Journal
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 46, Issue 6, Pages 1079-1085Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-02000-4
Keywords
Assisted reproductive technology (ART); Severe male factor; Azoospermia; Oligozoospermia; ICSI-IVF
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This article reviews the impact of the male factor on assisted reproductive technology (ART) and provides an overview of the indications, minimum access criteria, and outcomes of ART techniques in relation to male factor.
BackgroundInfertility, which is defined as the inability to conceive after at least 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourses, affects about 15-20% of couples worldwide and a male factor is involved in about half of the cases. The development of assisted reproductive technology (ART) made it possible to conceive also to individuals affected from severe oligospermia or azoospermia. However, the impact of the male factor on embryo development, implantation, prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and clinical and obstetric outcomes is still controversial.PurposeThis narrative review examines the indications, minimum access criteria, and outcomes by individual ART technique in relation to the male factor.
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