Pharmacological effects of natural medicine ginsenosides against Alzheimer's disease

Ginsenosides are the most important pharmacological active ingredient of ginseng, with multiple biological therapeutic targets, mild action and no side effects. It is having shown beneficial effects in vitro and in vivo models of AD. In this review, we analyze large literature, summarize the inhibition of ginsenosides fibrous extracellular deposition of beta-amyloid (A beta) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of possible mechanisms, and explain the effects of ginsenosides on AD neuroprotection from the aspects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis, prove the potential of ginsenosides as a new class of drugs for the treatment of AD. In addition, according to the current clinical application status of natural drugs, this paper analysis the delivery route and delivery mode of ginsenosides from the perspective of pharmacokinetics, providing a deeper insight into the clinical application of ginsenosides in the treatment of AD.

Automated summary

Ginsenosides, the most important pharmacological active ingredient of ginseng, have shown potential in inhibiting the pathogenesis of AD. This review analyzes the mechanisms of ginsenosides in inhibiting the deposition of Aβ and NFTs, as well as their neuroprotective effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis mechanisms. Furthermore, the delivery route and mode of ginsenosides are discussed, providing a deeper understanding of their clinical application in AD treatment.