Development of real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR based marker for the detection of Tilletia caries inciting common bunt of wheat

This is the first study reporting droplet digital PCR and quantitative real time PCR for detection of Tilletia caries (syn. T. tritici), which causes common bunt of wheat and leads to yield losses of 80% in many wheat growing areas worldwide. To establish an accurate, rapid and quantifiable detection method, we tested 100 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers and obtained a species-specific fragment (515 bp) generated by ISSR 827. Then, a specific 266 bp band for the sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker was produced from T. caries. The detection limit reached 50 pg/mu L. Based on the SCAR marker, we further developed a higher sensitivity of quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with a detection limit of 2.4 fg/mu L, and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) with a detection limit of 0.24 fg/mu L. Both methods greatly improved the detection sensitivity of T. caries, which will be contribute a lot for quickly and accurately detection of T. caries, which causes wheat common bunt.

Automated summary

This study reports the use of droplet digital PCR and quantitative real time PCR for the detection of Tilletia caries (also known as T. tritici), the pathogen causing common bunt of wheat. The research establishes a highly sensitive detection method using specific markers and improves the detection sensitivity of T. caries.