Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 306, Issue -, Pages 233-240Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.013
Keywords
High precision coulometry; Coulombic efficiency; Electrolyte oxidation; Impedance increase; Cell degradation
Funding
- NSERC
- 3M Canada under the Industrial Research Chairs program
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Three different cycling protocols including continuous-cycling, barn-charge and cycle-store were applied with an ultra high precision charger to Li[Ni0.42Mn0.42Co0.16]O-2/graphite and/or Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1] (3)]O-2/graphite pouch cells tested using different upper cutoff potentials. The barn-charge and cycle-store protocols were designed so that cells stay at high potential for a larger fraction of their testing time compared to continuous cycling. For cells tested to 4.2, 4.4 or 4.5 V, the greater the fraction of testing time spent at high potential, the lower the coulombic efficiency and the greater the charge endpoint capacity slippage rate, with the effects being more severe at higher potential. These results confirm that Li[Ni0.42Mn0.42Co0.16]O-2/graphite and Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O-2/graphite Li-ion cells which are charged and then left at high potential (>4.4 V) for extended periods of time will have much shorter calendar and cycle life compared to those that are continuously cycled as has been recently reported in long-term test results. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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