Self-assembly of disordered hard carbon/graphene hybrid for sodium-ion batteries

Disordered hard carbon/graphene (C@G) hybrid is successfully designed and prepared for the first time through a facile route. SEM and TEM analyses show the uniform distribution of carbon microspheres and carbon layers on the surface of graphene. As an anode material of sodium-ion batteries, such a construction could ensure an effective contact area with the electrolyte and offer massive active sites. It displays a stable sodium storage capacity of similar to 300 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g(-1) and exhibits an excellent rate performance. The unique structure and advantageous synergistic effect between disordered hard carbon and graphene make a significant contribution to the good Na+ insertion/extraction property. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.