing indoor temperatures under Iraq climate conditions. The PCM models showed significant temperature reductions at high outside temperatures.
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