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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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Badr H. Alharbi et al.
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Summary: This study proposes a novel grey spatiotemporal model and quantitatively analyzes the spillover and momentum effects of the COVID-19 lockdown policy on the concentration of PM2.5 in Wuhan. The results show that stringent lockdown measures can significantly reduce PM2.5 emissions, including both the momentum effect and spillover effect.
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Qinhuizi Wu et al.
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Mario Coccia
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Mario Coccia
Summary: This study compares the dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy in 2020 and 2021. The results show that while the number of confirmed cases and mortality rates are higher in 2021, hospitalizations, admissions to ICUs, and the fatality rate have decreased in December 2021 compared to December 2020. The study also suggests that COVID-19 is influenced by seasonality and environmental factors, with fewer negative effects in the summer months.
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Summary: In the presence of pandemic threats, vaccination is an essential strategy to cope with the negative effects of new viral agents. However, hesitancy and resistance to vaccines exist among some people. This study analyzed global data and found that the maximum share of people vaccinable without coercion is about 70% of the total population, and it increases with the income per capita. This information can guide the establishment of appropriate vaccination goals and health policies in order to address future pandemic impacts without causing socioeconomic problems.
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Summary: This study examines changes in psychotropic medication uptake before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using nine years of linked administrative data. The results show that during the restrictions, certain demographic groups had higher than expected uptake of hypnotic medication and anxiolytic medication.
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Mario Coccia
Summary: This study uses a meta-analysis to investigate the origin of SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest a low probability of natural spillover, and a higher probability of hazardous viral agents and lab accidents. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of improving biosafety guidelines in laboratories to minimize the risks of pandemic threats.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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Cosimo Magazzino et al.
Summary: The goal of this study is to assess the effects of vaccination on the fatality rate of COVID-19 through a machine learning experiment. The results suggest that in the countries under study, there is a reduction in the fatality rate of COVID-19 as the doses of vaccination increase, which is significant for the international scientific community.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
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Abhishek Upadhyay et al.
Summary: South Asia is a hotspot for air pollution, and understanding the impact of different emission sources is crucial. Analysis of air quality during the COVID-19 lockdown showed varied results, with cities experiencing improvements due to reduced traffic, but natural sources such as biomass burning contributing to pollution.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
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Md Siddiqur Rahman et al.
Summary: The study found that implementing a lockdown policy in Dhaka city can reduce the transmission of COVID-19 and also decrease air pollution. Various models explored the relationship between air quality indicators and COVID-19 transmission, revealing a potential decrease in COVID-19 infection rate with long-term exposure to O-3 and CO.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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Ivana Jakovljevic et al.
Summary: During the lockdown period in Croatia due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, concentrations of air pollutants significantly decreased at the urban traffic site, while showing slight decreases or similarities at the urban residential site.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
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Md Sariful Islam et al.
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Ismail Anil et al.
Summary: Since the identification of COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, the death toll and reported cases have been significant worldwide. Lockdown measures imposed in KSA between March and June 2020 have led to notable improvements in air quality, with a significant decrease in pollutants like NO2. This improvement could potentially reduce the impact of COVID-19, especially on vulnerable populations.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
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Mario Coccia
Summary: This study suggests that cities with high wind speed tend to have fewer COVID-19 infections, while cities in hinterland zones with low wind speed and high air pollution levels tend to have more infections. High concentrations of air pollutants combined with low wind speeds may promote the spread of the virus in polluted air.
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Junfeng Wang et al.
Summary: This study identified the significant impact of lockdown measures on air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and further explored the heterogeneous effects of travel restrictions and control measure intensity on air quality.
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Sarit Agami et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a decrease in air pollution worldwide, with emissions reducing during lockdown compared to the same period in 2019. While NOx decreased significantly, ground-level ozone increased, behaving similarly to the ozone weekend effect. Assessing the impact of lockdown, along with meteorological conditions, increased the explanation of pollution emission variation to 47%.
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Suman Mor et al.
Summary: The study found significant variations in ambient air quality in Chandigarh during the COVID-19 lockdown. Concentrations of air pollutants fluctuated during different phases of the lockdown, primarily influenced by vehicular emissions and residential sources.
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Arun Srivastava
Summary: The corona virus is highly uncertain and complex in space and time. Atmospheric parameters and local weather play an important role in COVID-19 cases and mortality. Aerosols containing the virus are a major route for spread and an increase in particulate matter concentration causes more COVID-19 cases and mortality.
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Khaiwal Ravindra et al.
Summary: The study explored the impact of COVID-19 lockdown phases on PM2.5 concentration in five Indian megacities, showing significant reductions during lockdown with the most notable decrease in Kolkata and Mumbai. During the unlocking phase, all cities except Chennai experienced lower PM2.5 levels compared to lockdown, mostly due to monsoon rains. This research provides valuable insights for future air pollution reduction strategies and highlights the potential for strengthening air pollution control policies based on the findings.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
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Jagdish Khubchandani et al.
Summary: The study conducted a national assessment of depression and anxiety prevalence in the adult US population post-initial lockdowns. Results showed high rates of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress, with females more likely to have anxiety symptoms and males more likely to have depression. Multiple regression analyses revealed that depression and anxiety burden was significantly influenced by demographic factors and employment status.
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E. Bontempi et al.
Summary: The study aims to explore the main determinants of COVID-19 spread, focusing on international trade. It found that the total import and export quantities are highly associated with confirmed cases (average r 0.78, p-value <0.001), suggesting trade data as a complex indicator that outperforms other common parameters in explaining the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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Environmental Sciences
E. Bontempi et al.
Summary: The study aims to analyze the relationship between commercial trade and pandemic severity to support new hypotheses explaining COVID-19 transmission dynamics and policy responses. The research focuses on three large European countries and suggests that international trade data can be used as a comprehensive indicator for population density, economic dynamism, and human mobility. The results highlight the importance of focusing on infections outside national boundaries to manage pandemic threats effectively.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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Environmental Sciences
Salah Eddine Sbai et al.
Summary: France imposed a complete lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a significant decrease in air pollution levels due to reduced human activities. However, some pollutants such as ozone and particulate matter showed an increasing trend during the lockdown period.
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Hamzaoui Ikhlasse et al.
Summary: The nationwide lockdown in France due to COVID-19 led to fluctuations in atmospheric pollutant concentrations, with most pollutants decreasing during containment phase except for ozone. Further research is needed to validate the impact of pollutants on daily mortality rates associated with COVID-19. It also raises questions about future climate crisis and the effectiveness of current political responses and investments in addressing climate change.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
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Environmental Sciences
Guus J. M. Velders et al.
Summary: The lockdown measures in 2020 resulted in reductions in air pollutant concentrations in the Netherlands, with decreases ranging from 10-30% for various pollutants at different locations. Traffic contributions and PM2.5 concentrations showed significant decreases during the lockdown period.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
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Environmental Sciences
Calvin Jephcote et al.
Summary: The UK implemented a lockdown in Spring 2020 to reduce person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The study found a 69% reduction in traffic during the lockdown period, leading to decreases in NO2 and PM2.5 pollutants while O-3 concentrations increased. Results suggest that sustained improvements in air quality require actions across various sectors.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ritwik Nigam et al.
Summary: This study assessed the impact of lockdown on air quality in Ankleshwar and Vapi, Gujarat, India, revealing a gradual reduction in most pollutant concentrations during the lockdown, but an increase in ozone concentration post-lockdown. Factors like distance from the Arabian coast and different industrial setups played a vital role in determining emission trends in the two cities.
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Meng Hu et al.
Summary: The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to lockdowns in affected countries to control the spread of the virus. This study compared air pollution levels during and after lockdown in pandemic hotspots such as Wuhan, Tokyo, Daegu, and Mumbai, and found a positive correlation between reduced pollutant levels and air pollution reduction. Lockdown policies resulted in decreased air pollution levels, with high pollution regions showing more significant reductions.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
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Environmental Sciences
Chao He et al.
Summary: Lockdowns due to COVID-19 led to a significant reduction in global economic and transport activities. This resulted in decreased concentrations of air pollutants, particularly PM2.5 and NO2, but ozone concentrations increased. The reductions were mainly attributed to decreased traffic and industrial activities, with potential for improvement through strict air quality policies and emission control strategies.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
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Gabriele Donzelli et al.
Summary: The lockdown measures due to COVID-19 significantly impacted air quality and pollutant emissions in Valencia, with notable reductions in PM10 and PM2.5 levels in urban traffic areas. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in nitric oxide levels across all monitoring stations, highlighting the need for further research on the impact of human activities on air quality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
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Environmental Sciences
Giovanni Lonati et al.
Summary: The study indicates that the reduced atmospheric emissions due to the COVID-19 lockdown have positively impacted the ambient air quality in the Po Valley of Northern Italy, particularly for NO2 and benzene pollutants, while the concentration of ammonia did not show significant changes. The results highlight the important role of traffic emissions in NO2 and benzene ambient levels in the Po Valley.
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Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, global national lockdowns and social distancing policies led to reduced industrial and mobility activities, resulting in lower air pollution emissions of selected pollutants NO2, PM2.5, PM10 by approximately 20-40% in 2020, ultimately improving air quality.
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Construction & Building Technology
Yogesh Sathe et al.
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SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
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Richard Toro A et al.
Summary: The study of air quality in urban areas during the COVID-19 pandemic in Santiago, Chile, showed that the reduced traffic emissions during the lockdown significantly lowered the concentrations of NOx, CO, and PM2.5, while O3 concentrations increased. The nonlinear response in pollution levels is likely due to changes in vehicular emission patterns and other sources during the pandemic.
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Cui-lin Wu et al.
Summary: The study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on traffic-related air pollutants in Shanghai, showing reductions in NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 levels during the pandemic compared to 2018-2019. However, CO decreased moderately while O3 concentrations increased. The largest decline in primary pollutants and significant increase in O3 levels were observed during full lockdown measures.
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SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
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Rabab Mashayekhi et al.
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AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
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Said Munir et al.
Summary: The study indicates that the COVID-19 lockdown measures significantly reduced the concentrations of certain air pollutants, but there was an increase in levels of PM10 and PM2.5. Comparisons with data from the equivalent period in 2019 also demonstrated a decrease in air pollutant concentrations. Back trajectory analysis revealed changes in air quality before and after the lockdown.
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Environmental Sciences
Casey D. Bray et al.
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ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
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Mikalai Filonchyk et al.
Summary: The first case of COVID-19 in Poland was reported on March 4, 2020, leading to strict governmental measures that significantly restricted social and economic activities. This study shows that these preventive measures had a positive impact on Poland's air quality, with reductions in atmospheric pollutants observed during the lockdown period compared to previous years.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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Environmental Sciences
Avelino Nunez-Delgado et al.
Summary: The Virtual Special Issue focuses on SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic microorganisms in the environment, receiving over 100 high-quality submissions related to the pandemic. Rigorous peer-reviewing process led to the selection of manuscripts reaching the highest scientific standards, contributing to an improved scientific perspective on this crucial issue.
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Nur H. Orak et al.
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Mario Coccia
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Mario Coccia
Summary: The study found that countries with shorter lockdown periods had higher confirmed cases and death rates during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, but with higher investments in healthcare, they were able to reduce the fatality rate and apply shorter lockdowns with less negative effects on the economic system.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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Summary: This study estimates the impact of anthropogenic emission reductions on nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) concentration changes in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Reductions in NO2 concentrations were observed in eight German metropolitan areas, while O3 concentrations showed an increase in winter and spring. The exception of North-West Germany where NO2 concentrations did not decrease may be attributed to enhanced NOX emissions from agricultural soils.
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Environmental Sciences
Parichat Wetchayont et al.
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Environmental Sciences
Alessia Sannino et al.
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