4.6 Article

Synthesis of Sulfonated Carbon from Discarded Masks for Effective Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Journal

CATALYSTS
Volume 12, Issue 12, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/catal12121567

Keywords

biomass; carbohydrates; mask; solid wastes; solid acid catalyst

Funding

  1. Elite Youth Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
  2. Basic Frontier Project of the Agro-Environmental Protection Institute
  3. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China [2022-jcqyrw-ghx]
  4. Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund [Y2022QC30]

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This study proposes an environmentally friendly system for the synthesis of sulfonated carbon materials from discarded masks and efficient catalyzed fructose upgrading to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Solid acid catalysts were prepared from waste masks and evaluated for their performance. The results show that the catalysts achieved high yield of HMF under certain conditions.
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), as one of the top ten important platform chemicals, can be used to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), 2,5-dimethyl furan (DMF), levulinic acid, and other chemicals. An environmentally friendly system for the synthesis of sulfonated carbon materials from discarded masks has been proposed. A series of mask-based solid acid catalysts (bMC-SO3H) were prepared by a simple two-step process. Mechanochemical pretreatment (ball milling) of waste mask and sulfonated group precursor, followed by thermal carbonization under nitrogen gas, were used to synthesize sulfonated porous carbon. The total acid amount of the prepared bMC-SO3H was measured by the Boehm method, which exhibited 1.2-5.3 mmol/g. The addition of the sulfonated group precursor in the mechanochemical treatment (ball milling) process caused intense structure fragmentation of the discarded masks. These sulfonated porous carbons (bMC(600)-SO3H) as solid acid catalysts achieved fructose conversion of 100% and HMF yield of 82.1% after 120 min at 95 degrees C in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The bMC-SO3H could be reused five times, during which both the HMF yield and fructose conversion were stable. This work provides a strategy for the synthesis of sulfonated carbon from discarded masks and efficient catalyzed fructose upgrading to HMF.

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